Dzuwa lotchedwa herbaceous limachokera ku mawonekedwe odabwitsa a duwa lokhala ndi mapiko awiri, zokumbukira nsapato yoseketsa yakutsogolo. Lipweya lalikulu kwambiri, lotsikirako nthawi zonse limakhala ndi mitundu yowala, mawanga ang'ono ndi mawonekedwe a mpira. Ndipo wam'mwambamwamba ndi wocheperako kotero kuti pafupifupi suwoneka. Poyambirira calceolaria waku South America, ndi wa banja lachi Norian.
Mphukira za calceolaria zimakula mpaka theka la mita, maluwa amatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Duwa ili ndi chidwi pokhapokha maluwa, pambuyo pake gawo lonse la pamwambapa limadulidwa, kuthirira ndi kutsika kwakukulu. Olima ena amakonda kutaya mbewuzo, ndi kubzala mbewu zazing'ono. Koma ngakhale kuyambira mbande zakale mumatha kudikira maluwa, maluwa okhawo sangakhale akulu komanso okongola.
Chisamaliro cha Calceolaria
Kuwala Chomerachi chimakonda kuwala, koma kuwala mwachindunji kumatha kuwononga maluwa osakhwima. Chifukwa chake, miphika imayikidwa pawindo kuti muzitha kuwalitsa pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, galasi lazenera liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nsalu ina iliyonse yopyapyala kapena pepala lakutsata. Mosiyana, kuyatsa kosakwanira kumalipidwa ndi nyali za fluorescent. Kutentha sikuyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 16 kapena pansi pa 14 degrees nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Kuthirira onjezerani maluwa, pewani kudzikundikira kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chinyontho mu poto. Madzi othirira amayenera kukhala ofewa komanso okhazikika. Ndikosavuta kuyika miphika ndi calceolaria m'malo ambiri amaluwa, ndikudzaza malo opanda kanthu ndi peat. Pofinyira peat, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti mtengowo uzilandira zochuluka osati chinyezi chokha, komanso feteleza zina.
Zomera zitatha maluwa ndizithilira pang'ono, zimalepheretsa nthaka kuti iume. Mutha kudikirira kutuluka kwa mphukira zatsopano ndikuwonjezera kuthirira. Chomera chimaphukanso, koma chikuwoneka chachikulire, ndikupereka maluwa ndi masamba ang'ono.
Kubzala ndi kubereka. Kuswana kwanyumba kumakhala kovuta pokhapokha posankha malo omwe kutentha sayenera kukwera pamwamba pa madigiri 16. Ngati matenthedwe apitilira madigiri ochepa okha, calceolaria imayamba kugwa masamba ndi maluwa. Kukula kwamphamvu kumatha kusinthidwa mwakapangidwe - kuwala kosiyanitsidwa kokhako komwe kumaloledwa.
Mbewu za calceolaria ndizochepa kwambiri - mu gramu imodzi ikhoza kukhala ndi zidutswa 30,000! Chifukwa chake, mutabzala, safunika kufota ndi dothi. Koma amafunikirabe kutetezedwa, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, njerezo zimakutidwa ndi pepala lofewa, kuzizunza nthawi ndi nthawi. Pakumera kwa mbeu, chisakanizo chokhazikika cha peat ndi nthaka yamasamba ndi kuwonjezera kwa humus ndi mchenga zakonzedwa. Zigawo zonse zimasankhidwa m'magawo awiri, ndi mchenga - zosaposa chimodzi.
Koma mutha kudziletsa malire. Zinyalala zotetezedwa ndi kuphatikiza ndi choko chaching'ono zingakhale zabwino izi (kupewa kupewa acidization m'tsogolo). Mbewu zitha kumera panthaka zosakanikirana zokonzedwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi chilichonse chomwe chimatulutsa dzuwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena kapu yopyapyala. Ndikofunika kuwunika mosamala kuti condensate sikuwonekera pamwamba pa mphukira zazing'ono, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumasula chovalacho kuchokera kuminyewa.
Sankhani Yoyamba imasambira. Atadikirira kuti awonekere malo omwe akutuluka, ngambuyo imachitidwanso kachiwiri. Pambuyo pokhapokha izi zimatha kusintha - yoyamba mu miphika yaying'ono (pafupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri), yachiwiri - m'miphika yayikulu, mpaka masentimita 11. Zomera zodzalidwa nthawi yachiwiri ziyenera kuti zidatulutsidwa masamba atatu okha (kusiya zokhazo zomwe zimakhala ndi mphukira). Pomaliza - kufalitsa kachitatu kumachitika kuyambira Januware mpaka February. Pakadali pano, muli ziwiya zikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi dothi lolemera, momwe feteleza wa mchere amayamba. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi dothi: peat, humus ndi sod land - m'magawo awiri, okhala ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wabwino. Kulemera konse kwa feteleza kumalumikizidwa ngati magalamu 2-3 pa kilogalamu ya dothi yomwe idapezeka.
Atabzala mbewu m'miphika yayikulu, amayamba kupanga feteleza woyamba ndi feteleza wa mchere, ndikupitiliza kuchita izi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Mbewu zobzalidwa pakati pa chilimwe zidzakhala maluwa okongola mu March chaka chamawa. Ndipo mosemphanitsa, ndikumayambiriro kwa Marichi kumapereka nyundo yolima yophukira.
