Nandolo chilimwe chonse

Zomera zamasamba ngati nandolo zimapezeka m'munda uliwonse. Koma tikudziwa chiyani za iye? Chowonadi chakuti ndi cha nyemba, chimatha kudziunjikira nayitrogeni m'miyendo yake, chimakonda kumamatira ndi tinyanga tokomira ... Ndipo, mwina, ndizo zonse! Komabe, chikhalidwe ichi sichosangalatsa monga chimawonekera poyamba, chifukwa chake nandolo siziyenera kukhala zongokulirapo, komanso zoyesedwa.

Nandolo m'matumba. © Bill Ebbesen

Kodi nandolo ndi chiyani?

Poganizira nandolo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ichi ndi chomera chapachaka chokhala ndi tsinde losavuta kapena lopanda nthambi yotalika mpaka masentimita 250. Zina mwa mitundu yake zimakhala ndi chitsamba (kapena bole), zina zimagona. Pali kusiyana pakati pa chipatso, kukula kwake, mtundu wake. Koma chosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ife wamaluwa ndichoti nandolo masheya (amatchedwanso dimba) shuga ndi shuga (kapena chodzaza).

Ma Shelling mitundu Zimasiyanitsa kupezeka mkati mwa nyemba, zomwe zimatchedwa zikopa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyemba zosankhazi zizikhala zowuma komanso zosayenera kudya. Komabe, nandolo zamtunduwu zimasweka bwino, peel mosavuta, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala a nandolo, zimasungidwa bwino ndipo zimakulidwa kuti zithe kumera ndi kuzizira, kapena nandolo zobiriwira.

Nandolo. © Amy Stafford

At mitundu ya shuga zikopa sizikupezeka, pakukhwima muukadaulo, nyemba zosankhira zobiriwira, zopanda mtundu wopera, motero zimadyedwa kwathunthu. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatsozi zimayamba kuchuluka. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya shuga imadziwika kuti ndi yocheperako, yomwe imakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono komanso nandolo zazing'ono kwambiri.

Nayi nandolo ilinso ndi chikopa chokhala ndi zikopa, koma chimafotokozedwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo chimawoneka bwino mu nyemba zokhwima bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndibwino kudziwa kuti nandolo zimagawikana ndi mawonekedwe ambewu mozungulira, makwinya (ubongo) ndi kusintha. Gulu lachitatu limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ampira a nandolo okhala ndi makwinya kapena malo osalala. Nandolo zaubongo zili ndi zokonda kwambiri - mpaka 9%, zimachokera ku zomwe zimapanga zamzitini ndi zokumbira zomwe zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri.

Pali zosiyana pakukhwima koyambirira komanso kukana kutentha kwapansi. Ngati mukufuna kuyambitsa mbewu ya pea mwachangu, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mitundu yoyambira yosalala kwambiri. Amakhala olimbana ndi zovuta zomwe zimatha kufesedwa ngakhale mu February. Nthawi yomweyo, mbande zake zimawoneka pamwamba pamtunda kale pamtunda wa +4 - 7 ° С ndipo zimatha kupirira chisanu mpaka - 6 ° С.

Ngati pali chikhumbo choti nandolo ikhale yayikulu komanso yokoma, ndikofunikira kusankha mitundu yamtundu waubongo. Amabwera nthawi zakupanga ndipo amatha kubzala kuti azikolola nthawi yonse yotentha. Mwambiri, nandolo amagawidwa poyambirira, koyambirira, ndi mitundu yayikulu yokolola komanso mochedwa.

Nandolo. © Amy Stafford

Pea ikukula

Tisanalankhule za momwe tingakwaniritsire mbewu ya pea nyengo yonse yachilimwe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mbewu ili ndi njira zake zachikale zokulira.

Kukonzekera koyamba

Yoyamba ndikuwona mbewu za nandolo. Chifukwa chakuti nyemba zimatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa kuti ziwonongeke, ziyenera kunyowa tisanabzala. Njira yophweka iyi, simalola kuzindikira nandolo zosakhazikika, imalepheretsa kuberekanso "alendo" pamabedi anu, komanso kumathandizanso kumera kwa mbewu. Nthawi yomweyo, simuyenera kudikirira kuti mizu ikhale, kuti mubzale m'nthaka muyenera kumangomanga nyemba zathanzi zathanzi, popanda chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha kupezeka kwa tizirombo pansi pa khungu.

Zilowerere nandolo musanabzale. © Kalli

Kubzala nandolo panja

Chachiwiri. Ngakhale kuti nandolo siziopa nyengo yozizira, ndipo olima m'munda amabzala mitundu ina yotetezeka ngakhale panthaka yozizira, mitundu ya shuga imalimbikitsidwa kuti ibzalidwe m'nthaka pambuyo pake - poyambira nyengo yofunda, nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi (kutengera ndi nyengo yotentha). Koma simutha kudikirira kutentha kwambiri, popeza mphukira za chikhalidwe ichi sizingalekerere kutentha ndi kukhumudwa ndi kutayika kokwanira.

Chachitatu. M'pofunika kusankha malo abwino oyalidwa nandolo. Kubzala kuyenera kuchitika potsatira tepi yokhala ndi mizere iwiri, kusiya mtunda pakati pa matepi pafupifupi 50 cm, ndi pakati pa mizere - pafupifupi 40 cm kwa mitundu ya shuga ndi pafupifupi 20 cm kutchetcha. Nthawi yomweyo, njere zimatha kusanjidwa mzere m'malo mwamlingo, mtunda wa 4cm, chifukwa nandolo ndi chimodzi mwazomera zochepa zomwe zimapindula ndi makulidwe, zomwe zimapatsa mbewu kukula komanso kugwedezeka kwamizu. Kuzama kwa kuphatikizika kwa mbeu ndi 3 masentimita panthaka zolemera ndi mpaka masentimita 5 pamapapu.

Kubzala nandolo. © Kalli

Kuti muwonjezere nthawi yokolola ya nandolo, choyambirira, kufesa kuyenera kuchitidwa pakuwonjezera kwa masiku 10 (mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi), chachiwiri, sankhani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zakupsa, ndipo chachitatu, kutentha chikhalidwe kuthirira munthawi yake komanso mulching wapamwamba, popeza malo okwera komanso kuperewera kwa chinyezi chokwanira, kumachepetsa kukula kwa nyemba ndi kukula kwa mbeu.

Chisamaliro cha pea

Pali zofunika kuthirira.. Nandolo ndizosowa kwambiri chinyontho nthawi yamaluwa, nthawi imeneyi ndimathilira madzi osachepera 2 pa sabata, kapena kawiri kawiri, ndikuyang'ana nyengo. Musanafike maluwa, kuthirira kungakhale kopanda, koma zochulukirapo - kamodzi pa masiku 7. Pambuyo kuthirira ndi mvula yambiri, mizere ya nandolo iyenera kumasulidwa kuti ipangitse nthaka ndi mpweya. Ndipo, chabwino, musaiwale za mavalidwe apamwamba - apa mullein ikhoza kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri.

Kukula nandolo pa trellis. © Peter

Udindo wofunikira pakuchulukitsa zokolola umaseweredwa ndi chithandizo chomera choganiza bwino. Choyamba, zitha kuperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito malo okhuthala, chachiwiri, pogwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe zina zoyandikana nawo, ndipo chachitatu, zimaperekedwa m'njira zothandizira zapadera zopangidwa ndi grating, nthambi kapena ndodo. Izi zimapatsa nandolo kukula kwachilengedwe ndikuwathandiza kuti azimasuka, zomwe zimakhudza zokolola.

Ndipo, zoona, lamulo lina limodzi. Kuti nandolo yanu isachedwe kupangika nyemba zamatumba, ndikofunikira kutenga mbewuyo panthawi. Mutha kuchita izi ndi lumo, mutha kutsina pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi misomali yanu, koma (!) Osati kuyembekezera kuti nyembazo zimakhwima kwathunthu!

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nandolo ndi yakucha

Super Nandolo (yofesedwa kumapeto kwa February - Marichi):

Maloto, Pioneer (mitundu ya shuga);
Marvel Little, Feltham Choyamba, Weteya, Kelvedon Wonder (wopindika mitundu yosalala).

Nandolo zoyambirira:

Ambrosia, Ubwana Woyambirira, The Miracle of Kelvedon, Oscar (mitundu ya shuga);
Grasshopper, Patsogolo, Keke ya uchi, Hurst Green Shaft, Vera, Oyambirira Gribovsky 11 (mbewu zokulitsa).

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nandolo:

Zhegalova - 112, Shuga 2, Inexhaustible 195, Oregon, Sugar Oregon (mitundu ya shuga);
Alderman Senador, Mustachioed 5, ngale za Hawsky, chakudya cha ku Moscow, Wopambana G-33, Fragment (mitundu yamkaka).

Mochedwa mitundu ya pea (mpaka nthawi yoyamba kukolola ngati masiku 90, yofesedwa koyambirira):