Tulips akhala akuti ndi chinthu chosiririka Kummawa, kamodzi ku Europe, adabweretsa chidwi chachikulu, ndikukhala imodzi mwamasamba okondedwa komanso wamba. Masiku ano, alimi a tulip ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tulips, zithunzi ndi mayina awo zomwe zingapangitse chidwi chokongoletsa madera awo ndi maluwa.
Mitundu yambiri yamtchire ndi zikhalidwe zidakakamiza botanists ndi ma connoisseurs a tulips kuti apange ndikupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe kake kapadera, kamene kali ndi magulu angapo ndi magulu.
Malo apadziko lonse lapansi omwe asankhidwa tulip anali Netherlands. Pobwera kuno zaka zambiri zapitazo, chikhalidwe chopambana tsopano ndi chikondi ndi ntchito ya moyo wonse. Chifukwa chake, mitengo yotsimikizika yakale komanso yowoneka yatsopano ya Chidatchi idakali maziko a chosunga chilichonse.
Pofika nthawi ya maluwa, mbewu zimagawidwa koyambirira, pakati komanso mochedwa. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a duwa ndi chiyambi chake, tulips amagawidwa m'magulu khumi ndi asanu, omwe ambiri amapatsidwa ma hybrids a Gesner ndi Foster tulips.
Popeza mitundu yazomera zakutchire ndizokongoletsa, monga tulip ya Bieberstein, kalasi yodzipatula imaperekedwanso kwa iwo. Zomera zamtundu, momwe obereketsa akugwira ntchito mokangalika, amakhalanso ndi magawo awo. Awa ndi tulips a Kaufman, Foster ndi Greig.
Gulu lamaluwa oyambira maluwa
Zithunzi za tulips ndi mayina amitundu yamaluwa oyambira nthawi zonse zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa wamaluwa. Izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa m'masiku oyamba ofunda mumafunadi mitundu yowala. Pakati pa mababu a masika, tulips amakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu kwambiri. Komabe, mitundu yoyambirira yamtundu wosavuta ndi wamtambo wamtali ndi yocheperapo kutalika ndipo imasiyana ndi anzawo.
Ziphuphu zoyambirira zosavuta kapena Tulipa single koyambirira zimaphatikizidwa mu Gulu 1. Zomera mpaka 40 cm zazitali ndi corollas yaying'ono ya Gesner ndi Schrenk tulips. Kutengera ndi mitundu, kukula kwa duwa longa maluwa kumafika masentimita 5-7. Mitundu yofiyira komanso yachikaso imakhala yayikulu pamtunda wa maluwa. Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri yoyambirira, mwachitsanzo, utoto wofiirira wofiirira wa mitundu ya Purple Prince womwe ukujambulidwa m'chithunzichi.
Posachedwa, kutchuka kwa mitundu yoyambira ya tulip kutulutsa kuyambira pakati pa Epulo kukukula, komwe kumathandiziridwa ndi kuthekera kokakamiza maluwa, koma maudongo amphamvu koma ofunika nthawi zonse sakhala oyenera kudula.
Kalasi Yachiwiri Tulipa Yachiwiri Yoyambirira yopanga timiyala takale timeneti tidapezedwa zitangotuluka kumene chikhalidwe chitangochitika kumene. Dzinalo la Chingerezi la gululo limamasulira kuti "pawiri", lomwe limalongosola molondola momwe duwa limapangidwira, ngati kuti lili ndi ma nimbus awiri ophatikizana.
Masiku ano, obereketsa akupereka mwayi kwa olima dimba kuti akulitse maluwa odzala ndi ma petals owonjezereka. Zomera zamtunduwu ndizodumphadumpha, zolimba, pachimake kwa milungu iwiri ndipo ndizabwino kukula m'miphika, komanso kuphukira kwa masika.
Zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi ndi dzina la tulips sing'anga zamaluwa
Gulu lachiwiri la mbewu limagwirira ntchito zotchuka komanso zotchuka kwambiri za Darwin ndi Triumph.
Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tapamwamba mu Gulu Lachitatu ndi gulu limodzi la mbewu zomwe zili ndi maluwa akulu akulu okhala ndi maluwa obiriwira mpaka masentimita 70. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka zam'mbuyomu ndipo mitundu yatsopano ndiyabwino kulima. Alimi a maluwa amakopeka ndi maluwa olimba a tulips ndi maluwa omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe awo, ofanana ndi magalasi avinyo okongola bwino. Maluwa amayamba zaka khumi zapitazi za Epulo ndipo amatenga masiku 7-12.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, maluwa okhazikika komanso kupezeka kwa osati ofiira, komanso achikasu, a pinki tulips, mbewu zokhala ndi zoyera, zofiirira komanso ma corollas amitundu iwiri, mitundu yoyambirira yam'mbuyomu imadziwika ndi opanga mawonekedwe, olima maluwa wamba komanso omwe samakonda tulips mu maluwa. Chidwi cha okhala chilimwe m'gulululi amathandizidwa ndi:
- mitundu yopanda ulemu;
- konsekonse kwa cholinga;
- mitundu yambiri;
- maluwa akulu, oteteza mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe;
- kuchulukitsa kazomera;
- kuthekera kugwiritsa ntchito distillation pakati komanso mochedwa mawu.
Wamtali, wolimbana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi majeremusi komanso osinthika kwambiri chifukwa chotenga mphamvu pakusinthika, ma hybrids a Darwin amapikisana pamiyeso yofanana ndi Triumph tulips ndi mawonekedwe a Class 4, ochulukirapo monga woyamba.
Zomera zoterezi ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa cha mitundu ya tulip yotchedwa Apeldoorn yomwe ili pachithunzichi, yomwe idawonetsa bwino kuthekera kobala ana mosiyana ndi mbewu za makolo pomera zipatso.
Mtundu wina, womwe umadziwika kale mu Soviet Union, ndi Parade tulip, wopezedwa mu 50s ndipo umakongoletsabe misewu ya mizinda yaku Russia ndi maluwa a nzika za chilimwe.
Chikasu chachikaso chomwe chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi mitundu yapitayi chimatchedwa Golden Parade ndipo chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazabanja kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yoyambira kumapeto.
Zonthu zonse za Darwin nthawi zambiri zimadziwika ndi utoto wofiira kapena utoto wamtundu waukulu, pafupifupi 10 masentimita okwera. Maluwa mu nyengo yamadzuwa amatha kutseguka kwathunthu, zomwe zimathandizira kutsika kwawo.
Masamba otulutsa maluwa mochedwa: peony, kosavuta ndi magulu ena
Gululi ndiwowonjezera komanso motley, onse muutoto komanso mawonekedwe a corollas, mitundu yophatikizidwira. Tulips amapanga magulu asanu ndi awiri odziimira pawokha, ena omwe akukangalika mwachangu, ndipo ena posachedwapa akhala mbiri.
Kalasi 5 imaphatikizapo mitundu ya tulips yosavuta kapena Tulipa single Late yokhala ndi maudindo mpaka 75 cm kutalika ndi ma corollas ngati dzira. Mbale zamtunduwu zimakhala zowongoka, ndipo pansi pa duwa kamakhala lalikulu pafupifupi. Kalasi iyi ndiyosiyana siyana. Mitundu iliyonse ndi kuphatikiza kwake ndizotheka pano.
Ma tulips oyera ndi akuda amawoneka owoneka bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi inzake, omwe akuimiridwa ndi Mfumukazi ya Night mitundu mu chithunzi. Zosiyanasiyana zotumphukira mkati mwa Meyi ndizabwino kwambiri pamaluwa ndi odulidwa, koma sizoyenera kupatsirana, chifukwa ndizitali kwambiri.
Maluwa okongola kwambiri a mtundu wa lilac a Tulipa Lilyflowering amapanga Gulu Lachisanu.
Zomerazi zimachokera ku Turkey, chifukwa chokhala opirira pang'ono, zifalikira posachedwa ku Europe. Chofunikira kwambiri mkalasi ndi miyala yake yolowera, ndikupanga corolla yapamwamba kwambiri yofanana ndi kakombo. Kutalika kwa Peduncle ndi 50 - 60 cm.
Mu phale la tulips zokhala ngati kakombo ndi zoyera, monga chithunzi, pinki, lilac, matupi achikasu ndi ofiira, komanso kuphatikiza kwawo kambiri.
Mu Kalasi 7, mutha kuwona maluwa azithunzi zonse kuchokera kuzosavuta kupita ku lilac kapena pawiri.
Komabe, mitundu yonse imakhala ndi chizindikiro chimodzi - kukhalapo kwa chingwe chooneka ngati singano kumapeto kwa miyala. Maluwa oyamba amitundu iyi adawonedwa theka loyamba la zaka zapitazi, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, mitundu yosadziwika bwino yodulidwa komanso mawonekedwe okongoletsa amawonekera pafupipafupi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano kwambiri m'magulu a udzuwo - Kalasi 8 imapangidwa ndi Tulipa Viridiflora masamba okongola obiriwira omwe amapezeka muzomera zosinthika zosavuta.
Itha kusiyanitsidwa kuchokera kwa inzake ndi chingwe chobiriwira chambiri chodutsa pakati mwa kakombo ka m'mphepete aliyense. Chifukwa cha izo, masamba a tulip amawoneka obiriwira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo mtundu wawo wowona amawoneka pokhapokha pakutha. Wotchuka kwambiri mkalasi ndi tulip yam'madzi ya Spring Green yomwe imawonetsedwa mu chithunzi.
Kutalika ndi kutalika kwa matandala kunapangitsa tulips a gululi kupezeka kuti azikongoletsa malowa, komanso kuti azidula.
Ngati giredi lachisanu ndi chitatu ndilatsopano, ndiye kuti Class 9, yopangidwira tulips ya Rembrandt, ilibe chiyembekezo. Gulu la mitundu iyi, lodziwika bwino kuchokera kujambulidwe kwa zojambula za ku Dutch ndi Flemish za m'zaka za zana la 17-18, lathetsedwa lero, ndipo mitundu yotsalira pambuyo paukhondo wa kalasi yasinthidwa kupita m'magulu ena.
Cholinga cha izi ndikukonzekera kwachomera kachilombo koyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana oopsa, komwe kumayambitsa kuwoneka ngati mikwingwirima ndi mikwingwirima yazithunzi zosiyanasiyananso pamatchulidwewo.
Ma Parrot tulips okhala ndi miyala yanthano yokongola yomwe imafanana ndi nthenga za mbalame zosowa zopanga Gulu 10. Zomera zamtunduwu sizimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake odabwitsa a corollas, komanso kukula kwake.
Danga lamaluwa limatha kufikira 20 cm, lomwe limayika zofunikira zake mwamphamvu ya ma peduncle. Zovuta za parrot tulips ndizolimba, koma osati zazitali kwambiri, zomwe zimakula mpaka 40-60 cm. Popewa kutayika kwa maluwa chifukwa cha mphepo kapena mvula yambiri, mbewu zimapereka chitetezo chodalirika, ndipo nthawi zina zimathandizira.
Terry mochedwa tulips, opanga Class 11, malinga ndi fanizo loyambirira, amatchedwa Tulipa Double Late. Komabe, gululi liri ndi dzina lina, lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe okongola a duwa lalikulu - maluwa a peony.
Poyerekeza ndi maluwa awiri omwe amatsegulidwa kumapeto kwa Epulo, ma corollas omwe ali kumapeto kwambiri amakhala achikulire kwambiri komanso achikulire, monga mbadwa ya Apeldoorn tulip, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Double Beauty Of Apeldoorn.
Monga parrot tulips, mitundu yamapiri yamtunda yokhala ndi mitu yolemetsa imafunikira thandizo ndi kubzala pamalo otetezedwa ndi mphepo. Ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso chisamaliro, mbewu izi zomwe zimayambira mpaka masentimita 60 zimapanga chikhazikitso pa maluwa okongola kwambiri komanso kowala.
Posachedwa kwambiri wamaluwa wapatsidwa Ice Cream tulip yokhala ndi miyala yayikulu kwambiri ya mthunzi wamabulosi amiyala yayikulu ndi mbewa yoyera ngati chipale chofewa ngati nyanga. Ngakhale kuti mitunduyo ndi yatsopano, lero chithunzi cha tulip Ice cream chimakongoletsedwa osati ndi ma catalogs a babu, komanso ndi ziwembu za nzika za chilimwe za ku Russia.
Tulips zamtundu: gulu lachinayi m'magulu azigawo
Gulu lachinayi ndi mitundu ya tulips, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha maskhola ndipo imakula ngati mbewu zodzikongoletsera.
Kalasi 12 imaperekedwa kwa Kaufman tulips, omwe amatulutsa mu Marichi, amatha kutalika 30 cm, ndipo maluwa ake okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala okhazikika pamiyala yotsika komanso pamiyala.
Zomera zokulira, zazitali kwambiri mwa mitundu yonseyo, sizimangokhala izi zokha, komanso maluwa akuluakulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zamitundu yambiri yamakono yamagulu ena ndi magulu. Ziphuphu zokulira zitseguka mu Epulo ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimakopa chidwi ndi ma petals osazungulira kumtunda.
Mitundu ya Greig tulips ndi ma hybrids omwe amapanga Class 14 ndiosavuta kusiyanitsidwa ndi masamba okhala ndi utoto ndi mikwingwirima. Ngakhale mbewu zamtunduwu sizili zazitali kwambiri, chifukwa chokongoletsa kwambiri komanso maluwa ambiri, amakhala olandilidwa nthawi zonse pamalowa.
Class 15 ili ndi mitundu yamtchire tulips. Poyerekeza ndi mbadwa zawo zam'munda ndi abale, nyamazo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa botanical, zimakhala zazifupi, zimatha kuzolowera malo ovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi chithumwa samakhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena kuthana nawo kwathunthu.
