Pali mbewu zambiri zomwe sizingabzalidwe pongofesa mchilimwe m'munda - zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokulira. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale nthawi yachisanu, iwo amafesa mbewu kunyumba, kuti pofika nthawi yophuka azikhala ndi mbande. Kwa munthu yemwe sadziwa chilichonse chazovuta za nkhaniyi, zitha kuwoneka kuti zonse ndizophweka. M'malo mwake, muyenera kudziwa zobisika zina, pangani ntchito yambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri.
Ubwino wakukula mbande
Ubwino waukulu ndikutheka kubzala mbewu kale kwambiri mukamabzala m'munda. Koma palinso zinthu zina zabwino:
- mbewu zobzalidwa mwanjira ya mbande zimalephera kuthana ndi nyengo yoipa, chifukwa chake sizichedwa kudwala;
- m'minda yodyeramo, mbande za mbewu zonse sizipezeka (mitundu yocheperako siyipezeka konse);
- ngati mbande zikufunika pachimake chachikulu, kuzigula ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri;
- ngati wogulitsa mbande sakudziwika, ndiye kuti kuchulukitsa mbewu kumachuluka;
- ngati zichitika molondola, mbewuzo zimakhala zolimba kuposa zomwe zidagulidwa m'munda wamundawo.
Musanakule mbande m'chipinda kapena nyumba, ndikofunikira kuganizira zovuta zomwe zimayembekezera panthawi yovuta iyi:
- nyengo yozizira, tsikulo ndi lalifupi, kotero kuti mbande zifunika kuwunikira kowonjezereka, makamaka mu chipinda cha mzinda;
- mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu zimafunikira kutentha ndi chinyezi;
- kukulira mbewu zochuluka ndipo malo ofunikira sakhala ochepa;
- mchitidwe umafuna ntchito yayikulu.
Koma ndikoyenera kuti mbande izikula. Kupatula apo, mbewu imodzi m'munda ungakhale ndalama zokwanira kupatula kubzala. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zomwe mungathe kusintha, mutha kupulumutsa.
Kodi mbande zomwe zimabzalidwa mu Januwale ndi ziti?
Mu Januware, amayamba kubzala sitiroberi, sitiroberi, ndi tsabola wowawa. Koma mbewu zonsezi zimafunikira kuwunikira kosalekeza. Ngati nkosatheka kupereka, ndiye kuti kufesa ndibwino kuchedwetsa. Timawerenga: momwe mungapangire nyali ya LED ya mbande ndi manja anu.
Masamba amatuluka kwa nthawi yayitali - mpaka masiku 40, ndipo nthawi yonseyi dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zitatu za mchenga, gawo limodzi la nthaka yamunda ndi gawo limodzi la humus. Monga zotengera, zotengera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito momwe masaladi amaikidwa m'masitolo akuluakulu. Kuti muchepetse kumera kwa njere, kuthira matalala masentimita 1-2 pansi, ikani njere ndikuyika zotengera mufiriji kwa masiku atatu. Matalala adzasungunuka, ndikukoka mbewuzo pansi. Pambuyo masiku atatu, zotengera ziyenera kusamutsidwira kumalo abwino. Mutha kubowola masamba a mabulosi mutatuluka masamba atatu, anayi.
Mbande mu Januware ndimtundu wa sitiroberi. Ndikofunika kusankha mbeu zotsimikiziridwa komanso zingapo. Nthaka siyenera kukhala yopanda chonde - mchenga wokwanira, womwe pang'ono humus umangowonjezeredwa. Palibe feteleza wa mchere amene amafunikira.
Mbewuyo isanafesere, imafunika kunyowa m'madzi kwa tsiku limodzi, kenako ndikuyanika ndikufesedwa m'mango ndi akuya pafupifupi 5 mm. Zophatikiza ndi mbewu zimakutidwa bwino ndi zojambulazo. Thirirani nthaka kuti dothi lisamasuke. Strawberry wobzalidwa mu Januwale amabala zipatso kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.
Tsabola wotentha wa mbande ziyenera kufesedwa koyambirira kwa Januwale m'mabokosi okhala ndi mabowo otulutsira madziwo. Dothi liyenera kukhala ndi magawo atatu a humus, gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi phulusa. Asanafesere, osakaniza dothi ayenera kutenthetsedwa. Mbewu zimayikidwa m'maluwa okuya mpaka masentimita 1. Mbali yamtunda mutabzala imayenera kupakidwa pang'ono. Akawombera amatha kuwombera atakhala ndi masamba awiri enieni. Pothirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa potaziyamu permanganate ndi kutentha kwa 26-28zaC.
Mbande za maluwa mu Januware
M'mwezi wa Januware, maluwa amafesedwanso, maluwa ake omwe amayamba miyezi 5-6.5 atabzala: clove Shabo, begonia, bals Vitamini, lobelia, petunia.
Mbewu za Shabo clove zimabzalidwa mpaka 3 mm, pomwe mbande zimatuluka, chidebecho chimayenera kusunthidwa kumalo owala. Kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 12-15zaC. Dulani mbewu izi pambuyo pa kuonekera masamba anayi, asanu. Chapakatikati, pamatenthedwe abwino usiku, mbande zimatha kusamutsidwira ku greenhouse.
Mbeu za Begonia ndi basamu ndizochepa kwambiri, motero simuyenera kuziwakhira pansi - sizimera popanda kuwala. 
Dothi limapangidwa ndi magawo awiri a humus, gawo limodzi la peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga, ndikuwonjezera phulusa. Zina zokhala ndi njere zofesedwa ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi, kuyikamo malo abwino ndikuwazira nthaka tsiku ndi tsiku ndi madzi ofunda. Pambuyo pa kutuluka, galasi liyenera kudzutsidwa, patatha masiku angapo - litachotsedwa. Begonias ndi bals Vitimu akalowa m'munda masamba atatu atakula. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, mbande zitha kutengedwa kupita kumlengalenga.
Maluwa a chilimwe a makonde ndi masitepe (lobelia ndi petunias) amafesedwanso mu Januware. Popeza njere ndizochepa kwambiri, sizifunikira kuwazidwa ndi lapansi, ingowatsanulira mu mipanda yomwe mukufuna ndikutsanulira kuchokera mfuti yoluka. Mbewuzo zisanamera, lobel iyenera kusungidwa m'malo amdima, petunia pamalo owala, yokutidwa ndi galasi. Pambuyo zikamera, mbande zimafunikira kuthiridwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi njira yocheperako yapinki ya potaziyamu. Ndi kukula kwa mbande 2-3 cm amadziwombera. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, lobelia ndi petunias zitha kusunthidwa kuchokera ku malo kupita ku terala kapena khonde.
