Kubzala moyenera ndikusamalira dahlias panja

Dahlias ndi maluwa otchuka a m'munda omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino okula. Kulemera kwa phale lautoto, kusamalidwa kosavuta - zonsezi zimapangitsa Pet kukhala wokondedwa ndi anthu kwazaka zambiri.

Kusiyana kwa kukula kwa dahlias kunyumba ndi m'munda

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakukula mnyumba ndikukula mumsewu ayi. Chofunikira kwambiri pazomera zam'mimba ndizasanja yoyenera kubzala. Ndikofunika kusankha mitundu yosapitirira 80 cm.

Mitengo yocheperako yanyumba

Asanadzalemo mumphika, dothi limathiriridwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Kenako, nthaka imaloledwa kukhazikika bwino firiji.

Ma poto m'miphika amathandizidwanso nthawi zina, ndipo akamakula, amaphatikizidwanso kumathandizo.

Kunja kwakunja

Kubzala pabedi muyenera kudziwa zambiri paobzala, kulima, kuwasamalira ndi kuwasunga.

Sankhani malo oyimitsa

Dahlias amakonda dzuwa, kutentha ndi malo. Pakufikira kwawo, malo owunikira komanso lalikulu ndi ofunika. Sayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, chifukwa amachepetsa nthaka ndikupanga mthunzi.

Poyerekeza ndi maluwa aliwonse am'munda, dahlias amawoneka ngati zimphona zenizeni. Nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa kumbuyo kwa mabedi amaluwa, m'mphepete mwa mipanda, pafupi ndi gazebos m'minda yakutsogolo.

Kubzala tubers

Mitundu yosatha ya tuberous ikulangizidwa kuti iyikidwe pamalo otseguka masika a masika. Chapakati pa Russia, nthawi ino igwera pa 10 Meyi, komanso madera akumwera kale kwambiri.

Ngati timadzuwa tadzalidwa kwambiri, timayamba kuzizira.

1. Musanabzala, muyenera kukumba mabowo 30x30x30 cm kukula kwake.
2. Humus imayikidwa pansi pa aliyense wa iwo ndikuphatikizidwa ndi dothi.
3. Pambuyo pake wosanjikiza wa humus wokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza dothi.
4. Kenako ikani ma tubers, ndikusiya khosi la mizu pamwamba.
5. The tubers okha ayenera owazidwa ndi wosanjikiza dothi 4-6 cm.
6. Zomwe zimayamba zoyambira (kupitirira 20 cm), ndizo ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa ndi chithandizo.

Ngati dahlias yabzalidwa pagulu, ndiye kuti muyenera kuona mtunda pakati pa mbewu 1 mita.

Kukonzekera tubers chifukwa chodzala

Poyeserera, pali njira zitatu zakukonzekera tubers zobzala masika m'nthaka.

1 njira

Pezani zokhala ndi ma tubers kuchokera kumalo osungira yozizira ndipo yenderani ma tubers kuti mukhale ndi thanzi. M'nthawi yachisanu, amatha kuwuma kapena kuvunda.

Madera owonongeka amafunika kudulidwa ndi mpeni. Kenako nthanani ndi zigawozo ndi zobiriwira zabwino.

Kenako, ikani ma tubers m'mabokosi, kuphimba ndi lapansi, inyowetsani ndikudikirira kuti mphukira yoyamba iwonekere.

Mukamagona tubers ndi dothi, kumbukirani kuti pamwamba ayenera kutuluka pamwamba pa nthaka osachepera 3cm.

2 njira

Mabokosi okhala ndi tubers masiku 7 asanabzalidwe mutatha kukonza magawo amatengedwa panja ndipo ma tubers amafafiliridwa tsiku lililonse ndi madzi. Patatha sabata limodzi iwo amabzalidwa pansi.

3 njira

Zambiri tubers ikani nyemba zonyowaakhathamiritsa yofooka njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndi kupita kumalo dzuwa. Onjezerani pafupipafupi.

Nthamba zoyambirira nthawi zambiri zimawoneka mwachangu kwambiri (pambuyo pa masiku 3-4), ndipo ma tubers nawonso amakhala olimba.

Bzalani maluwa poyera Patatha masiku 20 kumera, ndipo ngati pakuwopseza chisanu chamadzulo, chivundikirani ndi chilichonse chophimba.

Zosamalira

Dahlias saumirira kuti asamalire komanso akhale ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake duwa lotere limatha kubzala bwino ndi wobzala novice.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Manyowa maluwa tikulimbikitsidwa nthawi 1 m'masiku 15, munthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa. Nthawi yomweyo, tapezanso feteleza wama mchere ndi organic.

Feteleza amapanga tikamasula tsambalo, pa nthawi yobzala komanso nthawi ya kukula. Pazakudya zina zowonjezera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito foliar ndi mizu.

Monga momwe ziliri ndi ziweto zam'munda zilizonse, feteleza amafunika kuyika pa nthawi yake

Kuthirira maluwa

Mizu yawo sinapangidwe bwino ndipo sangathe kutulutsa chinyontho kuchokera m'nthaka.

Madzi nthawi zambiri, koma pang'ono. Madzi sayenera kuyenda kuti mizu isayambe kuvunda. Panthawi yachilala maluwa amathiriridwa katatu pa sabata.

Chisamaliro chowonjezera: kumasula ndi kudula

Dahlias m'munda amafunika garter kapena othandizira. Izi sizovuta kuchita. Thamangitsani 1-2s kulowa pansi ndikuwamangira maluwa.

Popanda maluwa, mphepo, komanso mvula yamphamvu imatha kuthyola maluwa.

Kuyimitsa dothi pafupipafupi kulola mizu imalandira chakudya cha oxygen. Namsongole pafupi ndi duwa amafunika kuti udzu, popeza zimatenga michere m'nthaka.

Maluwa

Maluwa amayamba mu Julayi ndipo amatha mpaka chisanu choyamba. Nthawi yamaluwa imadalira mitundu ndi mtundu. Chomera chimodzi chimatha kukhala ndi 25 inflorescence. Duwa lililonse limamasula masiku 10-25. Nthawi yamaluwa, dothi pansi pa tchire limathirira madzi ambiri.

Kudya kwamaluwa kudzakusangalatsani pafupifupi masiku 20

Maluwa owuma ndi owuma kuchotsedwa pakufunika, yomwe imalola kuwonjezera nthawi yamaluwa. Mumitundu yamtundu wapachaka, kudula kwa maluwa owuma sikuchitika, ndikofunikira kutola mbewu.

Sikuti mitundu yonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula, chifukwa chake okonda maluwa ayenera kudziwa pasadakhale izi za mbewu yamtsogolo.

Ma Bush mapangidwe

Kwa dahlia wolemera maluwa ayenera kusiya kukula kwawo. Alangizidwa kuti apange tchire pomwe mphukira wafika kutalika masentimita 25-30. Kuti muchite izi, tsitsani tsinde la mphukira iliyonse masamba asanu.

Kenako, pa mphukira zokulira, masamba omwe amawonekera mumalo pakati pa masamba 3 ndi 5 amachotsedwa. Pambuyo maluwa a 1 tier wa mphukira, mutha kupitiriza mapangidwe a gawo lotsatira.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa tchire sikofunikira.

Zojambula posamalira mu kugwa

Dahlia m'miyezi yophukira tubers ndi mbewu zimapangidwaChifukwa chake, chisamaliro cha yophukira chimagwira ntchito yayikulu pakukulitsa ndi kubzala mbewu.

Hill

Mu Seputembala, ndikofunikira kuti mutulutse, ndikupanga ma tubercles 10-12 cm kotero mutha kuteteza tubers ku kutentha kochepa usiku.

Kudulira

Mitundu yosatha imadulidwa kumapeto kuti chitsa cha pafupifupi 15 cm chikhala. Imagwira itatha yoyamba chisanu.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Kuti tisunge mizu ya nyama osaya nthawi yozizira, ntchito yokonzekera ndiyofunikira. Ngati zambiri zomwe zaperekedwa zidzakhala zochepa, tafotokoza njirayi mwatsatanetsatane munkhani yokhudza nthawi yokumba ndi kusunga dahlias.

Kukonzekera kosungirako

Mu yophukira, muyenera kukumba tubers, kenako ndikuyeretsa bwino kuchokera kunthaka ndikutsuka. Pambuyo pake, tsitsani tubers yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kwa theka la ola. Pambuyo pake, amafunika kuti ziume pazowerengera.

Njira zoterezi zithandiza kuthetsa vuto la matenda omwe angakhalepo pa tubers. Ngati mukutsimikiza kuti ma tubers ndi athanzi, simungathe kuwasambitsa, koma ingotsukirani ku dothi ndi kuwapukuta.

Njira yothetsera wa potaziyamu permanganate ingakuthandizeni kuteteza tubers nthawi yachisanu

Kusunga

Ikani tubers yokonzekera nyengo yachisanu mumabokosi ndikuphimba ndi utuchi. Ikani mabokosiwo pamalo amdima, opumira. Kusungidwa koyenera Dahlia iyenera kukhala ndi magawo otsatirawa: kutentha kwa mpweya kuchokera + 1 mpaka + 7^zaC. ndi chinyezi 80-100%.

Zinthu zoterezi sizimalola kuti tubers ziume ndipo sizitsogolera kuti pakhale matawi osakhalitsa. Kutentha kofunikira nthawi zambiri kumasungidwa ndi cellars.

Pakatha mwezi umodzi, ma tubers amafunika onani mbali zowonongeka mbewu chotsani. Onaninso pambuyo pa miyezi 1-1.5.

Omwe alibe chiyembekezo chosungira malo ogonera, mutha kuphunzira ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zosungira yozizira:

• njira yokumbira dongo;
• njira ya parafini;
• njira kukulira ndi kumamatira filimu.

Kuswana

Posachedwa, aliyense wobzala adzafuna kuthana ndi kubalana kwa maluwa a dahlia. Izi sizovuta kuchita.

Kudula

Njira zofalitsira zodula zopindulitsa kwambiri.

1. Chapakati pa March, ikani ma tubers mu bokosi ndikawaza ndi lapansi. Pankhaniyi, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala lotseguka.
2. Nthawi ndi nthawi kuthirira nthaka.
3. Kutentha kumera kuyambira + 20 mpaka + 25⁰С.

Kudula - njira yodalirika yofalitsira

4. Zikamera zikamera, chepetsa kutentha mpaka + 15-17⁰С.
5. Kuthirira pambuyo pa izi kumalimbikitsidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo bokosilo liyenera kupita kumalo opepuka.
6. Maluwa akangokulira mpaka 10cm, amawadula kapena kuwaphwanya ndi kuwatumiza kuti azika mizu.

Mwakuchita izi, zatsimikiziridwa kuti kulima mu perlite (mwala woyambira mapiri ophulika) kumapereka mwayi wopulumuka kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa perlite, odulidwa a dahlia amakula mu chisakanizo cha ma turf ndi peat land 1: 1 kapena mumchenga wamtsinje wosambitsa.

Gawoli la Tuber

Kugawidwa kwa ma tubers kuyenera kuchitidwa musanakolole kapena musanabzale. Chitsa chomwe chimbidwa ndikuchapa chimayenera kugawidwa kuti chodzala chimakhala ndi tuber imodzi yokhala ndi masamba awiri pakhosi.

Osiyanasiyana tubers ndi zofunika ikani pansi pouma ndi kukhala pamalo abwino mpaka kufikira.

Mbewu

Ndikofunikira kudula inflorescence ndi mbewu mukugwa. Mukatha kucha nthangala, zimayenera kuchotsedwa mu inflorescence ndikuuma.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mbewu izi zitha lembani mbande.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga pa dahlias nthawi zambiri zimabzala ndikukhazikika. Mavuto ambiri:

Vutoli	Zimawoneka bwanji	Chifukwa	Njira yankhondo
Masamba owoneka	Mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo kenako mawanga a bulauni pamasamba	Kuchulukitsa kochuluka kwambiri	Chithandizo cha fungus
Gray zowola	Pali masamba a bulauni pamasamba, chomera chimawuma	Kuchulukitsa kochuluka kwambiri	Chithandizo cha fungus
Brown zowola	Kukulunga mphukira zazing'ono	Kubzala mitengo kwambiri	Kugwiritsa ntchito mafangayi

Pali matenda omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa.

Dzina la matenda	Mawonetsero akunja	Zoyenera kuchita
Kachilombo ka Mose	Maonekedwe amtambo wobiriwira kapena wachikaso	Maluwa atha kuwonongeka (kutentha chomera).
Masewera a Tuber	Zolembedwa pakhosi lazu	Idulani maluwa, kudula ma warts. khalani odula malowo ndi manganese. Chaka chimodzi musagwiritse ntchito nthaka yomwe ili ndi kachilombo pobzala.
Mycosis	Duwa limasanduka chikasu, ndipo mphukira zimasalala	Thirirani mbewu. Ngati chomera sichinachoke, chimawotchedwa. Zaka 4 zotsatira patsamba lino sizimadzala chilichonse

Kachilombo ka Mose

Pali tizirombo tambiri tomwe timakonda kugunda dahlias.

Dzina la tizilombo	Zizindikiro zake	Njira zoyendetsera
Ma nsabwe	Kuchenjera kwamaso ndi kusasamala kwa masamba, kukhalapo kwa zomatira zomatira	Ngati aphid madera sakhala ambiri - aduleni ndi masamba. Ngati aphid yatchulidwa, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la sopo (wobiriwira).
Gulugufe "Scoop-gamma"	Mapira a agulugufewa amatimeza mizu pafupi ndi dziko lapansi. Zomera zimafota, masamba satulutsa	Ngati mbozi ndizochepa, mutha kuzisonkhanitsa pamanja. Ngati pali mbozi zambiri, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha tchire ndi nthaka yokhala ndi mankhwala ofunikira idzafunika

Dahlias osatha komanso pachaka

Pakulima nyumba ndi matauni, mitundu yamuyaya ndi pachaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

1. Nthanga zobzalidwa ndi ma tubers mu Meyi, pomwe anaopseza chisanu atatha, ndipo nthawi yachisanu, ma tubers amayenera kusungidwa kunyumba. Ma dahlias oterewa amakula kwambiri komanso amakongola.

Amakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu. Perennial dahlias kovuta kupulumutsa m'nyumba yopanda mzinda. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, sizingawoneke kapangidwe kake kamawuni.

M'madera akumidzi, ndi okonda zenizeni komanso omasuka.

Pali mitundu ingapo yokhudzana ndi perennials

2. Zomwe zimakhalidwa zimakhala nyengo imodzi yokha. Amabzala mbande. Mosiyana ndi abale awo akulu, iwo samafikira kutalika ndi mawonekedwe angwiro.

Kwambiri zigwirizane ndi izi wamaluwa omwe palibe njira yoperekera chisanu nthawi yachisanu tubers.

Mitundu ya pachaka

Bambino

Kutalika kwa mitundu sikudutsa masentimita 25. Pachimake kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu. Terry inflorescence mpaka 8 cm. Maluwa a mitundu yowala bwino.

Cactus

Kutalika kwa zoterezi kumafika pamtunda wa 1. Ma petals a inflorescence amapindidwa m'matumba ndikuwoneka ngati singano. Maluwa a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yowala, voliyumu. Phukira kuyambira sabata la 16 pambuyo pofesa mbewu mpaka Novembala.

Opera

Kutalika mpaka 30 cm. Duwa lamtchire, lophulika. Ili ndi chikatikati chowoneka chikaso. Limamasula kuyambira sabata la 16-18 ndikabzala njere mpaka nthawi yachisanu yoyamba.

Mitundu yosatha

Vancouver

Bzalani kutalika kuchokera pa 70 mpaka 100 cm. M'mimba mwake maluwa 25 cm, mtundu wofiirira wofiirira ndi oyera oyera.

Akita

Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi 1-1.2 m.Danga lamaluwa ndi 20-25 cm. Utoto wake ndi wofiyira ndi mawonekedwe oyera. Limamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Sepemba.

Mtsinje wa Kelvin

Kutalika kwa tchire ndi 90-120 masentimita.Danga lamaluwa ndi 25-30 cm. Utoto ndi wachikaso, terry inflorescence. Amaluwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka kugwa.

Dahlia - Yambani ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Chimayambira kumapiri a Mexico. Kale, tubers a maluwa amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya za Aztec.

Pakadali pano, dahlias ndi amtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo, ndipo kukoma kwa mizu yawo sikudziwika kwa anthu. Kulima dimba kumadziwika m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Akulidwa kuti azikongoletsa ziwembu za m'munda, monga kapangidwe kawo koyambira kabu ndi poso.

Komanso ndiabwino zimawoneka ngati malo amtundu umodzi.

Kusiyana pakati pa dahlia ndi dalia

Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti dahlia adadziwika ndi dzina polemekeza botanist I. Georgi. Mbiri ya botanical "Dahlia" idaperekedwa polemekeza A. Dahl (wa ku Kifinisha wa ku Finland), yemwe adabweretsa maluwa ku Europe koyamba.

Pazifukwa izi, mbewuyo idatero mayina awiri: "dahlia" ndi "dahlia". Woyamba (dahlia) ndi wasayansi komanso wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo wachiwiri (dahlia) umangogwiritsidwa ntchito ku Russia ndi mayiko a CIS.

Dahlias ndi maluwa otakataka kwambiri ndipo osati otulutsa bwino poyerekeza ndi maluwa ena adimba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito duwa popanga mawonekedwe sikodabwitsa

Mtundu waziphokoso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ungagonjetse wolima bwino kwambiri. Makhalidwe onse a duwa akuwonetsa kuti dahlia imatha kukhala chowala chowala mumapangidwe amakono kwambiri.