Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa kuti kuchokera masamba owuma a chomera chotchedwa bwato, konzani tiyi wokoma kwambiri, onunkhira ndipo, koposa zonse, amachiritsa tiyi. Chifukwa cha umbuli, wamaluwa ambiri ndi olima dimba amataya masamba owuma awa.
Tiyi yotere ku Altai (komwe kunabadwira badan) imatchedwa Chigirsky, ku Siberia idapatsidwa dzina lina - Chimongolia. Ndi isanayambike masika, masamba oundana ndi chipale chofewa ndikukhala ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe kuchiritsa katundu. Chifukwa chake, tiyi wachilendo uyu amatha kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchiritsa matenda ambiri, komanso ali ndi katundu wabwino kwambiri. Osati kale kwambiri, masamba owuma a chomera chabwinochi amatha kugula mumsika momasuka. Masamba obiriwira mwatsopano sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tiyi wamankhwala, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza kabichi (m'malo mwa masamba a kabichi).
Mukalawa zakumwa zabwinozi, mufunanso kudzipangira nokha zonunkhira, zomwe ndizophweka, chifukwa mbewu iyi ndi yopanda tanthauzo, komanso kuthanso udzu womera udzu kuzungulira. Mukayamba masika, muyenera kungotola masamba otsala, kutsuka ndi kuwapukuta, kenako mutha kupanga tiyi wokoma kwa iwo. Masamba oterowo amasungidwa m'matumba a Canvas. Mwa njira, chakumwa ichi chitha kuledzera pafupifupi zaka zilizonse. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chifanizo cha zofukizachi chili ndi mphamvu zochiritsa; mafuta opaka ndi mankhwala okonzedweratu adakonzedwa kuchokera pamenepo.
Badan ndi wobiriwira nthawi zonse osatha ndipo ndi wa banja la Saxifragidae. Sili ndi katundu wochiritsa kokha, komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Mtengowu umatchedwanso Bergenia (lat. Bergenia), ndipo umatchedwa dzina la katswiri wazachipatala wa ku Germany ndi dokotala Karl Bergen.
Chomerachi chimakhala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino ofanana ndi maluwa okongoletsedwa pang'ono. Amayikidwa pa ma peduncles, pomwe timapepala timasowa kwathunthu. Mu inflorescence imodzi, pali maluwa pafupifupi 120 (okulirapo) masentimita awiri). Masamba ake akuluakulu obiriwira ofanana ndi makutu a njovu amasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette yoyambira. Ndi chifukwa chake nthawi zina amatchedwa "makutu a njovu." Chomerachi chimatha kuwonjezera zopindika pakupanga kwamunda uliwonse. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyimbo ndi mbewu zopapatiza komanso zopindika monga arabis, hosta kapena phlox. Amawonekanso bwino, kuphatikiza ndi miyala ndi dziwe laling'ono.
Pali mitundu 10 yokha ya zofukizira, ndipo yambiri mwa iyo ndioyenera kukula m'mundamo. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kumwa tiyi wa mankhwalawa kuchokera ku chomera ichi, ndiye kuti muyenera kubzala lubani. Kuti mubzale, muyenera kusankha malo okhala ndi mthunzi, makamaka osati kutali ndi mitengo, kapena, m'malo ake. Ngati yayikidwa m'malo otentha, ndiye kuti zofukizazo zimakula kwambiri, ndikukula kwake kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
Dothi labwino kwambiri, lotayirira, lonyowa, komanso lamchere pang'ono ndiloyenera kubzala mabulosi; chifukwa mizere yake yopingasa, yokhwima ndi yofooka. Ali pafupi kwambiri ndi dothi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri osalola kuti nthaka iume kapena kuti isungunuke. Mu nyengo zakutchire, mizu yake imatetezedwa ndi masamba adagwa, chifukwa imalowetsa dothi, ndikuthandizira kuteteza chinyontho mu nyengo yowuma kwambiri, ndipo imatetezanso nthaka kuti isasungidwe ndi madzi nthawi yamvula yambiri. Mukadzala m'minda, masamba owuma awa amachotsedwa mu April, monga zinyalala kapena zinthu zina - monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, mizu imalandidwa ndikukutetezedwa kwachilengedwe.
Badan amadziwika ndi kukula kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mumabzala ochepa mphukira pafupi ndi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, amaphimba pansi panthaka. Masamba ambiri obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ochokera kumizu yaying'ono ya mizu ya amayi. Pachifukwa ichi, zofukizazi zimachepetsa kukula kwa udzu pafupi ndi iwowo ndipo kuti udzuwo suyenera.
Zofukizira zisanu zokhala ndi zofukiza zobiriwira zakuda zimasankhidwa kuchokera pachivundikiro cha chisanu kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Amakula msanga, ndipo kale m'masabata omaliza a Epulo kapena oyamba - mu Meyi, maluwa akuyamba, omwe amakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Maluwa ake amatengedwa ndimakankhidwe ndipo pamapale awo pamakhala zokutira pang'ono za sera. Maluwa onunkhira amapaka utoto wofiirira, ofiira owala, pinki kapena oyera. Ziwonetsero zochititsa chidwi izi zimakwera pamwamba pa masamba a masamba okongoletsera. Mu nthawi yophukira, masamba awa amakhala a bulauni-lilac kapena mkuwa wowala, ndipo amakhalabe otero mpaka kumapeto. Badan amatha kuphuka kawiri pachaka, ndipo maluwa achiwiri amapezeka mu Ogasiti kapena Seputembala.
Kuswana
Propaganda ikhoza kugawa chitsamba kapena mbewu.
Momwe mungakulire lubani kuchokera ku mbewu
Kufesa mbewu zichitike koyambirira kwa Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunika kukonzekera bokosi lamatanda (kukula 50x70 masentimita), ndikuthira mmalo mwake malo ogulidwa a maluwa. Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'minda yopanda theka la sentimita, yomwe ili pa mtunda wa masentimita atatu kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Choyamba, ma geno amenewa amathiridwa mosamala ndimadzi ofunda, kenako amawaza mbewu pang'ono. Ikani bokosilo moloza pang'ono, pamalo otentha (kutentha mkati mwa 18-18 degrees). Kutsirira kumachitika mwadongosolo. Zikumera, monga lamulo, zimawonekera patatha milungu itatu. Ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi amatha kuchepera. Kubzala mbande kumachitika m'masiku oyambilira a June.
Mabowo osaya (mpaka masentimita 6) amapangidwa pamalo otseguka, ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziyika pamalo oyimitsidwa a 40x40 centimeter. Choyamba, mchenga wochepa umathiridwa mu dzenje lirilonse, kenako osakaniza wapadziko lapansi wopangidwa ndi humus, loamy ndi soddy nthaka, komanso mchenga wosakanizidwa ndi chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 2: 1. Kukula kwa mbeu kumachepetsa kwambiri. Isanayambike nyengo yozizira, monga lamulo, iwo amawonekera masamba awiri okwanira ndipo izi ndizabwinobwino. Kwa chisanu choyamba, mabulosi amayenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba a peat kapena masamba. Zaka zotsatila, izi sizifunikanso. Chomera ichi chimaphukira zaka 3 kapena 4 mutabzala.
Zambiri pofalitsa zofukiza pogawa chitsamba
Njira yofalitsira zonunkhira ndi yosavuta. Pakakulidwa, mizu yatsopano imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi dothi, chifukwa chake imatha kukumbidwa mosavuta popanda kuwononga rhizome ya mayi. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imafalitsidwa mu Meyi kapena June. Pa magawo azikhala masamba atatu ndi masamba atatu. Kubzala mizu olekanitsidwa kumachitika mu maenje okhala akuya masentimita 10-15, ndikuyika masentimita 30-50 wina ndi mnzake. Anabzala Delenki ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Gawani chitsamba chofukizira sayenera kupitirira nthawi imodzi mu 4 kapena 5 zaka. Nthawi yomweyo, musaiwale kuti duwa limakula m'lifupi, ndipo limafunikira danga lalikulu laulere.
Zosamalidwa
Kusamalira mbewuyi ndikophweka. Mu yophukira, ma inflorescence owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa kwa iwo, ndipo kasupe - masamba owota. Munthawi ya 1 pambuyo pobzala zofukiza, muyenera kuthira nthaka (ndi njira iliyonse yobala). Kutsirira kumachitika ngati kuli kofunikira, koma onetsetsani kuti palibe kudula kwa dzikolo. Komanso feteleza ayenera kuthira nthaka. Mu April tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe "Kemira Lux", ndipo chakumapeto - yankho la feteleza wa superphosphate (20 magalamu 10 pa 10 malita a madzi pa 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka).
Kumbukirani kuti zofukizazi ndizosasangalatsa kwambiri pozisintha, ndipo zimakula bwino ndikukula pamalo omwewo kwa zaka 10.
Mitundu yayikulu
Badan
Chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa theka la mita. Maluwa onunkhira amapaka utoto wakuda, ndipo masamba owala ndiwobiliwira. M'dzinja, masamba amasintha mtundu wake kukhala wofiirira.
Badan Pacific
Maluwa ake ooneka ngati belu adapakidwa utoto wowala wa lilac. Masamba ndi akulu (m'mimba mwake mpaka 20 cm), wozungulira mawonekedwe.
Badan wamtima
Kutalika kwa tchire, kutengera nyengo zomwe zikukula komanso mitundu yamera, ndikuchokera masentimita 20 mpaka 40. Maluwa amapaka utoto wa pinki, wofiirira, woyera kapena wofiirira. Ili ndi masamba osalala owoneka ngati mtima.
