Caladium iyenera kubwezeretsa kusonkhanitsa kwa mbewu za m'nyumba za alendo. Masamba ake owoneka okongola ndi mtima kapena woboola muvi kuchokera kumizu amawoneka bwino kwambiri ngakhale mkati mwapamwamba kwambiri. Mtundu wapamwamba wa woimira uyu wa banja la Aroid amabweretsa zolemba zachipinda chilichonse kapena kutentha. Chikhalidwe chakutali kwambiri ndi ulimi wamaluwa chidzakomedwa ndi luso lapaderali. Werengani za: primrose yayitali, kubzala kwake ndi chisamaliro poyera.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti fanizoli lodabwitsa limadziwika chifukwa cha "kupsa mtima", chifukwa chake muyenera kuyang'ana zovuta zonse za chisamaliro chakunyumba kwa Caladium. Komanso, sizingakhale zopanda pake kungoganizira zamtundu wotchuka wamtunduwu.
Ndi chitsamba chotentha mungathe kukongoletsa bwino bedi la maluwa kapena udzu. Mthunzi wa mtengo wokhala ndi korona yopanda kuyika, umaoneka.
Makhalidwe wamba
Choyambirira chomwe chimagwira diso la amayi apanyumba ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa. Amasanthula bwino masamba ake, komanso inflorescence.
Maonekedwe a masamba
Kutengera mitundu, tsamba losatha ili ndi tsamba losiyana. Odziwika kwambiri ndi:
- M'mawonekedwe amtima. Zodziwika bwino kwa ambiri omwe ali pakati pa mayina awo apakati - "Mtima wa Khristu."
- Zochepa thupi momwe zingathere, pafupifupi patatu.
- Monga nsonga ya muvi kapena nthungo.
- Chachikulu komanso chachikulu, ngati makutu a njovu.
Alibe tsinde lotchulidwa. Masamba amakula mwachindunji kuchokera ku rhizome. M'malo achilengedwe amafika 5 metres, ndi zokongoletsera zokongoletsera - mpaka 30 cm.
Utoto wankhondo
Yamikani mitundu iyi ya Aroid chifukwa chophatikiza modabwitsa cha mitundu yowala. Ngakhale kuli zobiriwira zochepa, kumakhalabe kotchuka. Pakutero, masamba ali onse marashi amdima komanso oyera. Nthawi zambiri amawonetsera "nyimbo" kuchokera:
- mawonekedwe;
- mitsempha;
- zodzikongoletsera zokongoletsera;
- gululi;
- mawanga
- kuchulukana kwa mithunzi (kusintha kosalala kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina).
Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtundu wina ndi malire osiyanasiyana a multicolor. Nthawi zina, m'mphepete mwa masamba mumatha kukhala pang'ono. Mwa zina, Caladium imakopa ndi kuphatikiza kwake kodabwitsa kwamitundu yowala, monga:
- lilac;
- pinki
- siliva;
- rasipiberi;
- chikasu.
Uwu si mndandanda wathunthu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chokhacho ndikuti masamba samayenda konse.
Zomera zili ndi poizoni. Ngati msuzi ulowa pakhungu, umatha kuyambitsa ziwopsezo zamkati (zotupa, redness). Chifukwa chake, maluwa oteteza maluwa ayenera kuyikidwa kutali ndi ana.
Kalalak
Amatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule: kakang'ono ndi kachidindo. Maluwa amafanana ndi mthunzi wa phulusa wokhala wokutidwa palanquin. Zikuwoneka kuti ali m'khola. Kwa okonda maluwa okongola adzalumikizidwa ndi malo otentha.
Zosiyanasiyana
Kunyumba, pali mitundu 15 yotchuka ya maluwa caladium. Iliyonse ya mitunduyi imasiyana maonekedwe, ma tubers, komanso momwe amamangidwira. Nayi mitundu yotchuka.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe otayirira komanso owuma, koma opatsa thanzi wokwanira. Asili acidity satenga nawo mbali.
Schomburg
Masamba ake amafanana bwino ndi mtima. Mbaleyi ndi yayitali masentimita 15 ndi mainchesi 12. M'munsi mwawo mumakhala chowulungika kapena chosafunikira.
Gawo lakumunsi la pepalalo limapaka utoto wowala: loyera kapena la pinki. M'mphepete mwake muli malire. Pakati pa mitsempha yapinki, maonekedwe okongoletsera amawala kudzera mwa siliva. Mwanjira ina, mitsempha imatha kukhala utoto wa kirimu. Mphepete mwa chomera chimakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira.
Bicolor
Anthu amamudziwa iye ngati utoto wamitundu iwiri. Kuphatikizika kophatikizika kwa mithunzi iwiri yosiyanasiyana yofiirira ndi yobiriwira kumapangitsa masamba atatu kukhala owoneka bwino. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyera.
Malo owala a pinki pa maziko amdima amawoneka azosangalatsa komanso achikondi. Chipinda chogona, iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yokongoletsera.
Zidutswa zazikulu zimawoneka zokongola pazomera zoonda. Kutalika kwawo ndi 10-19 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwake kupitilira masentimita 30. Mtundu wokongoletsa wa Caladium uyu umalowera mu ngodya yopanda pabalaza.
Humboldt
Monga momwe dzinalo likunenera, mfuti zachitsulo zimabwera mumtundu wowonjezera kubiriwira lakuda. Mawonekedwe opanda mawonekedwe a ma caliber osiyanasiyana amakhala ngati mawonekedwe. Mitsempha yapakati komanso yotsatira imakhala yopangidwa nthawi zonse.
Pa nsonga ya kukula, kutalika kwa masamba amtunduwu ndi 8 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 5. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete chomangidwa. Popeza masamba ake ndi ochepa, kuyambira magawo 10 mpaka 25 amatha kukwana mumphika umodzi.
Izi ndi mitundu yotchuka komanso yodziwika bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, chosowa, koma nthawi yomweyo mitundu yabwino kwambiri idadulidwa. Pakati pawo pali caladium, zithunzi za ena zimaperekedwa pansipa:
- Florida "Sweetheart", "Dzuwa" ndi "Red Ruffles".
- Carolyn Worton.
- "Kukongola kwa Pinki".
- Fanie Manson
- "Maswiti".
- Scarlet Pimpernel.
- Rosalia.
Gawo "Florida" limasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a masamba oblong. Makungu a Scarlet ndi mawonekedwe a gululi. Lingaliro lapadera la banja la Aroid ndi Rosalia. Chifukwa cha kutuwa kwa utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe akuda, duwa limawoneka bwino.
Monga taonera kale, mitundu yachilendoyi ndiyabwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuphunzira zina za kubzala, komanso kusamalira caladium.
Zinsinsi zochoka: kuchoka pamtunda mpaka hibernation
Kusamalira kunyumba kwamtunduwu kuyenera kuganiziridwa bwino ndikukonzekera. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwunikira mosamala:
- nthaka;
- kutentha
- kuyatsa;
- chinyezi.
Mukamamsamalira, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti nkhalango yamvula ya Amazon ndiyo malo obzala mbewu iyi. Kuzindikira kumeneku kumathandiza kuti pakhale zochitika zabwino kwa iye.
Zinsinsi zamkati
Chinthu chachikulu choti muchite mukasamalira Caladium kunyumba (zithunzi zonse zocheperako) ndikuziteteza ku dzuwa ndi kuzizira kowala.
Miphika iyenera kuyikidwa pazenera kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa nyumbayo. Kupatula apo, mitundu iyi imakonda malo opanda mthunzi.
Kuti chomera chomera chikule bwino, ndikofunikira kuti magawo onse azikhala monga:
- Kutentha M'nyengo yotentha, thermometer sayenera kugwa pansi pa 21-25 ° C, ndipo nthawi yozizira - 16 ° C.
- Chinyezi. Muyenera kuti muzisunga momwe zingathere.
- Dothi. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: peat, humusni humus, zinyalala zolimba, mchenga.
- Kuwaza ndi mfuti yopopera. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa kuti mame akhazikike bwino pamasamba. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuwaza kuzungulira kapena pamwamba pake, pomwepo sipadzakhala bulauni lotuwa pamasamba.
- Kuthirira. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi okhazikika ndipo, makamaka, ndi ofewa.
- Feteleza. Kuphatikiza michere kumafunika mchaka ndi chilimwe cha Caladium kawiri pamwezi. Pa hibernation, iyenera kuyimitsidwa.
Nyengo yotentha imayamba mu Ogasiti, chifukwa chake musadandaule ngati masamba ayamba kugwa. Nthamba zatsopano zidzawonekera mu Marichi. Koma kuti ayambe kukula, muyenera nthawi ndi nthawi (1-2 kawiri pamwezi) kunyowetsa tubers kuti isakomoke. Zotsatira zake, pofika masika adzakhala okonzeka kumuika.
Njira yabwino yosungitsira chinyezi ndikugwiritsa ntchito pallet. Mango, dothi kapena dothi lokulitsidwa lingathiridwemo.
Kuswana
Itha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri: kugwiritsa ntchito tubers ndi mbewu. Zachidziwikire, pomaliza, njirayi idzakhala yayitali. Kuti muchite izi, tengani chidebe chokhala ndi peat-sand substrate, ndikufesa mbewu. Zotsatira zazing'ono zam'munda ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro. Ngati mumamwetsa madzi kawiri pa sabata komanso kupuma, ndiye kuti patatha mwezi umodzi kumera. Pofika Seputembala, tubers iwowo amapangidwa.
Ndi kufalikira kwachaka chilichonse, prophylaxis motsutsana ndi choipitsitsa chakumapeto iyenera kuchitidwa. Mbadwo watsopano wa fungicides ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pamenepa.
Njira yofalitsira bwino kwambiri ndi ma tubers. Kuika kwawo kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena koyambirira kwamasika. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira zinthu zonse zobisika zamachitidwe:
- Pang'onopang'ono tumizani ma tubers. Zisonyezero zazikulu ziyenera kudulidwa pakati kapena zigawo zinayi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa impso.
- Makala angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ufa pamagawo.
- Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi mchenga ndi peat.
- Zofunika kuziika mbiya yayikulu kuposa kale.
- Kukhazikitsa mbande ndikofunikira pamalo otentha komanso owunikira.
- Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika pamene nthaka imuma.
M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limatha kuyamba kuvunda. Madera owonongeka amayenera kudulidwa powachiritsa pamtunda ndi mtundu wina wa mafangayi.
Zonsezi zimapangitsa chomera chachilendo kuti chimve bwino kunyumba. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mdani wake wamkulu. Tazindikira izi, ndikofunikira kutsuka masamba pansi pamadzi. Ikawuma, imayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Ndi chisamaliro ichi, duwa ili lidzakondweretsa eni ake kwa zaka zambiri. Zidzapanga chidziwitso mchipindacho, komanso mawonekedwe abwino mchipinda chochezera.
