Chosangalatsa pakati pa zimphona zazikulu zamtundu wachikuda ndi zapamwamba zomwe zakhala "zathu" - ndi momwe nthawi zambiri amazindikira brugmansia. Chifukwa cha mitundu yotakata yolimba, dope ili lili ndi mafani ochulukirachulukira. Koma kukongola kokongola kwambiri kwamodzi mwa ogulika kwambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chamikhalidwe. Chomera ichi sichilimba nthawi yozizira ndipo panthaka timatha kukula nthawi yotentha yokha. Kuti muchite bwino, muyenera kusamalira nthawi yake yozizira panyumba. Ndipo chisamaliro cha Brugmansia sichapafupi.
Brugmansia (Brugmansia).
Malipenga a angelo, kapena Brugmansia, adakali odziwika bwino ngati datura, ngakhale kuti ndizosavuta kusiyanitsa ndi danga loyambirira la datura (udzu wa datura): ku Brugmansia, maluwa akuluakulu a tubular droop, atapendekera, koma mu datura amayang'ana pamwamba. Chodabwitsa komanso chosazolowera kumagawo okhala ndi nyengo yachilimidwe chimatchedwa kuti chosiyana ndi zina zonse. Kukula kwakukulu, kutulutsa mosazungulira chilimwe chonse, kumagonjetsa koyamba. Koma osati ma gramophone akuluakulu okhaokha okhala ndi kutalika kwa 50cm komanso mainchesi koluka kozungulira mpaka 20 cm amapambana ndi Brugmansia.
Wamphamvu, wosazolowereka komanso wamkulu - chitsamba ngati mtengo uwu chimawoneka chosowa komanso popanda maluwa. Masamba a brugmansia mpaka theka la mita kutalika kwake ndi opaque, wobiriwira wopepuka, wopangidwa mu tiers. Masamba odalilika okhala ndi m'mphepete mwaulemu amasinthidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono komanso ambiri okhala ndi m'mphepete wokongola.
"Foloko" yomwe ili pamwamba pa nthambi ya Brugmansia poyamba imakhala ndi masamba (osakwana 1 cm). Kenako masamba athunthu a masentimita khumi amakula, kenako maluwawo amawonjezeredwa mpaka 7 cm patsiku, ndikupangitsa chidwi chake kukhala chodabwitsa. Ndipo maonekedwe a Brugmansia cultivar amadziwonekera mu tsiku limodzi lokha maluwa atamasulidwa, zomwe, ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mbewu. Maluwa odabwitsa a Brugmansia samadabwitsa osati kokha ndi mitundu yonse ya mithunzi (ngakhale zipatso) - chikasu, kirimu, pichesi, kuwala kobiriwira, oyera, pinki, lalanje ndi ofiira, komanso kuphatikiza kwamitundu yambiri, kuthekera kosankha pakati pa maluwa osavuta, owirikiza kawiri komanso kawiri ka maluwa ndi mafungo abwino omwe kutchulidwa usiku.
Kuuma pang'ono kwa nyengo yozizira kumachepetsa kwambiri kukula kwa Brugmansia zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa chake, mkatikati mwa msewu mutha kulimidwa munjira zotsatirazi:
- ngati pachaka;
- ngati osatha ndi kubzala m'chilimwe m'nthaka ndikukakumba nthawi yachisanu kuti isanduke kumalo;
- ngati ndodo yamuyaya, yomwe imayikidwa m'mundamo kapena kukumba yotentha.
Brugmansia yoyera mumtsuko wokhala ndi coleus.
Maziko opambana ndi kusankha bwino kwa zinthu
Kusamalira kulikonse kwa Brugmansia sikungakhale kopambana ngati mikhalidwe yoyenera sanasankhiridwe poyambirira pake. Chomera chimakonda dzuwa, kukhala ndi malo otetezeka, koma malo otseguka, kubzala payekha, sichimagwira bwino ntchito yokoka, mphepo komanso kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Koma kuti mbeu izikukula kwambiri komanso kukula kwazomera kumafunikira kuthirira kwambiri pamalo dzuwa kuti ndibwino kusankha malo oti mubzale Brugmansia pomwe mbewuyo imakhala itasungunuka pang'ono masana.
Dothi la Brugmansia liyenera kukhala lachonde, koma lopepuka. Mukabzala, ndibwino kuti m'malo mwa lapansi mudzachotsedwe maenje obzala ndi kompositi kapena komusus ndi loam ndi peat (chiyerekezo - 1: 1: 2). Nthaka yomweyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala brugmansia m'mbale. Ngakhale zili choncho, mutha kugula gawo lina lililonse powonjezera gawo lina la michere ya michere ndi michere. Madzi okwanira amadzala pansi pa zotengera; mukabzala m'nthaka, dothi limapangidwanso pansi pa dzenjelo. Ku Brugmansia, khosi mizu sangathe kuzama.
Brugmansia amafuna chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Chovuta kwambiri pakukula kwa Brugmansia ndikothirira pafupipafupi, komwe sikungapewe njira iliyonse yolima. Masamba akulu amatulutsa chinyezi chambiri, chomera chimavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha chilala chochepa kwambiri. Za brugmansia (zonse zobzalidwa m'nthaka, ndi zokumba, ndi zotsalira m'matumba ndi m'mbale), mukufunikirabe kuthirira nthawi iliyonse pakagwa mvula yambiri komanso nthaka ikadzauma. Kuti tisunthike chinyontho m'nthaka, monga lamulo, ndikofunikira kuchita kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku m'chilimwe ndi masiku otentha a dzuwa, kuthirira kosowa kwambiri - mumitambo ndi nyengo yabwino. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zonse muyenera kuwunika momwe dothi lilili (monga mbewu zamkati). Madzi osasunthika komanso chinyezi chambiri ndi zovulaza ku Brugmansia zosaposa chilala chonse.
Brugmansia pamasiku otentha ndi chilala chotalika sichingakane kupopera mbewu, koma zimachitika mosamala, m'masamba, osanyamula maluwa. Ndipo nthawi ya njira zake ziyenera kusankhidwa mosamala, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumadzulo.
Yellow brugmansia mumphika wamphaka pamalo opumira.
Amathandizira, kubzala ndikupanga Brugmansia
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, chomera chodabwitsa ichi nthawi zambiri sichingachite popanda thandizo lowonjezera. Komanso, thandizo silofunika konse mpaka mphukira wapakati, koma kwa nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yolemetsa. Malonda a Brugmansia nthawi zambiri samakhazikitsidwa pasadakhale, amawayika pokhapokha ngati chomera chokha sichitha kuthana ndi maluwa ophuka.
Ku Brugmansia, yomwe imasungidwa ngati chomera chokhazikika ndikuthamangitsidwa kumalo a dzinja, kudulira koyambirira ndikofunikira. Muyenera kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, osati kumapeto kwa mwezi wa March. Pamtengowo, pendani mosamala mphukira zonse ndipo musakhudze nthambi zooneka ngati V, pomwe maluwa ndi nthambi zonse zimapangika m'chigawo cha tchire, kuphatikizira ndi mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimapezeka kumtunda kwa korona. Nthambi zotere zimawoneka zosabala komanso zakula, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri ndipo ndizomwe amapanga korona wokongola wa Brugmansia. Ndiosavuta kuyendera chomera: masamba omwe alibe ukufalikira ndi okhazikika, okhala ndi maziko, koma mu "maluwa" gawo, lomwe siliyenera kukhudzidwa, ndi mizere m'munsi mwa tsamba. Ndi mphukira zopanda maluwa zokha zomwe zimadulidwa, kufupikitsa pang'ono kumapeto (osapitilira masamba atatu). Monga shrub iliyonse, brugmansia imachotsa zowonongeka, zazitali kwambiri, zophukira zouma, komanso nthambi zosabereka zomwe sizimabala.
Ngati mayendedwe ali ovuta, amafunika kusamutsa kapena kuyendetsa mbewu zolemera pamtunda wautali, ndiye kuti Brugmansia ikhoza kudulidwa osadukiza, koma mtengowo utayima pang'onopang'ono pansi pa nyengo yapakatikati, ndikudulira molingana ndi malamulo wamba.
Feteleza wa Brugmansia
Kuti chomera chachikulu kwambiri, chikukula mofulumira kwambiri, kulandira zakudya zonse zofunika, kungotenga dothi losakaniza bwino chifukwa sikokwanira. Zomera za Brugmansia zimayambitsidwa nthawi zonse, munthawi yonse ya kukula kwambiri ndi maluwa, pafupipafupi 1 nthawi sabata. Mlingo wa feteleza uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi wopanga ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zida zakunyumba zam'mimba ndi zamatumba ndi 20 g paovala pamwamba 1, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nitrofoska ndi ena "dimba".
Mtundu wokondedwa wa feteleza wa Brugmansia ndi zovuta kukonzekera konsekonse. Koma pak maluwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi-phosphorous kapena kuwasinthanitsa ndi kuvala kovuta. Ngakhale zili zomera zamaluwa, zinthu za nayitrogeni m'nthaka ya brugmansia ndizofunikira kwambiri: mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza yokongoletsa maluwa, m'malo mophatikizana ndi zovuta, mphukira zazing'ono zimatsika masamba kapena masamba onse amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Chifukwa chake, osachepera mpaka maluwa atamera, chomera chimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza, momwe macroelements onse atatuwo amakhalanso chimodzimodzi.
Mavalidwe osakwanira apamwamba amachititsa kuti Brugmansia isangoyimitsa kapena kukula pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro za "kuchepa", komanso kusinthika, mawonekedwe a mawanga ndi mikwingwirima, kuwalitsa masamba.
Brugmansia (Brugmansia).
Brugmansia nyengo yachisanu
Masiku ano, ambiri amakulitsa Brugmansia ngati chomera pachaka. Koma pamenepo sizingatheke kuyamika kwathunthu kukongola kwake, mphamvu ndi ukulu wake. Ndipo ndichisoni kutsutsa kukongola koteroko kuti kuphedwe, makamaka ngati nkotheka kusunga brugmansia m'nyumba.
Kuchotsa Brugmansia nthawi yachisanu ndi chimodzi mwa zoyambirira. Kutentha kwamadzulo kukangotsika mpaka madigiri 8-10, muyenera kusamutsa brugmansia pansi pa denga kuti muthe kuzisintha ndikusintha momwe mungayendere. Ndikosatheka kusamutsa mbewuyi kwambiri m'malo atsopano, ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yokhazikika kwa iwo. Ngati Brugmansia idasinthika kapena ikukula panthaka, ndiye kuti mtengowo uyenera kukumbidwa ndikuusamutsira kumatumba akuluakulu kapena timachubu tofanana ndi kukula kwa chisa chamtunduwu, popanda kuwononga mizu komanso popanda kuwononga chotupa. Brugmansia imasamutsidwira kumalo pomwe kutentha usiku kumagwa mpaka +5 madigiri. Ngati brugmansia itaundana pang'ono (imatha kupirira madigiri mpaka -5), ndiye kuti imatha kupulumutsidwa, koma chomera chisanachitike, mbali zowonongeka za nthambi ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Ndikwabwino kusakoka ndi skid.
Chomerachi chimapatsidwa kuunikira bwino komanso kuzizira nyengo yonse yachisanu. Kutentha kwa madigiri pafupifupi 8-12 ndi koyenera Brugmansia, koma m'malo abwinobwino m'chipinda kapena mumtunda wa Brugmansia sikofunika kukhala nawo. Kutentha kwambiri, ndiye kuti masana kumatalika. Kuthirira chifukwa cha mbewuyi kumachepetsedwa, kusungabe chinyezi cha dothi komanso kukhazikitsa pafupipafupi njira zake kutengera ndi momwe zimayambira. Koma ndibwino kuti musasiye kudyetsa Brugmansia: zimachitika, koma kawirikawiri, kamodzi pamwezi, mpaka masika.
Ngati palibe kuthekera kozizira m'malo owala, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito njira zina ziwiri zosungira brrugmansia:
- Sungani m'chipinda kapena nyumba yobiriwira pomwe mbewu zimapitilira kutulutsa, ndipo kutentha sikumatsika ndi 18 digiri. Pankhaniyi, kuwunikira kowonjezereka ndikofunikira, ndipo kuthirira ndi kuvala kwapamwamba sikumachepetsedwa, kumachitika mpaka Brugmansia itasiya kuphuka. Ndi mpweya wouma, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumayambitsanso chisamaliro. Ngati palibe njira yotsimikizira ndiye kuti kupumula kwakanthawi kochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti kudula kudula kuchomera kuti chitsitsire chitsamba chakale.
- Ngati njira yokhayo ndiyosunthira pansi kapena pa analogue yake popanda kuwala, ndiye kuti Brugmansia imasungidwa ndi madzi osowa kwambiri komanso osavala pamwamba kutentha kwa madigiri 5-8. Chomera chimataya masamba, koma sichifa.
Ndi malingaliro aliwonse okonza nyengo yachisanu, Brugmansia sayenera kuloledwa kupukutira zouma: iyenera kukhalabe yonyowa pang'ono pakatikati, ngakhale ikasungidwa kuzizira. Musaiwale za kupumira kwanyumba kwanyumba, komanso kutetezedwa kwa kutentha kwambiri kapena kusungidwa.
Kusintha momwe Brugmansia ikufunikira nthawi yayitali isanatengeke chomera kupita ku dimba. Chapakatikati, masana masana atayamba kuchuluka ndipo zizindikiro zoyambirira zikuonekera, mbewuyo imasamutsidwira kumalo owoneka bwino m'chipindacho ndi kuwala kowala ndikuwonjezera kuthirira ndi kuthirira kwamtunda mutadulira. Container Brugmansions amawayika kuti ayichepetse, osamala mosamala mu chidebe chatsopano.
Kubwezeretsa kutenga ndi kubzala kwa Brugmansia m'munda kumachitika pokhapokha ngati zipatso zobwerera zadutsa, nthawi yomweyo monga chilimwe chachikulu chosazizira. Masiku oyerekezedwa - theka loyambirira la June.
Tchire la brugmansia mumphika wamphaka usanadutse nyengo yachisanu.
Tizilombo ndi matenda a Brugmansia
Brugmansia ndiwopanda phindu. Nthawi zambiri imakopa tizirombo touluka mumdzu wouma kwambiri nthawi yachilimwe komanso nthawi yachisanu ikakhala yotentha. Mitengo ya kangaude ikhoza kuwoneka pamtengowo, ndipo panja, Brugmansia ndi chomera cha gulugufe wapamwamba kwambiri.
Mwa matenda omwe ali pamalowo, zowola imvi zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kuthilira kosayenera zimapezeka kwambiri.
Ndi mavuto aliwonse, ndibwino kuthana ndi mankhwala apadera kwambiri ophera tizilombo komanso fungicides.
