Chomera chomwe chimapanga maluwa Asystasia (Asystasia), chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti azistasia, chikuyimira banja la Acanthus. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, mtunduwu umagwirizanitsa mitundu 20-70. Mwachilengedwe, mbewu zotere zimapezeka ku Oceania ndi South Africa, komanso ku Asia, komanso moyenera, zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yotentha. Mitundu iwiri yokha ya asystasia yomwe imalimidwa ndi alimi a maluwa.
Zolemba za asystasia
Pakati patali, asystasia imangokulidwa m malo mchipinda chokha. Chomera chamaluwa ichi ndi chitsamba chokhazikika. Kutalika kwa chitsamba, komwe kumayambira kowongoka, kumafikira pafupifupi masentimita 100. Masamba obiriwira omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira amawonetsedwa pamwamba ndipo amakhala ndi m'mphepete mwa serata. Chaka chilichonse, gawo la zimayambira likufa, koma nthawi yomweyo, impso zimabwezeretseka. Pakapita kanthawi, thunthu lopaka limauni limapangidwa pachisamba, ndipo limakhala mtengo wopanda kwambiri wokhala ndi nthambi zotambalala.
Chomera chimakula ndi alimi a maluwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa choti maluwa ake ndi odabwitsa. Osati lalikulu kwambiri la axillary racemose inflorescence limakhala ndi maluwa mpaka 50 mm kudutsa, kunjaku ali ofanana ndi mabelu akulu, ma petals awo ndi otseguka komanso otumbika, amatha kujambulidwa ndi zonona, mtundu wa violet, woyera kapena mtundu wa lilac womwe umakongoletsa mitsempha mosiyana. utoto. Kutalika kwa maburashi kumasiyana kuchokera pa 12 mpaka 20 sentimita.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa azistasia
Azistasia pakali pano samamvetsetsa bwino. Koma amadziwika kuti amakula bwino ndikukula m'malo mchipinda, koma chitsamba choterocho chimayenera kupanga malo oyenera. Chomera chimadziwika ndi thermophilicity. Amafunikira kuwala kowala, komwe kuyenera kusokonezedwa, pomwe kuwala pang'ono kwa dzuwa sikungavulaze chitsamba. M'chilimwe, shrub iyenera kusungidwa pamalo otentha (kuchokera 20 mpaka 25 degrees), ndipo nthawi yozizira imakonzedwanso m'chipinda chozizira (kuchokera 12 mpaka 18 degrees).
Tetezani tchire kuti lisinthe mwadzidzidzi kutentha kwa mpweya, komanso zolemba, chifukwa zimatha kupangitsa masamba kuti asagwere. Nthawi yofatsa matendawa imawonedwa mu Seputembara-Kukadzi.
Malamulo Osamalira
Panthawi yakukula kwambiri komanso maluwa a azistasia, kuthirira kambiri kuyenera kuperekedwa, komwe kumachitika atamaliza kuyimitsa pamwamba pa zosakaniza za dothi. Ndi isanayambike nthawi yopuma, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Tchire timathiriridwa ndimadzi okhazikika pamtunda wofunda (itha kukhala tepid pang'ono). Chinyezi pachikhalidwe ichi zilibe kanthu, kotero kuti masamba opukutira kuchokera ku sprayer sofunikira.
Kudyetsa chitsamba chotere, feteleza wama mchere ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa mkati. Nthawi yatsopano yazomera ikangoyamba kuphukira, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa asistasia. Feteleza amathandizira 1 kapena 2 kangapo mu masabata anayi. Mu Seputembala, muyenera kusiya kudyetsa mbewu pang'onopang'ono.
Nthawi yakula, zimayambira zimakula kwambiri kuthengo. Kuti chitsamba chikhale chopindika komanso chofunikira, timayenera kupanga kutengulira ndikudina. Nthawi yokwanira kudulira chomera ichi sichinakhazikitsidwe, chifukwa idalimidwa kunyumba osati kale kwambiri ndipo sichidziwika mokwanira kuti ndi liti maluwa. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusankha nthawi yoyenera kukonzekera. Ntchito yayikulu yotsina ndi kupanga chitsamba kuti chikhale chokongola kwambiri.
Kuyika kwa asistasia
Kuyika kwa chitsamba ichi kumachitika pokhapokha mizu yake itadzala mbuto yakale ya maluwa. Mu nthawi yachikulire, mizu imapangidwa bwino, pankhaniyi, chifukwa chodzala, muyenera kusankha malo okuya kwambiri. Dawo la mphika wamaluwa watsopano liyenera kukhala lalikulu 20-30 mm kuposa lomwe linapita.
Nthaka yosakanikirana yoyenera kubzala mbewuyi, imaphatikizapo dothi lamtambo ndi tinthu, komanso mchenga, womwe umatengedwa muyezo wa 2: 2: 1. Pansi pa mphikawo muyenera kupanga chosanjikiza chambiri. Mukasinthana, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yodutsa.
Kufalikira kwa Azistasia
Pakuchulukitsanso chitsamba chotere, mitengo yodulira imatsalira pambuyo pakupanga chitsamba, kapena mitengo yodula ya apical imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zidutswa zimapatsa mizu msanga mokwanira. Kuti muzutse mizu, timalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito kapu yamadzi kapena osakaniza dothi losalala, lomwe limaphatikizapo mchenga ndi peat (1: 1), komanso kuchuluka kwa sphagnum. Zidutswa zobzalidwa kuti zizike mizu zimasunthidwa kumalo otentha kwambiri, koma sizofunikira kuphimbidwa ndi filimu pamwamba. Zodulidwa zokhala ndi mizu yophukira zimafunika kubzalidwe mumphika wodzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi la munthu wamkulu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Asistasia imateteza matenda ndi tizirombo tina osiyanasiyana. Koma ngati chitsamba chiri m'chipinda chokhala ndi chinyezi chochepa, nthata za akangaude, zomwe zimayamwa arachnids, madzi oyamwa chomera kuchokera ku shrub akhoza kukhazikika pamenepo. Mfundo yoti mbewuyo imakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo timayisonyeza ndi madontho oyera. Tizilombo timeneti timaswana mwachangu kwambiri. Ngati mungapeze tsamba loonda pa thengo, ndiye kuti ichi ndichizindikiro kuti pali nkhupakupa zambiri kale, ndipo kuzichotsa sizingakhale zophweka. Popewa, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso kutchire, kumusambitsa nthawi zonse, ndikuyesanso kuonetsetsa kuti chipindacho chili ndi chinyezi wamba. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kukhalapo kwa nkhupakupa, tchire liyenera kutsanulidwa ndi wothandizira aliyense wa acaricidal, mwachitsanzo: Fitoverm, Aktellik kapena Aktara.
Madzi akayamba kusunthika mgawo, mizu yake imatha kuvunda. Ngati zowola zawoneka, ndiye kuti chitsamba chiyenera kuchokerana mwachangu. Kuti muchite izi, amachotsedwa mumphika, mizu yovunda imadulidwa, mizu imachiritsidwa ndi yankho la fungicide. Kenako mbewuyo imabzalidwe m'nthaka yatsopano, ndipo njira yothirira imasinthidwa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya azistasia yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Popeza alimi a maluwa adayamba kukula azistasia posachedwa, nthawi zina amasokonezeka mtundu wamtundu womwe ali nawo: mitundu kapena mitundu. Zakhala zikunenedwa pamwambapa kuti mitundu iwiri yokha ya asystasia yomwe imakula mchikhalidwe.
Asystasia wokongola (Asystasia bella)
Malo omwe chitsamba chotuwa chimakhala nthawi zonse ndi ku South Africa. Masamba a Ovate-oblong analoza pamwamba, osokedwa bwino m'mphepete ndipo amakhala ndi petioles lalifupi. Maluwa amatha kupaka utoto wa pinki, oyera kapena a lilac, amakongoletsedwa ndi mitsempha yofiirira. Fomu yotchuka ndi ma mesh azistasia: pali mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamiyala, omwe mobwerezabwereza amatulutsa.
Asystasia gangetic (Asystasia gangetica), kapena asystasia gangetica
Mwachilengedwe, mtunduwu ndiofala ku South Africa komanso ku Asia. Maluwa amatha kukhala a lilac, koma nthawi zambiri amapaka utoto kapena zoyera. Ma petals amakongoletsa mitsempha ndi mtundu wakuda kuposa duwa lokha. Pali mawonekedwe ocheperapo, ndipo mawonekedwe enanso okhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana ndi varistate azistasia: masamba obiriwira ali ndi malire komanso mikwingwirima ya mtundu woyera.
