Mitengo ya hyacinths ikaphuka masika, imakhala imodzi mwapamwamba komanso, mwachiwonekere, zokongoletsera zowala bwino za mundawo. Ngakhale kuli kwachikondi chotentha mkati mwa msewu wapakati, alendo ochokera ku Mediterranean ndi Middle East amasangalala ndi wamaluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa ochezeka, ochulukitsa, ndipo ngati akudziwa mawonekedwe a ukadaulo waulimi, siosankha kwenikweni. Chachikulu ndikupanga malo omwe ali ofanana ndi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi chikhalidwe chakumudzi, kuyambira posankha malo omwe akukula komanso nthawi yodzala ma hyacinths, kutha ndikusungidwa kwa mababu omwe anazimiririka.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti malinga ndi gulu loyambira la mababu amasankha malo, kapena dzuwa lotsekedwa ndi mphepo, pomwe sipamayenera kukhala chinyezi chowopsa cha hyacinth. Mwachilengedwe, mbewu zomwe zimaphuka mchaka miyezi ingapo yotentha zili ngati kubisala, kudziunjikira mphamvu ndikuyika muvi wamtsogolo wa maluwa. Ngakhale nyengo yofatsa ya ku Mediterranean imawoneka ngati yopangidwira kudzutsa mababu ndikukonzekera nyengo yatsopano yomwe ikula.
Ma hyacinths: Nthawi yobzala komanso mawonekedwe a ukadaulo waulimi
Pakati pakatikati, pomwe nthawi yachilimwe siikhala yokwanira komanso yotentha, ndipo nthawi yozizira, nthaka imatha kuyimitsidwa mozama, sitinganene kuti ma hyacinth amakhala omasuka. Mukapanda kukumba mababu omwe mwabzala maluwa ndipo osakonzera "chakumwera chakum'mwera" kwa iwo, chaka chilichonse mivi yofukizirayi imakhala yaying'ono mpaka itazimiririka. Nthawi yakubzala ma hyacinths ndi liti?
Yophukira nthawi yabwino nthawi yoyenera kubzala mphamvu zosakanikirana ndikuyika muvi wa mababu. Ndipo apa ndikofunikira kusankha nthawi yoyenera kuti chomera chizika mizu chisanazizire, koma sichinayambe kukhazikika.
Kusunga nthawi yoyenera yodzala ma hyacinths ndikofunikira kwambiri.
- Ngati babuyo atalowa m'nthaka yazakudya patsogolo pake, chomera chikuyamba kukula, nthawi yozizira, chisanu chitha kuwononga mizu ndi gawo lobiriwira la hyacinth lomwe layamba kukula.
- Mukachedwa kubzala, babu omwe agwera panthaka yachisanu nawonso sangathe kupitirira.
Koma kubzala kwa hyacinths kasupe m'nthaka sikugwiridwa, chifukwa munthawi yomweyo ndikuthamangitsanso kukonzekera kwamaluwa sichomera.
Mukufuna kuti muchepetse kubzala mpaka Novembala, dothi lokonzedwayo liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena zinthu zofunikira mpaka mababu atabzala. Kenako malowa amatsekanso chifukwa cha chisanu, kuzizira komanso mvula.
Kukonzekera kwa tsamba kubzala ma hyacinths pansi
Kodi kubzala hyacinths mu kugwa? M'madera ambiri a Russia, mbewu zamtunduwu zimabzalidwa panthaka kuyambira hafu yachiwiri ya Seputembara mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Ndipo kukonzekera malowo kubzala kumayambira mwezi umodzi mphindi ino. Munthawi imeneyi, nthaka idakonzedwa ndikuya masentimita 40 ilipo nthawi yoti ikhazikike, ndipo zochulukirapo za michere ndi michere yachilengedwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka, pa mita imodzi, kuyambira:
- 60-80 magalamu a superphosphate;
- 20-30 magalamu a potashi feteleza kapena 200 magalamu a phulusa la nkhuni;
- 15 magalamu a magnesium sulfate kapena 250 magalamu a dolomite ufa.
Monga organic, kompositi kapena zowunda zokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, feteleza watsopano wamtunduwu amachititsa kuyaka pamiyeso yopanda mababu ndikuwononga chomera.
Asanadzalemo ma cocacinths, nthaka imamangidwanso ndipo maudzu onse amachotsedwa.
Kuphatikizika kwa Hyacinth ndi kusankha kubzala
Mu nthawi yophukira, nthawi yomweyo, ma hyacinth amasinthidwa kupita kumalo ena, ngati pakufunika kuwonjezera malo kapena malo ena ndi mbewu. Alimi a maluwa odziwa ntchito, pofuna kupewa matenda ochulukitsa, amalangizidwa kuti azilekerera kamodzi pa zaka 3-4, ndipo musanabzike, yang'anani mosamala zomwe mwabzala ndikuwathandiza mababu ooneka athanzi ndi fungosis.
Zoyenera kubzala m'nthaka ndi mababu:
- wandiweyani, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala;
- palibe kuwonongeka kwamakina;
- Zizindikiro za matenda ndi kuvulala komwe timayambitsa ndi tizirombo;
- wokhala ndi khosi ndi mapewa osiyana.
Ma hyacinths akabzalidwe kumapeto, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mababu amphamvu kwambiri ndi oyenererana ndi malo otseguka, omwe amakondana mwachangu ndi nyengo yabwino. Poterepa, pansi pamunsi pa babuyo pakhale pafupifupi 2/3 a malowo.
Asanabzidwe m'nthaka, chodzalacho chimamizidwa mu njira yotsalira ndi mphindi 30, kenako ndikuuma.
Komwe mababu nthawi yobzala ma hyacinths munthaka
Kuzama kwa babu kumadalira kukula kwawo.
- Zoyala zazikulu ndi mainchesi opitilira masentimita asanu zimayikidwa 18 cm kuchokera pansi.
- Mababu wamba, pafupifupi 4 cm, amabzalidwa mpaka akuya 12-15 cm.
Monga momwe vidiyo yokhudza kubzala ma hyacinths, dothi pamwamba pa babu limakulirapo katatu kuposa kutalika kwa chodzala chokha. Kuphatikiza apo, pamadothi opepuka, kuya kwakubzala kumakulitsidwa pang'ono, koma pa dongo kapena chernozem, m'malo mwake, amachepetsedwa.
Mtunda pakati pa hyacinths imasankhidwanso potengera kukula kwa mababu. Mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa ochezeka mwa kubzala mbewu zofananira ndi gulu limodzi komanso mwakuya.
Ngati mababu omwe ali pamalo osankhidwa akuwopsezedwa ndi chinyezi chochulukirapo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena yophukira, ma hyacinths akabzalidwe, ngalande yolimba yamchenga imapangidwa pansi pa dzenjelo. Kukhazikika mu “jekete la mchenga” kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino pamene chida chotsukira chinyalachi chimazungulira bulbu yonse.
Kenako chiwembucho chimathiriridwa madzi ndipo nyengo isanayambe kuzizira amaonetsetsa kuti dothi siliphwa. Mutabzala ma hyacinths, monga mu kanema, dothi lonyowa limaphikidwa ndi utuchi, wosanjikiza wa peat kapena sphagnum moss, zomwe zingathandize ma hyacinths nthawi yachisanu. Chapakatikati, chisanu chikasungunuka, kuthengo kumachotsedwa, nthaka imasulidwa, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayikidwa ndipo chithandizo chimachitika motsutsana ndi tizirombo.
