Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ya nyengo yotentha, mbewu zomwe zatoleredwa ku genent Potentilla zimathandizira kwambiri. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, mitundu yopitilira 200 yodziyimira yokha imatha kukhala ndi dzina ili, pomwe pali mbewu za chaka chimodzi ndi ziwiri, zipatso zam'mera, zopindika, zokwawa kapena zokwawa, komanso zitsamba.
Zosiyana kukula ndi mawonekedwe, zomerazi zimadaliranso m'njira zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ambiri mwa iwo ndi anthu okhala kumpoto kwa Nyengo. Ma Cinquefoils amatha kupezeka ku Norway ndi North Caucasus; madera awo amapukutidwa kuchokera ku Western Europe kupita ku Far East. Ku Russia kokha kuli mitundu pafupifupi zana.
Chodziwika ndi mtundu wa masamba omwe agawanika, chifukwa chomwe mbewuyo idatchedwa dzina, komanso mawonekedwe ofanana ndi maluwa, amakumbukira ubale wapadera ndi m'chiuno cha rose, sitiroberi zamtchire, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi maula, komanso a banja la Pinki.
Ngakhale kuti ambiri oimira zamtunduwu sazindikira chidwi chake, munthu adazindikira kale ndipo adayamika mtengowo.
Mitundu yamtchire kuyambira kale imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe Ma Rhizomes ndi ma rhizomes okhala ndi bactericidal, astringent, he heaticatic zinthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala amakono, komanso kupanga zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakudya zamzitini ndikupanga utoto wachilengedwe.
Masiku ano, mitundu yosatha, monga shrubby cinquefoil, mitundu ndi ma hybrids omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kusankha amasankhidwa ndi eni ziwembu zapakhomo.
Zomera za Potentilla zokhala ndi masamba okongoletsera ndi maluwa achikasu, oyera, apinki ndi ofiira amayamikiridwa chifukwa chodzimana, kuchita mosiyanasiyana ndi kosiyanasiyana.
Goose cinquefoil (P. Anserina)
Woimira wamkulu wamtunduwu ndi cinquefoil. Ichi ndi chivundikiro chosavuta kupeza m'mipanda, m'mphepete mwa misewu yamtunda, m'mayenje ndi m'madziwe oyandikira. Chifukwa cha kuthekera kubereka masharubu mwa anthu, chikhalidwe chalandira dzina lakutchulidwa "mbozi". Chifukwa chosazindikira, cinquefoil iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, patatha zaka zochepa masamba ake amthenga ndi maluwa owala achikasu amawonekera pamalowo.
Chomera chokongola chofala ku Russia ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikhalidwe chokongoletsera. Cinquefoil wokhala ndi maluwa achikasu ndi masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino ndizofunika kwambiri chifukwa, chifukwa cha kuwononga mpweya wambiri, mitundu yina siyikhala mizu.
Magazi a m'magazi (P. erecta)
Kuchokera kumalire akumadzulo a Russia kupita ku Altai, kuyambira tundra kumpoto mpaka Caucasus kumwera, mutha kukumana ndi mtundu wina wamba. Chomera ichi, monga tsekwe cinquefoil, ndichopanda zipatso, koma chimasiyana ndi kukula kwa mlengalenga, mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi masamba.
Kanema wowongoka bwino amatha kuzindikira mosavuta chifukwa chochepa thupi, nthambi zomwe zimamera pomwe masamba atatu kapena asanu. Kuyambira Meyi, mbewu zimaphuka. Koma mosiyana ndi abale ake, corolla yokhala ndi mainchesi 15 mpaka 25 mm simakhala ndi asanu, koma ya miyala inayi ya golide. Maluwa amatenga mpaka Seputembara. Nthawi yomweyo, zipatso zimakhazikika, zomwe, ndi mphepo, mvula komanso mothandizidwa ndi nyama, zimanyamulidwa mozungulira.
Kuphatikiza apo, chikhalidwechi ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi ndipo chimachokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zonunkhira, chifukwa cha dzina lodziwika, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga cinquefoil - udzu galanga kapena galangal.
Zomera zokhala ndi kutalika kwa 15 mpaka 50 cm ndizosasangalatsa kwenikweni. Amalekerera kupondaponda, amasangalala kwambiri ndi kuwala kwadzuwa ndipo, chifukwa cha mpweya wolimba kwambiri, nthawi yozizira popanda kutayika.
Siliva cinquefoil (P. argentea)
Wina herbaceous osatha - siliva sinquefoil. Maonekedwe ake, amafanana kwambiri ndi chomeracho, koma chotsika pang'ono, ndipo maluwa ake achikasu amakhala ndi chidendene cha miyambo. Dzinali limadziwika chifukwa cha zoyera kapena pafupifupi imvi kumalumphira zimayambira, masamba ndi petioles.
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono mpaka 10 mm m'mimba mwake amapanga inflorescence zotayirira zomwe zimawonekera koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Maluwa amatenga masiku 30 mpaka 50. Nthawi yomweyo, kusonkhanitsa mankhwala opangira mankhwala okhala ndi antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, firming, he hetaticatic kwachitika.
Cinquefoil Woyera (P. alba)
Maluwa a mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa ndi achikaso. Ndizofunikira kwambiri, koma pali mitundu ina ndi mithunzi ina ya corollas. Chitsanzo ndi cinquefoil yoyera - Mtundu wina waku Europe wokula kuchokera pakati pa Europe kupita ku Balkan kumwera ndi Urals kummawa.
Mtengo wawung'ono wamuyaya mpaka 25 masentimita okwera okonda kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18. Zomwe zimachitika sikuti zimangokhala maluwa osakhalitsa, kuyambira kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, chosasinthika komanso chisanu, komanso kukongoletsa kwambiri. Maluwa oyera okhala ndi mitengo isanu, chikasu chachikasu komanso kutalika kwakanthawi kake kumaoneka bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi masamba obiriwira a masamba obiriwira. Pakati pa abale olimba kutchire, mtunduwu wa potentilla umatha kutchedwa kuti wotulutsa maluwa akuluakulu. Ma corollas m'mimba mwake amafika 30 mm ndikuwoneka bwino kwambiri mu maluwa osamasuka a maluwa asanu.
Nepalese cinquefoil (P. nepalensis)
Nthawi yazinthu zakuchilengedwe idabweretsa umunthu osati zodziwika ndi malo atsopano, komanso ndi oimira omwe sanadziwepo kale dziko lapansi. Nepalese cinquefoil, mwachilengedwe chokula kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Himalaya, akatswiri opanga botolo ndi osamalira:
- masamba akuluakulu azithunzi zazikulu zamkati;
- wokhazikika mu maluwa ochepa ndi maluwa ofiira kapena ofiira ofiira mpaka 30 mm;
- mphukira, ngati corollas yokhala ndi anthocyanin mtundu;
- maluwa akutalika mpaka masiku 55.
Kuyambira 1820, mbewuyi idakula monga chikhalidwe chokongoletsera. Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yomwe ikukula, asayansi adalandira mitundu yayikulu-maluwa koma yosavomerezeka komanso yoyenda maluwa ngati makolo awo aku Asia.
Chitsanzo ndi chisoti cha Miss Wilmott cinquefoil chomwe chili ndi maluwa okongola a pinki omwe amawoneka ndi maso akuda ngati utoto ndipo makina amtundu wochokera pakati pa phala lililonse.
Cinquefoil Indian (P. indica)
Podziwa zambiri za mbewu yazomera, asayansi nthawi zina amapeza komwe, kumawoneka, zonse zadziwika kale. Osati kale kwambiri, banja la Lapchatka adadziwika kuti ali ndi ambiri omwe ali ndi ziwembu komanso olima maluwa a dysheneya kapena sitiroberi zakutchire.
Mtengowo umatchedwa Indian cinquefoil kapena Potentilla indica, ndipo kuchokera ku sitiroberi weniweni umatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa achikasu komanso oyera koma amtundu wazipatso, komanso zipatso zosabisika.
M'minda ya ku Russia, Indian cinquefoil, yomwe safunikira chisamaliro chapadera, imakulidwa ngati chikhalidwe chokongoletsera pansi, chokongoletsa malowa kuyambira koyambirira kwa nyengo yachisanu mpaka chisanu.
Cinquefoil Turbber (P. thurberi)
Maluwa apadera, ofiirira ali ndi herbaceous osatha a Turbber ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imapezeka pamaziko ake ndi miyala yamkaka ya vinyo wofiira ndi maso akuda mkati mwa corolla. Cinquefoil's Velvet Monarch (Velvet ya Pern Monarch) ndiwokonda dzuwa, wodziwika ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso kuzizira kwambiri nyengo yachisanu. Pomwepo mu Juni, maluwa owoneka bwino okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 30 mm amawonekera pachomera. Zomera zimatha pokhapokha kuzizira.
Chomera chimapeza malo pamaluwa wamba, chimawoneka bwino m'mabowo m'modzi ndipo sichingalephere mukadzabzala mufeseni.
Magazi Atsitsi Atsitsi a magazi (P. atrosanguinea kapena argyrophylla)
Kuchokera ku Nepal kupita ku mabedi a maluwa aku Europe, cinquefoil imakhalanso ndi magazi amdima. Mtengo wamtali wamtali wokhazikika, wopanga ma pubescent, umatha kukula mpaka masentimita 60. Nthawi yomweyo, chomera mofunitsitsa nthambi zake ndikuyamba kuphuka kwambiri mu June.
Maluwa okhala ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka 50 mm amawonekera bwino chifukwa cha miyala yofiira yowoneka ngati malalanje, nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi maso otseguka komanso mitsempha yotembenukira pakati. Maluwa amakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, koma kenako cinquefoil sichitha kutengera kukongola kwake. Pamaso pachisanu, mbewuyo imakongoletsedwa ndi katatu, ngati masamba a sitiroberi ndi mbali yobiriwira yobiriwira kunja ndi siliva.
Mtunduwu udapereka maluwa osangalatsa ndi maluwa osavuta ngakhale awiri. Chimodzi mwa zotchuka kwambiri pakati pawo ndi cinquefoil Gibson Scarlet (P. Gibson Scarlet) wokhala ndi carmine kapena rasipiberi-wofiira corollas, wokondweretsa m'maso pachilimwe choyamba.
Shrubby cinquefoil (P. Fruticosa)
Kupeza kwenikweni kwa obereketsa anali shrubby cinquefoil kapena, monga mmera umatchulidwira, tsamba-lakale, Kalmyk kapena tiyi wa Kuril. Mosiyana ndi achibale a herbaceous, mitundu iyi:
- amapanga korona wowonda, nthawi zambiri ozungulira ndipo amafika kutalika kwa 60-120 cm;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana;
- limamasula osayima kwa miyezi 3-4;
- ali ndi masamba ang'ono, opingika kasanu;
- Sizimataya gawo la mlengalenga nthawi yachisanu.
Chifukwa cha okonda zachikhalidwe masiku ano, wamaluwa ali ndi mitundu yambiri yochititsa chidwi ndi maluwa oyera, achikaso, pinki, nsomba, malalanje ndi maluwa ofiira.
M'modzi mwa iwo ndi Goldfinger (P. fruticosa Goldfinger) wojambulidwa pachithunzichi. Chikhalidwe chomwe chikukula mwachangu chimakhala chitsamba 80cm chokhala ndi korona wowongoka, masamba obiriwira obiriwira komanso maluwa a masentimita 5 a maluwa okongola achikasu. Maluwa, osayima amakhala nthawi yonse yotentha, mpaka nyengo yachisanu ikadzadza.
Mtundu wina wodziwika bwino ndi shrubby cinquefoil Red Ice (P. fruticosa Red Ace). Wolengedwa ku UK, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyanitsidwa ndi korona wozungulira wozungulira wopendekera mpaka 60 ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 100 cm.
Osawopa mpweya wamphesa wamzinda, chisanu komanso kulekerera tsitsi kosavuta, mbewuyo imakonda dzuwa kapena mchenga pang'ono, imayankha bwino kuthirira ndikutulutsa kwambiri nthawi yonse yotentha.
Maluwa a lalanje kapena a nsomba oterewa amawoneka bwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi masamba osalala, opepuka bwino.
Okonda maluwa ofiira, okhathamiritsa mundawo, adzakonda cinecefoil wa Marion Red Robin (P. fruticosa Marion Red Robin). Fomu la shrub limasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kochepa. Korona wandiweyani, wosapitirira 50 cm, amatha kukula mpaka 80 cm. Mphukira zofiirira zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira ochepa, pomwe maluwa akuluakulu amithunzi yowoneka bwino amakhala abwino kwambiri. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala limodzi komanso m'magulu.
Shrubby cinquefoil imadziwonetsera bwino m'malo otsika, pamtsetse ndi m'malo akuluakulu. Kusamalira mawonekedwe, mmera ungadulidwe, pomwe maluwa amatuluka mwachangu ndikubwezeretsa kwathunthu.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi maluwa oyera ndi Abbotswood cinquefoil (P. fruticosa Abbotswood). Poyerekeza ndi mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa, mbewuyi singatchedwe kuti yaying'ono. Chitsamba chokulirapo chimafikira kutalika pafupifupi 100 cm ndi mainchesi a 130-150 cm. Chimakhala chofanana ndi pilo yokhotakhota kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, yokutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, ndipo kale mu June pali maluwa akuluakulu owoneka bwino ndi kamvekedwe koyera komaso pachikasu.
Maluwa amatenga mpaka Seputembara, ndipo mutabzalidwa padzuwa, mbewuyo imamverera bwino kuposa pamthunzi wochepa, umamasuwa motalika komanso zochulukirapo. Chapakatikati, zitsamba zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zimetedwe.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa cinquefoil pakupanga kwamunda
Mitundu yonse ya udzu ndi shrubby imafunidwa pabedi lililonse la maluwa. Chifukwa chofunitsitsa, kukula mwachangu komanso maluwa ofunitsitsa, cinquefoil itha kudaliridwa bwino mu dera lililonse lotentha la Russia, chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha mitundu yoyenera ndikuphunzira zina zikhalidwe zomwe amakonda.
Kwa cinquefoil ndi yoyenera:
- nthaka yothiriridwa bwino;
- malo padzuwa kapena pamthunzi wopepuka pomwe mbewuyo si pachiwopsezo cha kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kuwola;
- kama wamaluwa, m'malire kapena mpanda waung'ono m'malire a mzindawo, popeza mmera suopa utsi ndi fumbi lokhalokha komanso mpweya wotulutsa m'mwamba.
Mitundu yonse ya sinquefoil sichimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo, nthawi yozizira bwino, makamaka ndi malo owuma oteteza mizu.
Kupanda kununkhira komanso maluwa ataliatali kumalola kuti zitsamba ndi mitundu ya udzu zibzalidwe pafupi ndi ana, malo ophunzitsira ndi zamankhwala, m'minda yodzaza anthu ndi m'mabwalo a nyumba zogona. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka mawonekedwe a semi- ndi terry mitundu, imatsimikizira kuphatikiza kwapadera ndi kapangidwe konyadira kwa eni malowo.
