Ntchito yovuta kwambiri pa "munda wamundawo" ndikakonzanso malowa, kugawika kwake kukhala mabedi, kukumba kwawo kwa nyundo. Kutsegulira, kubzala, kudzikongoletsa komanso kuthirira (ngakhale siyinso ntchito yosavuta kwa anthu okalamba) wamaluwa satha kuchita mantha, chifukwa ntchito izi zimawonjezeredwa munthawi yake, ndipo zimatha kupumira pang'ono panthawi yotentha. Momwe mungakonzere kanyumba kanyengo kuti chilinso chokongola, dimba loyera, ndi ntchito yokonza zachepetsedwa? Ndikupangira kupanga mabedi yopapatiza. Munkhaniyi ndikuwuzani momwe mabedi ang'onoang'ono amapulumutsira nzika za chilimwe kuchokera kuntchito yayikulu, ndikugawana nawo zomwe zidachitika.
Momwe ndimapangira mabedi ochepetsetsa ndikusinthira moyo wanga.
Chifukwa chiyani munda waukulu sunali kukolola kwakukulu
Zaka zambiri pazokongoletsa zamaluwa zawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mbewu zabwino siziperekedwa ndi dera lalikulu. Kudera laling'ono la mbewu kusamalidwa bwino ndikotheka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zokolola kuchokera ku chitsamba komanso kudera lonselo zidzakhala zazikulu komanso zabwino kwambiri zipatso. Zimatenga nthawi yokwanira 2-3 mphamvu ndi mphamvu kusamalira mbewu m'dera laling'ono.
Kukula kwa mbewu zingapo (mbewu 8-12) zokhala ndi malo akulu amabedi muukalamba ndi ntchito yayikulu. Ndili ndi zaka 77 ndipo mzaka 15 zapitazi ndakhala ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yocheperako pabedi langa. Zosavuta kwambiri ndipo sizifunikira ndalama zambiri komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira malire.
Njira yosavuta yopangira mabedi yopapatiza
Kuti musinthe dimba lanu lakale kuti likhale lopita patsogolo, muyenera kuyeza malo onse amalo. Gawani malo osungiramo mundawo, ndikugawa m'mabedi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi njira zazikulu. Kutalika kwa mabedi sikuyenera kupitirira 40-50 cm. Pakati pa mabedi ndikofunikira kusiya njira zazikulu - masentimita 80-120. Kutalika kwa mabedi kumatsutsana ndipo zimatengera kukhumba kwa eni. Mabedi amatumizidwa bwino kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera. Kukonzekera kumeneku kudzakulitsa kuwunikira kwa mbewu m'mabedi. Udzu wonse ndi zotsalira za mbewu za m'munda (zosakhudzidwa ndi matenda) zimatayidwa m'njira.
Mutha kusinthana zitunda zopyapyala ndi zaka 2-4. Pakati pa track yambirimbiri, sankhani bedi lopapatiza, ndikupanga mayendedwe osiyanasiyana kuchokera pamabedi otaika ndi mbali zamayendedwe. Pazaka zambiri, gulu lokwanira la mulch lopukutika limadzaza pa iwo maudzu, nsonga ndi masamba a mbewu zamunda.
Mabedi atsopano opsinjika 8-10 masentimita amatayidwa ndi owaza. M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka imagwedezeka, imakhala yofiyira, nthawi yophukira, kumasula kumabwerezedwa. Kukumba sikofunikira. Ngati si ntchito zonse (pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana) zomwe zidatsirizika munthawi yake, ndipo namsongoleyo atamera pamabedi ndi m'njira, amakulungidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti livunde.
Simungasinthe mabedi yopapatiza kuchokera kumalo kupita pamalowo, kenako njira zambiri zingabzalidwe ndi udzu waudzu: mtengo wamtengo wapatali, buluu wamtambo ndi zitsamba zina zosagwirizana ndi kupondaponda. Amabweza namsongole wamba, mabedi a udzu wobiriwira amapezeka.
Eni ake amathiramo timabatani tokhala ndi mapepala akale a plywood, odenga padenga kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa maudzu, ndipo kunali kosavuta kwambiri kugwira ntchito pabedi. Poterepa, namsongole omwe wadulidwa amasiyidwa mumapasalo pa kama.
Ngati pali nthawi ndi kuyeserera, mutha kuwaza mabedi ndikukweza mabedi pamwamba pa nthaka. Koma ntchitozi zimafunikira nthawi komanso zida. Kuphatikiza apo, pamtunda waulere, popanda mpanda, mbewu zimakula bwino.
Pansi pa zokolola zina, pakugwa, mabedi ang'onoang'ono amatha kubzala ndi manyowa obiriwira.
Chifukwa chiyani mabedi yopapatiza ndi abwino?
Pali njira yaulere yazomera pabedi lotere kuchokera mbali ziwiri. Ndiosavuta kukonza, kumasula, kubzala. Mutha kuchita izi mutakhala pabenchi pafupi ndi kama kapena kudutsa mutabzala zinthu zazikulu zodzala (mbatata, arbazheyki, zukini, nandolo, ndi zina zambiri)
Mkhalidwe umodzi wokhazikika: simungathe kuyenda pabedi kuti musayike nthaka. Ntchito yonse imagwiridwa kuchokera pamabatani ambiri pakati pa mabedi. M'mabatani ambiri, ntchito zothandizira zonse zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito zotengera, ma trolleys, zida zothandizira, popanda kugwira bedi.
Mbewu zimabzalidwa pabedi m'mizere iwiri yopitilira mbewu zazing'ono (anyezi wakuda, katsabola, radara, saladi, etc.). Pamabedi yopapatiza, kanjira kamatsalira kocheperako. Ndikabzala kotero, gawo lomera pamtunda la mbewu zam'munda lidzatseka nthaka yopanda kanthu.
Mwachitsanzo, pamabedi yopapatiza, mizere yolowera phwetekere yoyambirira imasiya 35x35 masentimita, ndipo yayitali, chitsamba chachikulu - 40x40 ndipo osaposa 50x50 masentimita, chifukwa cha kaloti - 5x5 cm. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono sitiposa 20x20 cm. Namsongole adzafa pansi pa zochuluka zobiriwira zokulira, Ndipo kumasula pafupipafupi sikofunikira kuti muphe namsongole. Kuphatikiza apo, chinyezi chimaphulika kudzera pamtunda wa masamba 20-25 nthawi yochepa poyerekeza kuchokera panthaka.
Kusintha kwa mbewu
M'nyengo yozizira, pali nthawi yokwanira yoganizira momwe kasinthidwe kazomera m'munda mwanu. Lamulo lalikulu - m'munda, kusintha chikhalidwe kumayenera kupitilira nyengo yotentha yonse. Mwachitsanzo: ngati simukufunika zokolola zazikulu, mutha kugawa mundawo m'magawo awiri. Pa kansomba kamodzi kokha, kangapo, ndipo chachiwiri - sipinachi kapena saladi, ndiye kuti anyezi wa batun ngati mbewu yapachaka.
Radish itenga gawo lake la mundawo osapitilira miyezi 1-1,5. Mukatha kukolola, mutha kubzala mbande zoyambirira kabichi, tomato woyamba, mbatata zamasiku 40. Mukatha kukolola saladi, theka lachiwiri la mundawo limatha kukhala ndi tomato wapakatikati kapena wapakatikati, wobiriwira (katsabola, udzu winawake, parsley, basil), adyo wamasamba.
Werengani zambiri za kusintha kwa mbeu pazinthu "Njira zisanu zosinthira mbewu munyumba yanyengo".
Ngati mukubzala mbande za tomato wa nthawi yayitali komanso mochedwa, kabichi yoyera imakonzedwa kuti ibzalidwe pabedi, ndiye ndikofunikira kufesa bedi ili ndi manyowa obiriwira kuyambira nthawi yophukira kapena masika kuti asaphule kanthu, ndikusintha ngati udzu (onani nkhani zakuti "Ndi manyowa obiriwira ati oti abzalire m'dzinja", "manyowa obiriwira oti abzale kasupe "). Pofika nthawi yofesera mbewu, siderates ndikutulutsa ndi ntchito ngati mulch mbewu. Zisamaliro zonse za mbewu zitha kuchitika pang'onopang'ono, zabwinoko - pabenchi zogwirizana ndi izi.
Ngati pali nthawi ndi kuyeserera, mutha kuwaza mabedi ndikukweza mabedi pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kusamalira Ridge Crop Care
Kumasuka
Kukhala pabenchi yaying'ono ndikosavuta kufikira mzere wazomera pabedi mbali ina, kumasula nthaka, kuwononga namsongole. Ndikwabwino kusiya maudzu mumayendedwe achikhalidwe, koma ngati alipo ambiri aiwo, ndipo adakula (zaka zoyambirira zimachitika), ndiye kuti namsongole amene wadwazika amatayidwa njirayo. Udzu womera udamera pansi pamapazi, womwe umachepetsa katundu m'nthaka. Iye adzaponderezedwa pansi. Namsongole adzola, apanga humus, yomwe izikhala yothandiza kwambiri mtsogolo. Ngati namsongoleyo atamera munjira, amawonongeka mosavuta ndi kulima kwapanja.
Mulching
Mabedi yopapatiza ndiosavuta kuyamwa. Monga mulch, udzu womwewo umagwiritsidwa ntchito (amaikidwa pakati pa mizere), udzu, utuchi (kupatula ma conifers) ndi zomata zamitengo, unyinji wobiriwira wa siderates.
Kudzera mu masentimita 7 mpaka 7 mulch (osachepera apo, mulch sagwira ntchito) maudzu samamera, amafa, monganso tizirombo tina, kuphatikiza kachilomboka cha Colorado mbatata (kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo motsutsana nawo kumachepera). Kuphatikiza apo, manyowa obiriwira omwe ndi mizu yake akumasulira nthaka, safunika kukumba ndipo nthawi yomweyo azikhala feteleza wobiriwira wa mbewu yayikulu.
Ntchito yokhazikika pamalowa sifunikira ndalama zochulukirapo kuti muchepetse udzu nthawi zonse. Kulinganiza kudzatchinga zipatso zamasamba zomwe zimayandikira pansi kuti zisawonongedwe ndi dothi (phwetekere, sikwashi, sitiroberi, ndi zina) ndi kuwonongeka ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus (mochedwa blight, zowola). Kukuza, mulch imadzaza dothi ndi chamoyo, chomwe chidzaonjezera chonde ndikuwongolera kapangidwe kake.
Ngati malowa adatsekedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti gawo lina la namsongole limatha kuchotsedwa isanayambike ntchito yopanga masika popanda kuyesetsa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kupangitsa kuti zimere mwachangu. Chapakatikati, peat, phulusa, humus zimabalalika mu chisanu m'munda ndikufundidwa ndi filimu yowonekera. Mphezi zamadzuwa zimakopeka ndi malo amdima, nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa filimuyo imayamba kutentha mwachangu ndipo namsongole amayamba kuphukira. Pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2.0, nthaka pamabedi ndi m'njira zimamasulidwa, ndikuwononga namsongole.
Ngati mbewu mochedwa zakonzedwa kuti zibzalidwe m'mundamo, zimapangitsa kuti zibwererenso. Ingovumbulutsani dothi lopanda kanthu pomaliramo nthaka (kukumba pansi sikofunikira).
Mizere yopapatiza, makamaka sitiroberi kapena pansi pa perennials, ndikofunikira kuti mulch yosatulutsa kuwala, koma kufalitsa chinyezi, chophimba.
Ngati maudzu sanachotsedwe mwachangu m'mabandewo, amawadula pansi muzu ndikugwiritsira ntchito mulch mbewu m'mabedi.
Pazingwe zopapatiza ndizosavuta kukonza kuthirira.
Kuthirira mbewu
Ndi mvula yokwanira ya Meyi komanso kuchulukana kwakanthawi kake m'nthaka, ndikotheka kuchepetsa gawo la kuthirira, kukulitsa nthawi yothirira. Chinyezi chimasungidwa bwino pansi pa mulch, sichilola kuti dothi lipange chouma, lomwe nthawi zambiri limavulaza zimayambira zazomera.
Pazingwe zopapatiza ndizosavuta kukonza kuthirira. Kuchokera pamphuno yayikulu yomwe ikulima m'mundamo, payipi iliyonse ndimaikidwa mabowo. Zing'onozing'ono za mabowo, zimapezekanso. Mbale yayikulu imaphatikizidwa ndi kampopi. Kukakamizidwa kwa madzi kumapangidwa kukhala kochepa, madzi ayenera kumira, osatsanulira.
Okondedwa owerenga! Kumbukirani kuti kusinthana kwa zitunda zopyapyala sikungatulutsire mundawo pachaka chimodzi, koma kuthandizira kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchitoyo malowa ndikuthandizani kuti mupeze zipatso zambiri zamasamba popanda nkhawa.
