Rose ndiye mfumukazi yabwino kwambiri!

Rose ndiye mfumukazi ya maluwa. Amakondedwa, amapembedzedwa, adamangidwa kuyambira kalekale. Pali nthano zambiri za iye.

Ku India yakale, maluwa ankawoneka kuti, malinga ndi lamulo lomwe lidakhalako, aliyense wobweretsa mfumu kwa mfumu amamufunsa chilichonse chomwe akufuna. A Brahmins adakongoletsa akachisi ndi maluwa, ndipo mafumu adakongoletsa zipinda zawo, adaphimba njira za milungu panthawi ya chipembedzo, amapereka misonkho ndi misonkho ndi maluwa.

Kukwera kudakwera, kalasi "Kukwera Iceberg". © Quart de lune

Rose, Latin - Rosa. Dzinali limavomerezedwa pokongoletsa zamaluwa kwa mitundu yobzala ya mtundu wa Rosehip (lat. Rosa) wa banja la Pinki.

Zomera zamtchire zimamera makamaka nyengo yotentha. Ponseponse, pali mitundu pafupifupi 300-400 ya maluwa amtchire. Zomera nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati chitsamba kapena chopindika.

Mu chithunzi chapamwamba, duwa ili ndi miyala 32, motero dzina ladzuka.

Mphepo idakwera. © Alvesgaspar

Ndikofunika kufotokozera kuti maluwa ambiri ali ndi miyala inayi, isanu, ndi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo duwa limaposa.
Chifukwa chake maupangiri amphepo, kuphatikiza mbali zisanu ndi zitatu, zimatha kudutsana monga miyala ya rose. Mwachitsanzo: SSW - South-South-West (kumwera-kumwera-kumadzulo, kumwera-kumwera-kumadzulo-kumadzulo). Chifukwa chake dzinalo, Mphepo idawuka.

Masiku ano, duwa ndi maluwa ogulitsa bwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Maluwa a maluwa ndi osavuta, amitundu iwiri, okhala ndi manda asanu ndi zipere. Ma stamens akutuluka kunja amapezeka pakatikati pa duwa, ndipo pestle imabisidwa mkatikati, pamalo olandirira. Maluwa a maluwa olimidwa akukhudzika pakusiyana kwawo: kukula kwa maluwa kutalika kuyambira 1.8 mpaka 18 cm, kuchuluka kwa ma petals kungakhale kuyambira asanu mpaka mazana, pali mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri, maluwa ndi osakwatiwa komanso mu inflorescence, ndipo mu inflorescence akhoza kukhala kuchokera pa atatu mpaka mazana awiri. Mtundu wa maluwa ndi maluwa ndi wolemera kwambiri, osati mtundu wabuluu wokha. Kuphatikiza pa maluwa okhazikika, maluwa amakondweretsa mafani okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanikirana, ndikupangitsa kusewera kwamaluwa kosangalatsa pamitunduyo, komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a mithunzi. Maluwa ambiri amakopeka ndi fungo lawo labwino komanso losiyanasiyana. Fungo la Damascus rose (Rosa damascena), lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi lingaliro la "maluwa ofiira", ndi losiyana ndi maluwa onunkhira (Rosa rugosa) ndi maluwa a metropolitan (Rosa customolia), maluwa a tiyi (Rosa odorata) ndi musky (Rosa moschata). Mukununkhira kwa maluwa ambiri pali zolemba zosiyanasiyana - kuyambira zipatso ndi zipatso mpaka fungo la zofukizira ndi zonunkhira. Maluwa ndi zonunkhira zenizeni zomwe zimapangidwa mwachilengedwe komanso talente ya obereketsa.

Tikufika

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita m'mawa. Ndikwabwino kubzala maluwa pakati pakalima - kumapeto kwa Epulo - Meyi koyambirira, kumwera - nthawi yophukira. Asanabzalire mmera, mphukira zonse zowonongeka ndi matenda zimachotsedwa. Mphukira zolimba zimadulidwa mwachidule - mpaka 10-15 masentimita, ndikusiya masamba a 2-4 okha. Mizu imakonzedwa pang'ono - kuti ikhale ndi minofu yamoyo. Ngati maluwa anaphwa, ndiye kuti asanabzalidwe amayenera kuyika tsiku limodzi m'madzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo musanabzike, tsitsani mizu mu dongo-ndowe.

Rose la mitundu Gogoda kunja. © Jim

Maenje obzala amakonzedwa ndi kukula kwa 50x50 cm ndikudzazidwa ndi zosakaniza: 1 gawo la dongo-dongo kapena dothi lamtunda, gawo limodzi la humus kapena kompositi - kotero kuti mulu upangike. Kupukutira kwakhazikitsidwa, ndikuwongola mizu ndikuwaza ndi lapansi, ndikuikongoletsa mosamala kuti pasakhale voids pakati pa mizu ndi nthaka, ndikuthirira madzi ambiri. Katemerayu amakwiriridwa m'nthaka ndi masentimita 3-5. Mutatha kuthirira, maluwa amakulungidwa. Mfuti zimaletsa kuyanika. Zikamera zikamera, nthaka imakokoloka ndipo dothi limakhazikika ndi humus kapena peat ndi wosanjikiza masentimita 5-8, omwe amathandiza kusunga chinyontho.

Mtunda pakati pa mbande za maluwa a tiyi wosakanizidwa, floribunda ndi polyanthus ndi 25-30 masentimita, pakati pa mizere ndi 60-70 cm, paki ndi kukwera, motsatana 45-50 ndi 80-100, kakang'ono 15-5 ndi 40-50 cm. kubzala maluwa wamba kuti ateteze, gawo lawo lomanikizidwa nthawi zambiri limakutidwa ndi moss ndikumangirizidwa ndi pepala, ndipo zonsezi zimachotsedwa pakatha masabata 1-1,5, pomwe masamba akukula kale. Mutabzala, dothi limaphikidwa ndi peat kapena nthaka ndikutalika kwa masentimita 3-5. Mukabzala maluwa osakhala osakhazikika, dothi limakhazikika ndi makungwa a pine kapena tchipisi zamatabwa.

Chisamaliro

M'chaka chodzala, mumangopanga chitsamba. Mphukira yolimba kwambiri ikutsina, ndipo masamba opangidwa omwe afikira kukula kwa mapira amachotsedwa.

Maluwa ngati mpanda. © Kathy Woodard

Komabe, theka lachiwiri la chilimwe amaloledwa kukula mpaka maluwa. Maluwa amafunika kumasula dothi, kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira, kuchotsa udzu ndi kukula kwamtunda pamadzi, poteteza matenda ndi tizirombo. Chapakatikati, mutadulira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, "kumanganso dothi" dothi limafunikanso (kumasula ndikuthinthika ndi nthaka ndikutembenukira) lakuya masentimita 20. M'nyengo yotentha, patatha masiku 10, nthaka imamasulidwa ndikuya masentimita 15 mpaka 20 ndikuchotsa udzu munthawi yomweyo.

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, ndikudzaza dothi ndi feteleza, kufunika kwa umuna sikumabuka, koma kenako amakakamizika. Zowona, ziyenera kukhala pazigawo za kukula ndi kakulidwe ka maluwa: woyamba umachitika mchaka, kumayambiriro kwa kukula, chachiwiri - pa nthawi ya kuphukira, chachitatu - mutatha maluwa ndipo musanayambe kukula, wachinayi - pamaso pa mphukira. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mutadulira tchire, feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 1 m2: ammonium nitrate kapena ammonium sulfate - 20, superphosphate - 30, mchere wa potaziyamu - 10 g Pothira feteleza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta kuchokera pakuwerengera komweko: nitroammophoski - 40-45 nitrofoski - 30-40, nayitrogeni phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza wokhala ndi ma microelements - 30- 40, "zatsopano" 20-16-10- 40-50, feteleza wosakaniza "Duwa" - 30-40 g, madzi ovuta a feteleza ZhKU - 1 kapu yankho mu 10 l yamadzi oyera, ndi zina zambiri.

Chapakatikati, pamodzi ndi feteleza wam'migodi, humus imayambitsidwa: 5-6 kg / m2, popeza feteleza wa mchere, makamaka omwe amapezeka mu Mlingo wofunikira, akhoza kuletsa microflora m'nthaka. Pamaso kuvala pamwamba, komanso mutavala pamwamba, tchire la rose limathiriridwa ndimadzi oyera. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwakuya kwa feteleza pansi pa maluwa, chifukwa izi zitha kuwavulaza. M'chilimwe, maluwa amapatsa nkhuku ndowe, ndowe, phulusa. Nitrogen feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi. Mu Ogasiti, kuti tifulumizire kucha kwa mphukira, amangopereka potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, ndikuchepetsa kuthirira.

Duwa likukwera. © Julie

Chofunika kwambiri pakupanga maluwa ndikudulira kolondola, pokhapokha ndi chithandizo chake ndikotheka kuonetsetsa kukula kwa mphukira komanso maluwa ambiri. Imachitika mchaka, chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira. Kudulira kwa masika ndiye kwakukulu. Choyamba, chitsamba chimapanga. M'chilimwe, maluwa amayendetsedwa ndikudula maluwa okhazikika ndi zipatso zomwe zimamangidwa; nthawi yophukira, izi zimachitika asanasungire tchire nthawi yachisanu.

Kudulira kumatanthauza kuwonda komanso kufupikitsa masamba. Pali mitundu ingapo ya kudulira. Ndi kudulira kofowoka (kwanthawi yayitali), kokha mbali zam'mphepete zomwe zimadulidwa. Izi zimachitika makamaka m'mapaki ndi maluwa okwera, chifukwa ndi mwa iwo omwe mphukira zokhala ndi maluwa zimangokhalira kumtunda ndi pakati pa mphukira za chaka chatha. Ndi kudulira kwapakatikati (pang'ono pang'onopang'ono), masamba 5-7 amasiyidwa pa mphukira - izi makamaka zimakhudza maluwa okonza. Ndi kudulira kwamphamvu (kwakanthawi), masamba 2-3 amasiyidwa pa mphukira za maluwa okonza. Kudulira kotere kumachitika mu tiyi wosakanizidwa, polyanthus, magulu a maluwa a floribunda ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Akuwombera amadulidwa ndi secateurs lakuthwa 0,5-0.6 masentimita pamwamba pa impso yaying'ono ndi kukula kwa 45 °. Pamaso pa odulidwayo akuyenera kukhala osalala, osakhalira ndi ming'alu. Amaphimbidwa ndi var var vees.

Zomera zomezeredwa pansipa m'malo mwa kumalumikiza, komanso muzozimira zokhazokha, mphukira zamtchire zimawonekera pamtengo wonse, womwe umachotsedwa nthawi zonse.

Popeza maluwa akukulira ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda ambiri - powdery mildew, malo amdima, matenda "oyaka", anthracnose, imvi zowola, komanso matenda a mtima (atatu-myomycosis), ayenera kuchita njira zoyenera zopewera. Tizilombo tosokoneza kwambiri ta maluwa a maluwa amidzu timadula, ma ndulu, ndulu za rosacea, rosaceae, nthata za akangaude, ma roser, ndi zina zambiri.

Udindo waukulu kuteteza maluwa kuti asawonongeke komanso matenda amatithandizanso mwaukhondo komanso njira zodzitetezera - uku ndikuwonetsetsa mosamalitsa machitidwe a agrotechnical, komanso kudulira mwatsatanetsatane mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa muzomera, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pafupipafupi ndikukonzekera koyenera, kulowetsedwa kwazitsamba.

Hardness yozizira ya maluwa zimatengera gulu. Mwachitsanzo, tiyi Mafuta amodzi a tiyi komanso mitundu ina ya maluwa okwera sakhala olimba m'matope athu, chifukwa chake ayenera kuphimbidwa mosamala. Khola lolimba kwambiri (Floribunda, Miniature, Ground Cover) m'malo mopepuka. Mitundu ina yamaluwa a paki ('Pink Grotendoorst', 'Persiana') sayenera kukhala ndi inshuwaransi. Munthu amangodabwitsidwa chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo komanso maluwa ambiri m'nyengo yotentha.

Pakati ndi kumpoto kwa iyo, maluwa ambiri amafunika malo ogona nthawi yozizira ndi kutentha kwa iwo nthawi yozizira - kuchokera 0 mpaka -4 ° C komanso nthawi yabwino kupatsirana. Maluwa a Shelter amayamba mu theka lachiwiri la Okutobala (osati kale), i.e. pokhapokha chisanu choyamba; mphukira zosapsa ndi masamba zimachotsedwa, ndipo zokhwima zimafupikitsidwa. Pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi Bordeaux madzi (1%) kapena iron sulfate (3%), maluwa amaphimbidwa ndi 15-20 masentimita kenako, m'malo ozizira, ophimbidwa.

Malo abwino kwambiri pogona ndi mpweya. Chingwe chachitsulo cha 50-60 masentimita chimakhazikitsidwa pamwamba pa maluwa .. Magetsi amaikemo zinthuzo - pepala lama hydrothermal insulin kapena galasi, matabwa opangidwa ndi makatoni, ndipo amaphimbidwanso ndi filimu ya pulasitiki pamwamba. Chofunika kwambiri, iyenera kukhala youma pansi pogona, ndi mpweya wokhazikika pansi pa chimango kuti muteteze mbewu ku hypothermia.

Maluwa okwera, stamba ndi theka akukwera pansi amawumbidwa pansi, wokutidwa ndi fir spruce kuchokera pamwamba ndi pansi, ndipo pokhapokha ndi pepala ndi filimu. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi ya thaws, malo omwe amakhala pansi pachitetezo ayenera kupatsidwamo, nthawi ndi nthawi kutsegula gawo lake. Mpaka nthaka itanyowa kwathunthu ndipo chisanu atayimitsa, maluwa ali pansi pa filimuyo, ndiye kuti "amatulutsidwa" ndikuchepetsa.

Kukwera kudakwera, kalasi "Angela". © T.Kiya

Malo

Maluwa ndi ofunda komanso okhala ndi zithunzi zambiri, chifukwa chake, podzala, malo ake amasankhidwa lotseguka, kuwunikiridwa ndi dzuwa ndikutetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira. Kusayenda kosavomerezeka kwa mpweya wozizira, komanso kuthilira ndi kusungunula madzi, madzi akulu. Kupezeka kwa madzi apansi panthaka sikuyenera kukhala kosaposa mamita 1-1.5. Chinyontho chowonjezera chimachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zam'madzi.

Dothi

Malo abwino kwambiri a maluwa ndi dothi lolemera louma, lopumikizika, lamadzi, pang'ono acid (pH 5.8-6.5). Nthaka amawakonzera iwo m'dzinja kapena osachepera mwezi umodzi asanadzalidwe mu masika. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulima dothi lakuya masentimita 50-60. Manyowa, humus kapena peat kompositi 300-400 g la laimu, 400-500 g wa mafupa chakudya, 40-50 g wa superphosphate, 150-200 g wa phulusa la nkhuni umayikidwa 1 m² wa wosanjikiza kuti athandizidwe. . Kukumba dothi, kusakanikirana ndi feteleza, ndipo zinthu zadothi zosakaniza m'dothi zisakhale zosaposa 50%. Mulingo wofanana wa feteleza amawerengedwa kuchokera pakuwunika kwa dothi. Zabwino zonse zofunika michere ya maluwa ziyenera kusamalidwa motere, mg mg pa 100 g nthaka: nayitrogeni - 10-20 (NH4NO3), phosphorous (P2O5) - 60-80, potaziyamu (K2) - 80-100, calcium (CaO) - 720.

Rose chikasu, kalasi "Graham Thomas". © jardins-sans-secre

Kuswana

Onani njira zingapo zofalitsira maluwa - kudula, kugawa, kugawa chitsamba, ana muzu, Ankalumikiza.

Kudula

Mukamalumikiza, mbewu zopanga mizu zimapezeka zomwe zimakhala ndi mwayi wophatikiza maluwa - sizikhala ndi mphukira zamizu. Koma palinso opanda - mizu yake ndi yokhwima kwambiri komanso yolimbana ndi chisanu pang'ono. Maluwa omwe ali ndi ake amafunika kukhala ophimbidwa bwino nthawi yozizira kapena osungidwa m'chipinda chapansi m'zaka zochepa za moyo.

Zidutswa zobiriwira zimakonzedwa munthawi ya masamba, pomwe mphukira zimachepetsa. Zodulidwa zokhala ndi impso ziwiri zimadulidwa, kudula kotsika ndi oblique, mbali yowongoka, 1 masentimita pamwamba pa impso. Zodulidwa zimathandizidwa ndi mizu yopanga mizu ndipo zobzalidwa pansi pa kanema mumchenga kapena perlite mpaka kuya kwa 2 cm pakona. Masamba apansi azichotsedwa kwathunthu, omwe ali kumtunda ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu. Kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha kuyenera kukhala 22-25 ° C, chinyezi 80-90%. Wobiriwira sayenera kukhala padzuwa. Kukula kwa masamba ndi kukula kwa masamba ndichizindikiro kuti mizu yaonekera. Kuyambira pano, muyenera kusintha maluwa pang'onopang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimasungidwa kutentha kwa 2-4 ° C.

Kudula nkhuni kukolola mu kugwa pamene kudulira maluwa. Ayenera kutalika masentimita 15 mpaka 20, amachotsa masamba, kuwamanga m'mitolo, kuwakutira mu burlap ndikuwasunga mumchenga wonyowa pa kutentha kwa 1-2 ° C. Mu Epulo, kudula kumabzalidwa pansi pa kanema, ndikusiya masamba awiri pamwamba pa nthaka. Mukazika mizu, mbewu pang'onopang'ono amazolowera mpweya wabwino. Mu nthawi yophukira, maluwa aang'ono amakumbidwa ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa 2-4 ° C mpaka kasupe wotsatira.

Tiyi inanyamuka, kalasi “TiffanyT

Kugawanitsa

Gawoli la tchire ndi njira yoberekera kukwera muzu, paki, maluwa pang'ono. Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, masamba asanaphukire, masamba amapukutidwa ndikugawidwa kuti mizu ikhalebe m'chigawo chilichonse. M'chaka choyamba, ndibwino kuti muchotse masamba ndi kuteteza mbewu kuti isaphukire bwino kuti zithere bwino komanso nthawi yachisanu.

Ana ozika mizu - Mitundu ndi maluwa a paki amapanga ana ambiri. Amakula mwachangu ndipo posachedwa amapanga mphukira zatsopano. Pakatha chaka, zibzalidwe pamalo okhazikika.

Kuyika

Kumayambiriro koyambirira, amasankha kuwombera pachaka, khungwa laling'ono limapangidwa kumaso (gawo lomwe likhala mobisa). Mphukira imayikidwa pansi ndi 10 cm ndikuthirira. Mapeto a mphukira ayenera kukhala pamwamba pamtunda. Chaka chamawa, chomera chaching'ono chimabzalidwe. Mwanjira imeneyi, maluwa onse amakulitsidwa, makamaka kukwera ndi chivundikiro pansi.

Katemera

Pakulumikiza, chitsa chakukula kuchokera ku njere kapena kudulidwa kwa chiuno cha rose kumatengeka ndi kumezanitsa. Pazifukwa izi, duwa lokwinya (Rosa rugosa) kapena galu (Rosa canina) ndiloyenera. Iwo ndi chisanu osagwira chilala, cholimba, chokhala ndi mizu yolimba.

Katemera ndi eyelet (budding), amatenga katundu, kuyeretsa muzu kuchokera pansi ndikupanga mawonekedwe okhala ndi T, mzere wozungulira womwe uyenera kukhala wa 2,5 cm, komanso wokhazikika - 1 cm.

Mphukira yolumikizidwa imasankhidwa kuchokera pakatikati pa mphukira yakucha ndipo chidutswa cha khungwa lomwe limakhala ndi tulo lodulidula limadulidwa kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba (ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono ka mitengo yomwe imachotsedwa). Chishango chokhala ndi impso chimayikidwa mu T-mawonekedwe owoneka ngati T, gawo lakumwamba la chishalo limatuluka ndipo limadulidwa. Chishango ndi malo ophatikiza ndizomata bwino ndi filimu yophukira. Impso iyenera kukhala yopanda kuwongolera. Ngati pakadatha masabata atatu impso sinasinthe, koma kukhala yobiriwira komanso kutupa, ndiye kuti budding idachita bwino. Nthawi zambiri, budding imachitika mkati mwa Julayi. Mu nthawi yophukira, tsamba la katemera limasanjidwa; kumapeto kwa chakumapeto, gawo la kumtunda limadulidwatu pamwamba pamalowo ndipo filimuyo imachotsedwa. Kenako pangani ndi kusamalira chomera monga mwa nthawi zonse.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Maluwa amatengeka kwambiri ndi matenda monga imvi zowola, powdery mildew, downy mildew, dzimbiri, matenda oyaka, tsamba. Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono tambiri ta maluwa amtundu wa maluwa ndi aphidisi, masamba am'mimba ndi ma cicadas, nthata, ndulu, nthata za rosacea, nthata za akangaude, ndi zina zambiri.

Powdery mildew

Zimakhudza maluwa pamalo otseguka komanso otsekeka. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amadziwonekera theka lachiwiri la chilimwe ndipo amafalikira mofulumira kuzomera zoyandikana. Masamba, mphukira ndi masamba ophimbidwa ndi utoto wampheyera yoyera, wopindika ndi wouma. Powdery mildew amachita mosiyanasiyana pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya maluwa. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba okhuthala, achikuda sizikhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa masamba owonda.Mitengo yofesedwa, chinyezi chambiri, feteleza wochuluka wa nayitrogeni, kusowa kwa mandimu m'nthaka kumathandizira kufalitsa matendawa. Potseguka, maluwa amalimbikitsidwa kuti akhazikitsidwa bwino. Mukugwa, mbali zonse zathanzi zimadulidwa ndikuchotsedwa, dothi limakumbidwa kwambiri. Mabasi amawaza ndi mankhwala. Kumayambiriro kasupe (mpaka masamba ataphuka) mbewu zimaperekedwa ndi yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate (100 g wa mankhwalawa umaphatikizidwa mu 10 l madzi). Pazizindikiro zoyambirira zamatenda, tchire limathandizidwa ndi Topaz (4 ml yovinikidwa mu malita 10 a madzi) kapena Skor (2 ml pa 10 malita a madzi). Kuwaza koyenera "Grey colloid" (40 g pa malita 5 a madzi).

Dzimbiri

Zomera zakhudzidwa, mapira ang'onoang'ono a malalanje achikasu amawoneka pamasamba ndi mphukira. Matendawa amafalikira ndi fungal spores. Mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhudzidwa mosiyanasiyana: yosakhazikika - yokhala ndi masamba-ofiira komanso chosasinthika, komanso yogonjetsedwa - tiyi wosakanizidwa, polyanthus ndi maluwa okwera. Popewa matendawa, ndikofunikira, pomwe zizindikirika zoyamba za matendawa, kupopera mankhwalawa ndi "Khom" (40 g pa 10 l yankho la madzi pa 100 sq. M).

Azid aphid

Zikhazikika m'malire a masamba achichepere, mphukira ndi masamba. Tizilombo timayamwa timadziti, timapangitsa kuti mbewuzo zifooke, masamba ndi kufinya. Aphid amaswana mwachangu. Kutchire kumapereka mibadwo ingapo. Kuletsa nsabwe za m'masamba, mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala tsiku lililonse la 10-12. Kuti muchite izi, imwani mankhwalawa "Iskra" (10 g pa 10 malita a madzi) kapena mankhwalawa "Karbofos" (60 g pa 10 malita a madzi), kapena mankhwala "Fitoverm" (2 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Maluwa amawaza ngati nsabwe za m'mimba zimawonekera. Kudzola mankhwalawa kumatha kubwerezedwanso patatha masiku 7-10.

Spider mite

Imawonongera maluwa nthawi yotentha, youma. Amakhala pansi patsamba, akumayamwa msuzi. Masamba amawuma ndikugwa. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa "Agrovertin" (2 ml wothira mu madzi okwanira 1 litre), 1 lita imodzi yothetsera imadyedwa pa 10 mraba. m. Wokhala ndi nthawi yokulira limodzi ndi masiku 20. Kapenanso amalavulira ndi kukonzekera kwa Fitoverm (2 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre, yankho lokwanira pokonzekera 10 sq. M). Spray pomwe tizirombo tikuwoneka. Nthawi yayitali pakati pa mankhwala ndi masiku 7 mpaka 10. Chiwerengero cha mankhwalawa sichichulukanso ziwiri. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kukonzekera "Colloidal sulfure" (40 g pa 10 l yamadzi, kuthamanga kwa yankho ndi 1 l pa 5 baka).

Kalata ya Rosette

Amphaka amphaka amadya m'mphepete mwa masamba. Ndi zowonongeka zazikulu, chitsamba chonse chimawululidwa. Zomera zimapoperedwa ndi mankhwala "Spark" (piritsi 1 pa 10 malita a madzi), ndikugwiritsa ntchito yankho lake pa 50 lalikulu mamilimita. m

Nutcracker Beetles

Mphutsi za Wireworm zimadya mizu, masamba a maluwa kapena kuluma mkati. Mawayilesi amapanga ma hygrophilous. Chapakatikati amasonkhana panthaka, ndipo ikapendekeka, imira pansi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amatenga matenda ophera tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi udzu wamuyaya, makamaka udzu wa tirigu. Nthaka yomwe ili ndi matendawa imathandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa Bazudin, kuyiyika m'nthaka ndi mphukira zambiri (15-20 g za ufa pa 10-15 sq. M.).