Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa anthu oiwalika kuli chinyontho ku Europe, Asia, America, South Africa, Australia, ndi New Zealand. Mwa mitundu 50 yomwe ilipo, iwiri,, ndi mitundu yosatha, 35 imamera mu CIS.
Kunja, mbewu iyi ndi yokongola kwambiri - imakhala nthambi, kutalika 10 mpaka 40 masentimita, mphukira imavala korona wamtambo (pinki ndi yoyera imapezeka) maluwa ndi maso achikaso, osonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence-curls. Ku Russia, duwa limakhala lotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti dimba, kulikonse komwe limakulirako, ndikosavuta.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Musaiwale-osati-nkhalango - Chomera chodziwika bwino cha m'nkhalango za Central Europe ndi Carpathians wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri zosaposa 30 cm wamtali komanso masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Mthunzi wololera komanso wachikondi chinyezi pachikhalidwecho umakulidwa ngati zaka ziwiri. Maluwa a maluwa am'mwamba ndi 10mm m'mimba mwake, pomwe mitundu yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, maluwa omwe amapaka pinki ndi buluu, mwachitsanzo, mitundu osayiwala-osati-pompadour - khungu lakuda.
Musaiwale-osati munda kufalikira ku gawo la ku Europe la Russia ndi Siberia wakummwera, kumatha kutalika masentimita 70. Malangizo a masamba amawongoka kapena opanda mawonekedwe. Ma corollas a maluwa amtambo wabuluu, omwe amakhala ndi miyala 5, ndi 6-10 mm mulifupi.
Iwalani-ine-osati chithaphwi analinso ku Central Europe ndi Mongolia. Kutalika kwake ndi 30 cm, ndipo maluwa amtambo ndi amtali - mpaka 12 mm mulifupi. Oiwalika sagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi.
Iwalani Alpine - imamera m'malo amiyala m'madera a Alps, Carpathians ndi Caucasus. Wina wosaiwalika-wopanda-ine, osati wotsika (kuchokera 5 mpaka 15 cm wamtali) wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri amtambo wakuda. M'minda, mumatha kupeza mitundu yake, m'malo mwachilengedwe.
Musaiwale-osati-zokwawa (ozizira) fosholo, osati zambiri zowoneka bwino, masamba oblong amakula m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'malo onyowa komanso tundra.
Iwalani-ine-osati Khakass - Kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, komwe kumawombera kwambiri ndipo masamba amakakamizidwa kwa iwo. Blue corollas ndi 6-7 mm m'mimba mwake. Amakula m'mphepete mwa Khakassia ndi Siberia.
Iwalani-ine-osati kumwera kuchokera ku New Zealand ndi chomera chobwera mpaka 45cm chotalika ndi tsinde lolunjika nthambi, masamba obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa achikasu kapena oyera.
Iwalani-ine-osati Chekanovsky - osapitirira 15 cm, wokhala ndi ma corollas ang'onoang'ono a buluu (5-6 mm). Chomera sichachilendo kwambiri, koma chimapezeka pamiyala m'miyala yamtsinje wa Lena.
Iwalani-ine-osati-yaying'ono (kufinya) - chaching'ono (kuyambira 3 mpaka 15 cm) pachaka chokhala ndi maluwa owongoka. Ma Corollas ndi ochepa kwambiri - awiri okha mamilimita awiri, opaka utoto wamtambo kapena wabuluu. Chimakula ponseponse m'matanthwe, m'matanthwe ndi mchenga, pafupi ndi misewu, m'minda.
Iwalani ine-osati-oak - osatha, kuchokera 10 mpaka 40 cm kutalika kwake, ndi kachilomboka kowirikiza, chowombera kapena chowoneka bwino, masamba azithunzi ndi corolla yamitundu iwiri - pinki pachiyambi, kenako azure buluu.
Iwalani-ine-osabzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Pofuna kuti musasokoneze kulima kwa anthu amaiwalako, ndikofunikira kusankha malo amtundu kapena amdima.
Kusiyana kwake ndi Alpine saiwala-osati-, yemwe amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa kwambiri. Mitundu ina yonse imadziwikanso ndi kuchepa kwakawiri konseka kwamaluwa m'malo opepuka.
Kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika mokhazikika, monganso chinyezi, kutha kwa mizu ndikotheka. Ndibwino kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, koma ndimadzi ambiri, ngakhale ndimandiiwala- sakonda magawo ang'onoang'ono omwe amatsanulidwa masana.
Brunner wokhala ndi masamba akulu ndi nthumwi ya banja la Burachnikov. Mutha kuwerengera zomwe zanenedwa pankhani ykubzala ndi kusamalira duwa lino.
Iwalani-ine-osati dothi
Nthaka yoyenera kwa iwala-i-nots imawerengedwa kuti ndi yonyowa komanso yokometsedwa pang'ono. Nthaka yaconde kwambiri, kuphatikiza manyowa atsopano, imalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba, zomwe pambuyo pake zidzayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa nyengo zamtundu wa kukula ndi kukula.
Tisaiwale kuti chomera chimafunikira ngalande zabwino kuti zisagwidwe ndi mizu komanso zimayambira, zomwe zimakonda kuwonongeka.
Iwalani-ine-osati kumuyika
Ubwino wosakayikitsa wa kuyiwalika, kofunika pakukongoletsa munda, ndiko kukana kwake kupitilira. Kuthekera kwakuti mmera ungachite izi ndi pafupifupi zana limodzi.
Komabe, apa mukuyenera kuganizira za vuto limodzi lalikulu - mutayika, ndikuiwala, sayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Mwambiri, njirayi ili ndi magawo anayi:
- kukonzanso tsamba latsopano ndikusintha nthaka ndikusakaniza ndi peat ndi humus;
- kukumba pang'ono pang'onopang'ono pokuiwalani ndi muzu ndi mtengo kapena pulasitiki kuti musavulaze tsinde;
- kukumba kabowo kakang'ono ndikubzala mbewu mmenemo;
- kuthirira.
Ngati njirayi yakonzekera kugwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha nthawi isanayambe chisanu, chifukwa ndikosavuta kuti mbewuyo izisintha m'nthaka yopanda dothi. Iwalani-osati-bwino komanso kupatsirana nthawi yamaluwa!
Iwalani-ine osadyetsa
Palibe kuvala kwapadera kwapamwamba komwe kumafunikira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyamwa feteleza wachilengedwe musanatsike maluwa.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pamenepa, mlingo uliwonse wowopseza ungathe kukhazikitsa chivundikiro, osati chikhalidwe cha mbewu izi. Pakatikati, kusakaniza kwa peat kompositi (pamtunda wosanjikiza 3-5 cm) ndioyenera ngati feteleza.
Musaiwale-osati kudulira
Chomera chikazirala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichotse toyesa pachaka, chifukwa amasiya kukongoletsa ndipo zimawonongera zonse.
Nthambi zanyengo masamba asanafike zimadulidwa pafupi ndi muzu, kenako nkuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce. Oiwalika-osawopa nthawi yozizira, komabe, kutentha kwamphamvu kuphatikizika ndi chipale chofewa chambiri, mwina sangapulumuke.
Iwalani-ine-osakula kuchokera ku mbewu
Oiwalika-iwowo amadziwika ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu. Zofesedwa mu Meyi-June m'mazizira obiriwira.
Kuyika pamalowo kumachitika tsiku lomaliza la Ogasiti kapena chaka chamawa chakumapeto. Chomera chimadzifesa mwamphamvu.
Musaiwale-osati-kufalitsa ndi odulidwa
Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuiwala, njira yofalitsira pochita kudula ndiyofunika; nthawi yomweyo, imawoneka yotchuka kwambiri pazomera izi. Sankhani tchire zokuliratu ndikudula zodula kwambiri pansi pa mphukira.
Amaikidwa m'madzi kuti azika mizu, kenako nkudzalidwa m'nthaka. Dziko lisanabzalidwe liyenera kukonzedwa bwino - nyowetsani, manyowa ndi peat ndi humus, pangani maenje ang'onoang'ono.
Zodulidwa zomwe zimakonkhedwa ndi dothi louma komanso kuthiriridwa pansi pamzu. Pambuyo masiku 5, mbewu zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizidyetsedwa feteleza wachilengedwe wopanda ammonia.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Oiwala-anga-angakhudzidwe imvi ndi ufa wowuma. Poyambirira, tchire zimapulumutsidwa pokonza matenda a chomera, zotsalazo ndi chithandizo cha Bordeaux chamadzimadzi kapena mkuwa wamkuwa.
Powdery mildew imathandizira kuthana ndi kupopera mbewu m'mawa kapena madzulo ndi yankho lomwe lili ndi izi: 10 malita a madzi, 1 kg ya phulusa la nkhuni ndi sopo ochapira.
Wamaluwa amalangiza ngati njira yothanirana ndi kuyeretsa namsongole pamalowo, kuti apange mbewu zosakulira komanso kuthirira mbewuzo moyenera.
Musaiwale-zinthu zopanda pake
Zosaiwalika-osati-petals zimakhala ndi anthocyanins, chifukwa chomwe ma phalewo amakhala amtambo. Zinthu izi zimazindikira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a chomera - amachotsa kutupa, amalimbikitsa kuchotsedwa kwa sputum m'mapapu ndikuchepetsa thukuta, kuyimitsa magazi.
Kwenikweni, muzochitika zamankhwala, juwisi ndi ufa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa yamkamwa ndi ziwalo zoberekera, sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kuzikika kuchokera ku mizu kunja kwa matenda amaso komanso chowonjezera pakusamba pakakhala zotupa pakhungu ndi khungu louma.
