M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, pomwe masamba ambiri panyumba atamasulidwa kale ndipo akupuma, cyclamen imayamba kuphuka. Chomera chamuyaya ichi ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chisamaliro kunyumba chidzakondwera ndi maluwa ake abwino kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Marichi. Onse oyambira ndi odziwa zamaluwa aluso amayamikira ngwazi ya nkhaniyi chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, fungo labwino komanso njira zingapo zolerera. Mitundu yosiyana ya duwa, yomwe imapangidwa ndi obereketsa, idzapangitsa kusankha mawonekedwe amtundu wanyumba iliyonse mkati.
Kufotokozera kwapadera ndi mitundu yama cyclamens
Cyclamen kapena alpine violet - Ichi ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka tuber kopanda masamba ambiri ndi maluwa owala osazolowereka. Masamba a duwa amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Maluwa a chomera amatuluka pamwamba pa masamba ndipo amatha kukhala ochepa kapena akulu, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Maluwa achilengedwe ndi ephemeroids. Izi zikutanthauza kuti masamba ndi maluwa amakula miyezi yowerengeka yokha, ndipo nthawi yonseyo, tuber ya mbewuyo imagona pansi panthaka. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsangalabwi za mapiri omwe amatha kukula komanso kuphuka pafupifupi pachaka.
Ma cyclamens onse amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ndi mitundu yambiri, yomwe imasiyana mitundu, terry ndi kukula kwa maluwa komanso kutalika kwa chomera chokha.
KutalikaAgawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- wopindika amakula mpaka 15 cm;
- apakatikati - mpaka 20 cm;
- muyezo - mpaka 30 cm.
Mitundu yama cyclamens
Persian imasiyanitsidwa ndi kachulukidwe kozungulira, mizu yomwe imachokera kumtunda. Masamba a chomeracho amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa komanso amtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi siliva kapena imvi. Pazitali zazitali zazitali, maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe amakhala kwambiri amawoneka ngati mapiko a gulugufe. Kutalika kwa maluwa amodzi kumakhala pafupifupi masiku khumi. Komabe, maluwa atamasulidwa, maluwa pafupifupi 100 amatha kuphuka pamtengowo, motero cyclamen yaku Persia imatha kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Marichi.
Ma cyclamen aku Europe akuchokera kumwera ndi pakati pa Europe, ndipo samadziwika kawirikawiri m'misonkho yakunyumba. Mizu ya mmera nthawi zambiri imakhala yosakhazikika. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono mpaka masentimita awiri ali ndi mtundu wa pinki komanso fungo labwino. Zomera zimayambira mu Meyi mpaka Seputembara.
Kusamalira bwanji?
Kunyumba, chisamaliro cha maluwa sichovuta kwambiri, koma pamafunika kutsatira malamulo ena.
- Choyamba, kwa alpine violets, muyenera kupeza malo abwino. Chomera, ngakhale chosasangalatsa, koma chimakonda kuwala kosalala ndi zipinda zouma bwino. Zokongoletsedwa ku duwa ndizophatikizika.
- Kutentha ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ndi za mbewu zomwe zimakonda kuzizira, motero, sizimalola kutentha kwambiri. Alpine violet imakhala momasuka pa kutentha kuyambira + 14C mpaka + 16C.
- Ngati nthawi yotentha ilibe njira yosungitsira kutentha bwino, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imasamutsidwira kuchipinda chapansi. Komabe, pazikhala kuwunika kokwanira mchipindacho. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti duwa lingasiyidwe m'chipinda momwe kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira + 25C.
- Munthawi yachisanu, ma batri kapena ma batri ena otenthetsera magetsi atayatsidwa mchipindacho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika cyclamen kutali ndi magwero othandizira. Potere, muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi chambiri m'chipindacho, ndikuthirira mbewuyo munthawi yake.
- Kutentha kochepa kwambiri m'nyumba komanso kuthirira kwambiri kumayamba kubweretsa kuwonongeka, kenako mpaka kumwalira kwa duwa.
Momwe mungamwere bwino?
Alpine violet ndi chomera cha hygrophilous, yomwe panyumba iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi yake, mokwanira komanso pafupipafupi.
Kutsirira kumafunika kulondola nthawi iliyonse pamoyo wamaluwa. Cyclamen tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuthiriridwa madzi mu poto, popeza madzi kulowa, zimayambira, peduncles kapena tuber amakwiya kuzungulira. Zodula kapena maluwa zimayamba kukhala zophimbidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni, kenako chomera chimafa.
Madzi othirira mbewuyo ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa malo ndi kukhazikika. Kuthirira mbewu ndi madzi apampo osavomerezeka. Ngati duwa likufuna kuthirira, koma kulibe madzi okhazikika mnyumbamo, mutha kuwathira ndi madzi owiritsa, omwe kale anali atakhazikika m'chipinda.
Mukamasamalira Alpine violet, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti madzi mu poto ndi mphika samayenda nthawi yayitali. Maluwa atathiridwa madzi, ndipo magawo onse a dothi amadzaza ndi chinyezi, kuchokera pallet ayenera kuthira madzi owonjezera.
Tuber yamtundu wa Persia imamera pamwamba pamtunda, kotero mbewuyo imatha kuthiriridwa monga momwe zimakhalira.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kawiri pamwezi panthawi yomwe masamba akugwira komanso nthawi yamaluwa, Alpine violet amayenera kudyetsedwa.
Kuthira manyowa kunyumba kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi yothirira ndi feteleza wapadera wa maluwa. Nthawi yomweyo, feteleza wa nayitrogeni sayenera kuzunzidwa, owonjezera omwe angawononge kwambiri kuchuluka ndi maluwa, ndikupangitsa kuti masamba apangidwe akhale olimba.
Kusamalira matalala
Mbewuyo ikafota, masamba ake yambani kutembenuka chikasu ndikugwa. Ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti duwa likulowa. Panthawi imeneyi, kunyumba, Alpine violet amafunika chisamaliro chapadera.
Masamba onse owuma ndi maluwa ayenera kudulidwa.- Masamba olimba amafunika kudulidwa pafupi ndi muzu. Kudula sikulimbikitsidwa.
- Kuthirira mbewu sikofunikira kwenikweni komanso yaying'ono. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse.
- Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kukonzanso mphikawo m'malo abwino, opanda chofewa.
Masamba onse owuma ndi maluwa ayenera kudulidwa.Pambuyo maluwa, moyo wa alpine violets umathandizidwa ndi tuber wake.
Thirani
Kusamalira mbewu kunyumba kumaphatikiza maluwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa chilimwe. Ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena:
- pambuyo povundikira, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a tuber a mbewuyo liyenera kukhalabe pamwamba pa nthaka;
- kupandikiza kumachitika mumphika, womwe umayenera kukhala wokulirapo 2-2,5 cm kuposa woyamba;
- nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa modziyimira pokhapokha ngati pepala lochokera, mchenga wamtsinje, humus ndi peat malinga ndi 3: 1: 1: 1;
- musanabzale pansi pa mphika, muyenera kuthira dongo lokhazikika, kenako ndikuwonjezera dothi lokonzedwamo, pomwe muyikemo ndikuwaza m'mphepete ndi zosakaniza zadothi;
- kuthirira mbewu kumatha kuyamba patangodutsa masiku 10 mpaka 12;
- koyambirira kwa Seputembala, masamba ang'onoang'ono akayamba kupanga, duwa liyenera kukonzedwanso m'malo abwino koma dzuwa.
Zoyambitsa matenda
Zimakhala zamanyazi ngati mumayang'anira chomera kunyumba kutsatira malangizo onse, koma duwa lidayamba kufota. Pankhaniyi, mwina Malamulo ena amaphwanyidwa:
cyclamen adayikidwa malo otentha kwambiri;- mmera umawokedwa mumphika wambiri;
- duwa linathiriridwa osati kudzera mu thireyi, koma mwachindunji pa tuber;
- mbewuyo sinadyeredwe kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena kudyetsa feteleza ndi nitrogen yambiri.
cyclamen adayikidwa malo otentha kwambiri;Nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zingakhale tizirombo. Kusintha kwa maluwa ndi masamba kungasonyeze kuti mbewuyo imagwidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, kupindika kapena nkhupakupa. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chapadera chofunikira.
Ndi kuthirira kwambiri kapena kusunga alpine violets m'chipinda chozizira kuvunda kwa tuber kumatha kuyamba. Potere, iyenera kutulutsidwa pansi ndikuchotsa malo omwe akudwala. Kenako tuber imatsukidwa munjira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, youma pang'ono ndikubwerekanso mumphika wothira pansi osakaniza.
Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi ndikuonera malangizo a kanema, mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti chisamaliro cha kunyumba sichovuta. Lamulo lalikulu ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro onse a akatswiri olima maluwa mutadzala ndi kusamalira maluwa. Mupatseni nthawi ndikusamalira, ndipo adzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake ambiri komanso okongola.
