Kuti mukule chomera chokoma ndi zokolola zabwino, muyenera kudziwa zovuta zina za kubzala ndi kusamalira beets panthaka. Chikhalidwechi chili ndi zaka ziwiri, koma ngati chikukula molakwika, mapangidwe azinthu amayambira, pomwe muzuwu sugwira ntchito kapena ungakhale wocheperako komanso woyipa. Pangani mitundu yopanga mozungulira mitu ndi zipatso zokulilidwa. Beets ndi tebulo, zakudya ndi shuga. Mtundu wa muzu wa tebulo sungangokhala burgundy, nthawi zina mitundu yokhala ndi mtundu wina imapezeka. Pali mitundu yamtundu wa masamba.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi komanso kufesa mbewu
Beetroot amakonda nthaka yachonde koma yosalowerera ndale. Chifukwa chake, bedi lakumunda limakonzedwa mu kugwa. Zotsogola zabwino kwambiri ndi mbewu zomwe zimafuna chonde m'nthaka. Kungakhale anyezi, nkhaka, tomato. Simungathe kubzala beets mutapanda kufalikira, chifukwa zimakhala ndi tizirombo wamba. Bedi liyenera kupangidwa zaka zapitazo. Asanabzale, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu potaziyamu amaphatikizidwamo m'nthaka. Pa chonde, zinthu zokwanira humus, zomwe zimapangidwa ndikuwonjezera kompositi kapena humus, ndizofunikira.
Manyowa atsopano sawonjezeredwa pabedi pansi pamizu. Beetroot imathandizira feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi kuisunga muzu. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka sikovomerezeka.
Dziko lapansi limasulidwa kwambiri ndikudulidwamo ndi mizere yotalikilapo masentimita 25. Mbewu zimayikidwa mtunda wa masentimita 9 mpaka 10. Kuchokera pamwambapa, zimakonkhedwa mpaka mainchesi awiri, dothi limanyowa. Nthochi zimawonekera mu sabata ngati mbewu yodzibzala isanachitike.
Mbeu za Beet zimasonkhanitsidwa mumiyendo ndipo pamwamba pake mumakhala chipolopolo wamba, chomwe chimayenera kuwonongedwa kuti chithandizire kumera. Amawanyowa mu phulusa la phulusa, mu zolimbikitsira, ndikutsatira kumera. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewu imakhala chonyowa kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewu zimafalikira, ndipo kumera kwake m'nthaka kumachitika mwachangu.
Kuchokera pamutu, mpaka mbande zisanu zitha kuoneka. Chifukwa chake, mbewuzo zitamera, mbewuzo zimayenera kupukutidwa, ndikusiya mphukira imodzi yamphamvu kuchokera ku glomerulus. Pali njere za njere imodzi, ndipo chidziwitsochi chidalembedwa pamaphukusi. Momwe mungabzala beets, mtunda wautali, zimatengera chisamaliro china. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi mabulangete, beets imabzalidwa nthawi zambiri kuti muchepetse ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambirira.
Chisamaliro cha Beet Chilimwe
Kuti mukulitse mbewu yanu yokoma ndi zipatso zambiri, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira:
- kufesa pa nthawi yabwino;
- kuthirira koyenera zomera;
- Udzu ndi kuteteza tizilombo;
- chomera.
Ngati beets adapangidwa kuti azilandira zinthu zogulitsa pamsika yozizira, simuyenera kuthamangira ndi kufesa. Nthaka iyenera kutenthetsedwa ndi madigiri 10, mbande siziyenera kugwa pansi pozizira, apo ayi beets adzadziwombera. Chifukwa chake, kufesa kumayamba pomwe kutentha kosatha kumatsimikiziridwa kwa mbande zazing'ono.
Kudera lililonse, kutentha kumakhalapo nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ku Ukraine, kufesa kumatha kukhala mu Epulo, m'chigawo cha Moscow mkatikati mwa Meyi, kum'mawa kwa Siberia kumapeto kwa Meyi. Mukakulitsa beets, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingathandize kukulira mbewu yofatsa.
Beets okha amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi mchere wamba patebulo. Nthawi yomweyo imakhala yofewa komanso yokoma. Kulongosola kwa chodabwitsachi kumachokera komwe mbewuyo idachokera. Ku Mediterranean, kwakhala kukuwombedwa kwazaka zambiri kukhala ngati nyanja zam'madzi, zamchere wamchere, ndipo kwakhala chomera chofunikira m'thupi.
Pambuyo pa kupatulira, mbewuzo zimathiriridwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa feteleza kuti chitukuko chithe msanga. Zomwe mungadyetse beets mukukula zimasankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri. Izi zitha kukhala kulowetsedwa kwazitsamba ndi lunguzi, potaziyamu nitrate kapena urea. Aliyense wa feteleza woperekedwa ali ndi nayitrogeni.
Masamba atapangidwa 6-7 kutuluka, kuvala kanyumba kokhala ndi ma microelements kuyenera kuchitika, kofunika kwambiri kwa beets kudzakhala boron. Ngati beetroot imakula bwino asanaonjezere nayitrogeni, amasankha zomwe angadyetse atatha kusanthula nthaka. Ndizotheka kuti chilengedwe cha acidic chimasokoneza kuyamwa kwa zinthu. Ambulansi pamenepa ndiye kuyambitsa phulusa.
Kusowa kwa boron m'nthaka kuyenera kubwezeretsedwanso. Zizindikiro zakusowa kwa chinthucho chizikhala nthangala - mapangidwe akuda pamizu. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la 5 g wa boric acid pa 10 malita a madzi kumateteza mbewu za muzu kuchokera zolakwika.
Chipatso chikapanga kukula kwa mtedza, kuvalanso kwachiwiri kumachitika, ndi feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu. Zomwe mungadyetse beets mu Julayi zimasankhidwa potengera zomwe zimafunika pakukula kwa mbeuyo. Chiyambireni pakupanga kwa mbewu ya muzu, mavalidwe aliwonse pamwamba ndi kuphatikizika kwa mankhwala a nayitrogeni sayenera kupatula. Chitsanzo cha kavalidwe kabwino kotere ndi feteleza wa Agricola-4. Potere, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika popanda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuchokera pakumera pafupi ndi mbewu, osanyowetsa tsamba. Mavalidwe aliwonse apamwamba amachitidwa panthaka yonyowa mutathirira.
Nthawi zina funso limabuka, momwe madzi amapezeka poyambira. Zomera sizimera bwino chinyezi. Kuthirira kwambiri dothi louma kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira kuthirira kwa madzi kumafunikira pakukonkha ndi madzi okwanira malita 20 pamadzi kamodzi. Pakati, kuthirira sabata iliyonse kumafunikira, komwe kumayimitsidwa masabata awiri isanakolole.
Tizilombo ta matenda ndi tizirombo
Masamba a thanzi labwino amakhala ndi kunyezimira, kopanda banga. Maonekedwe a uncharacteristic chlorotic mawonekedwe, mawanga owuma akuwonetsa kuti ndi nthawi yopanga mankhwala a foliar pokonzekera fungicidal. Kupewa pogwiritsa ntchito Fitosporin kapena Bordeaux kusakaniza ndi 1% ndizabwino kwambiri.
Tizilombo timayambitsa zowononga zambiri:
- utoto wa beetroot;
- nematode ndi ma waya;
- yozizira ndi kabichi scoops.
Kuwongolera tizirombo kumatiphatikiza njira yosankhira tizirombo kuchokera padziko lapansi, njira zachilengedwe komanso njira zamankhwala. Kugwiritsira ntchito repellents popanga mbewu ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopewa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira m'nthaka kuloleza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kubwezeretsanso tokha popanda kugwiritsa ntchito umagwirira. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pafupipafupi monga Radiance ndi EM-1 Baikal kuthandizira kukulitsa chitetezo chomera ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, filimuyi imapangidwa pamasamba omwe amaletsa kulowa kwa spores ndi punctures.
Kodi kuyeretsa beets kuti isungidwe komanso liti?
Zofunika kwambiri ndi mbewu zazing'anga zazing'onoting'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simuyenera kuthamangira kufesa mbewu. Kukula kwa beets kumakula, kumapangitsa kuti fayiloyo izikhala yambiri. Chotsani beets kuti chisanu, chifukwa muzu wothirira simalola kutentha kwa subzero ndipo sungakhale woyenera kusunga. Ndipo zamoyo za mmerowo nchakuti mizu yake imamera pamwamba. Chifukwa chake, amachotsa beets koyambirira.
Masamba amamasulidwa ku petioles popanda mpeni mwa kupotoza nsonga. Wodulidwa ndi mpeni amawuma kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo msuzi wambiri umasiya muzu wambiri kuposa kupotoza mosiyanasiyana. Dziko lapansi limawuma komanso kupukuta bwino bwino popanda kusokoneza khungu lowonda. Zipatso zowonongeka sizoyenera kusungidwa. Mutha kusunga beets m'bokosi lokhala ndi mchenga komanso pamwamba pa mbatata. Amatenga chinyezi chambiri m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
