Loganberry - imodzi ya nthangala za rasipiberi-mabulosi akutchire

Ma genetics amawawona ngati ma hybrids awa ndi njira yolimbikitsa kwambiri pakupangira mbewu izi, akukhulupirira kuti mitundu yatsopano imalandira zokolola zambiri, kusagwira dothi komanso kulima zinthu kuchokera ku mabulosi akuda, ndipo kuuma kwake kwa dzinja komanso kopanda tanthauzo kumachokera ku raspberries.

Loganberry, Logan mabulosi, kapena Logan mabulosi (Loganberry)

Mtundu umodzi wamavuto a Loganberry wosakanizidwa ndi motere: Woweruza Logan (USA) anakulira mtundu wamtundu wa Auginbaug m'munda pafupi ndi wakale rasipiberi wa Red Antwerp. Logan anafesa kamodzi mbewu za zipatso za m'modzi mwa "makolo" motero adalandira mbande zosakanizidwa. Mwa awa, ma hybrbr omwe anali ndi mabulosi ofiira kwambiri anasankhidwa, omwe anafalikira mwachangu pakati pa olima dimba. Kenako mbewu zatsopano zophatikiza zinaoneka - mabulosi akutchire a Boyzen (mabulosi a Boysenova), mabulosi akutchire a Young (mabulosi a Achinyamata), ndi ena otere, omwe adatchulidwanso dzina la obereketsa awo. Wodziwika kwambiri mwaiwo amadziwika kuti ndi Teybury zosiyanasiyana (Thay mabulosi) omwe amapezeka ku England (owerenga ayenera kukumbukira mitundu iyi). Ku Russia, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, I.V. anali atapanga nawo mitundu yatsopano ya rasipiberi-mabulosi akutchire. Michurin.

Logan mabulosi amaphatikiza kwenikweni zizindikiro zothandiza zachuma za rasipiberi ndi mabulosi akuda. Zizindikiro zabwino za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndizosowa kwa minga, zipatso zazikulu ndi zokoma, zipatso zochulukirapo, kulimba kwa nyengo yozizira, ndipo, chofunikira kwambiri kwa okonza dimba, mikhalidwe yapamwamba yokongoletsa. Ku Russia, mbewuyi imangopezeka kokha m'malo a olimawo amateur. Logan mabulosi mitundu shrubling tchire ndi zikuluzikulu zimayambira kutalika kwa 1.5 - 2.0 mamita ndi zofuna magawo pa trellises. Trellis akulimbikitsidwa kuti ipangidwe mwanjira yoti, mutakolola kuchokera ku tchire, ikhoza kuyikidwa pansi limodzi ndi tchire ndikuthandizira pobisalira ku chisanu cha mbewuyi.

Loganberry limamasula mumsewu wathu wapakatikati pa Juni ndipo limamasula kwa mwezi ndi theka. Pakatikati pa maluwa, mbewuyi imakongoletsa kwambiri: mabulosi okhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu 15 pinki otumbululuka amawonekera bwino motsutsana ndi maziko a masamba okongola obiriwira. Ndipo munthawi ya zipatso motsutsana ndi masamba, zipatso zazikulu zam'mera izi zimawoneka bwino. Zipatso zimacha pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka chisanu. Berry wakucha wakucha munthawi yake ambiri wamaluwa amateur. Zipatso zoyambirira ndizazikulu (mpaka 10 g), zazitali, zonyezimira komanso zokoma kwambiri. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mutha kusonkhanitsa mpaka 10 kg wa zipatso. Zowona, alimi ena amati mbewu yotereyi ndi yamtundu wa Taber, ndipo kuchokera ku Loganberry osiyanasiyana amatenga mbewu zochepera - 4-5 makilogalamu ku chitsamba.

Zipatso za Loganberry pach chitsamba. © Valerie J

Kuphatikiza pa kulawa kwabwino komanso michere yofunikira - dzuwa, ma acid okhala ndi michere, zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe: chitsulo, calcium, sulfure, phosphorous ndi ena - Zipatso za Loganberry zilinso ndi katundu wochiritsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kupaka jamu, zakudya, zipatso, zipatso, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi maapulo kapena sitiroberi. Zikuwoneka kuti vinyo wochokera ku Logan mabulosi amathanso kukhala abwino, choncho ndiyofunika kuyesa, makamaka pokonzekera kuphatikiza vin.

Kuswana

Chikhalidwe ichi sichimapanga mizu ya ana, chifukwa chake, sichingathe kufalikira ndi thandizo lawo. Zipatso za Logan zimafalikira ndi mizu yophukira pachaka, yoluka ndi masamba obiriwira a mphukira pachaka, komanso mbewu. Dziwani kuti kufalitsa mbewu kumafunikira maluso kuchokera kwa wamaluwa. Mbewu za Loganberry zimasankhidwa makamaka. Kuti muchite izi, ayenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi mumtsuko wagalasi, kusakaniza ndikusankha mbewu zokhazikika, ndikuponyera zotsalazo. Mbeu zosankhidwa zouma ndi kusungidwa mu fayilo la mufiriji (potentha ndi madigiri 1-5.). Munthawi ya Januari -February, mbewu zimayikidwa mu stratation (kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 miyezi). Kuti tichite izi, timalangizidwa kuti ziwayike mu dothi la nayiloni ndi mchenga wonyowa, ndipo chomaliziracho - pachidebe chokhala ndi utuchi kapena nyemba, zomwe zimayenera kumakhalidwa nthawi zonse. Tampon yokhala ndi njere ndi mchenga iyenera kupunthwa pang'ono.

Mizu yodulidwa ya Loganberry mabulosi. © Gavin Webber

M'mwezi wa Epulo, mbewu zitha kufesedwa m'bokosi lokhala ndi dothi lonyowa. Dothi losanjikiza pamwamba ndi dothi lotalika masentimita atatu limalimbikitsidwa kuphimba ndi gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi mchenga wosakanizidwa ndi peat muyezo wa 1: 2. Mbewu zimabzalidwa mpaka akuya masentimita 1.0-1.5. Bokosilo limayikidwa pamalo otentha, lotsekedwa ndi galasi kapena filimu, ndipo patatha kumera (pambuyo masiku masiku 10-15) - pawindo. Ndizachidziwikire kuti nthawi ino mbande imafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikovala pamwamba ndi feteleza wapadziko lonse (omaliza - masiku 15 aliwonse). Chakumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni mbande, zomwe panthawiyi zimafika kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, zingabzalidwe mu wowonjezera kutentha. Mbewu zikangoyambiranso kukula (patatha masiku 10-15), filimuyo kumbali imodzi ya wowonjezera kutentha ikhoza kuchotsedwa.

Maenje obzala mbande pamalo okhazikika amakonzedwa m'dzinja. Kuya kwake kuli pafupifupi 40 cm, mainchesi ndi 50 cm. Amadzazidwa ndi manyowa ovunda limodzi ndi nthaka. Superphosphate, phulusa lamatabwa, ufa wa dolomite, mchenga ndi peat zimawonjezeredwa mu kusakaniza. Zonsezi zimasakanizidwa bwino, zodzazidwa ndi madzi ndikusiyidwa mpaka masika. Chapakatikati pa Meyi, mbande zimasungidwa kumadera omwe amakonzekera kubzala, zimatsatira malamulo onse omwe alipo mbande wamba.

M'dzinja, tchire chokulirapo iyenera kutetezedwa ku chisanu. Izi sizovuta kuchita, chifukwa zimakanikizidwa pansi, ndipo njira zambiri zodalirika zogona zimadziwika nthawi yathu.

Ndiosavuta kufalitsa loganberry ndi kuzika mizu ya mphukira pachaka kapena ndi lignified ndi wobiriwira kudula.

Zomera zikafesedwa pamalo okhazikika, zimasungabe mtunda wa mita 1 pakati pawo, ndi pakati pa mizere 1.5-2. Monga tanena kale, ndikofunikira kuyika nthambi za mbewuyi pamtunda wamtali (1.5 mita), zopangidwa mwadongosolo. m'dzinja, imatha "kugona" pamodzi ndi tchire pansi kuti pogona chisanu. Mukangobzala, mbande imafupikitsidwa mpaka 25 cm, onetsetsani kuti madzi ndi mulch ozungulira khosi. Mtsogolomo, chomera chimayang'aniridwa, mphukira zomwe zidagwa ndikuyamba kudwala (zomwe ndizosowa) zimachotsedwa, ndipo nthawi yophukira tchire limagwa pansi ndikuphimbidwa.

Kwa olimawo omwe akufuna kupita njira yosavuta, atagula mbande za lambegi, timadziwitsa (chifukwa amafunsa): ndizosavuta kuchita izi mwalemba mawu osakira pa intaneti kuti mufike kumasitolo oyenera pa intaneti. Ndipo nthawi yopeza mbande tsopano ndi yoyenera kwambiri.

Mitundu ina ya ezemalin

Ezemalin Tabulosi amatanthauza mitundu yobala zipatso kwambiri. Tchire limathaphwa, kukuwa. Mabulosi akakhwima amakhala ofiira, akulu, atali.
Mnyamata (Boysenova mabulosi) ali ndi chitsamba choyala. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mbewu iyi - yomwe ili ndi minga komanso yopanda minga. Zipatsozo ndizowonda, zazikulu, zofiirira-zawalawa, zotsekemera komanso zowawasa, zimakhala ndi kununkhira kwamtundu wakuda.
Texas (yosanjidwa ndi Michurin posankhidwa ndi mbande za Loganberry). Mphukira kuthengo ndi yayitali mpaka 5 m, chitsamba chokha chimadula, chikuwuluka. Zipatso mpaka 10-12 g, zokulirapo, rasipiberi. Imakoma kukoma ndi wowawasa ndi fungo la rasipiberi. Zosiyanazi zimawoneka kuti sizigwirizana kwambiri ndi chisanu kuposa Loganberry, komabe zimafunikira pogona pang'onopang'ono.
Tummelberry ndi mmera wamitundu mitundu ya Tiberberry. Tchire limakhala lonyoza. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosagwirizana ndi chisanu kuposa Tyberry. Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, zazitali, zofiira.
Marionberry Amaganizira za muyezo wamitundu mitundu ya ezemalin
Nyamayi amakumbukira mitundu ya Boysenberry, koma mabulosi ake ndi abwino.
Darrow amatanthauza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hedgehog. Imakhala ndi kutalika mpaka 3 m kutalika. Tchire limathirika, kuthana ndi chisanu - lingathe kupirira chisanu mpaka 34 ° C. Tchire la zaka zisanu limapereka 10 kg ya mbewu. Zipatsozo zimalemera 3.5-4 g, kulawa zokoma ndi wowawasa, zosalala, zakuda ndi gloss. Masamba amakongoletsa kwambiri, ooneka ngati chala. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosazindikira, zimatha kukula m'malo amodzi mpaka zaka khumi.
Satini wakuda Ndiwosasiyanitsidwa, wosagwira chisanu mpaka mphindi 22 ° С. Mukatikati mwa Russia, imatha kudutsa masamba. Zipatso zake ndi zakuda, zonyezimira, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe, abwino kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina. Chitsamba chachikulire chimapatsa mpaka 5-6 kg za mbewu.