Pelargonium (Pelargonium) imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la geranium. Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa pafupifupi mitundu 350 ya mbewu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe ndi herbaceous perennials, koma pali zitsamba ndi mbewu zabwino.
Chomera chobzalidwa choterocho chimakhala ndi nyumba imodzi yachilendo. Chifukwa chake, kununkhira kwake kumatha kutonthoza ndi kupumula anthu ena, pomwe ena amamva kupweteka kwambiri atakhazikika. M'nyumba mumamera mitundu yocheperako, koma chisankho chake ndichuma.
Pelargonium ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Komabe, izi sizonse. Muli zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso zonunkhira. Chifukwa chake, mafuta ofunikira opezeka pachomerachi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta onunkhira ndi sopo, ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati gawo la njira yoyeretsera mpweya wa mabakiteriya oyipa ndi zosayipa zoyipa.
Chisamaliro cha Pelargonium kunyumba
Kuwala
Chomera ichi ndi chojambulidwa ndipo pakukula bwino kumafunikira dzuwa. Pelargonium tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ayikidwe pafupi ndi mawindo akumwera chakumadzulo. Komabe, imakula nthawi zambiri ndipo imakhazikika pazenera la kumpoto, koma ndikofunikira kuti kuwala kwa masana ndikwanthawi yayitali. Kupanda kutero, zimayambira zimatambasulidwa. M'chilimwe, ngati kuli kotheka, mbewuyi imasinthidwa kupita kumweya watsopano (kukhonde kapena mumsewu). Chipinda chomwe pelargonium imakhalamo amayenera kupatsidwamo mpweya, chifukwa zimakumana ndi mlengalenga.
Mitundu yotentha
M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imafunikira kutentha 20 mpaka 25 digiri. M'nyengo yozizira, imayenera kukonzedwanso m'malo abwino, yomwe imathandizira maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha m'chipindacho sikuyenera kupitirira 14 madigiri.
Momwe mungamwere
M'chilimwe, kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kuchitika pambuyo pa masiku atatu kapena anayi pambuyo pamtunda wapamwamba wa gawo lapansi. Mutha kuyang'ana momwe dothi lilili ndikukhomera chala chanu masentimita angapo. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthirira pang'ono, koma muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mtanda wa dothi suuma konse. Ngati madzi amira m'nthaka nthawi yachisanu ikamazizira, izi zimatha kupangitsa kuti muzizungulira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kufa kwa chitsamba chonse.
Pukuta masamba
Nthawi zambiri limakula ndikukula ndi chinyezi chochepa. Kutulutsa masamba opukutira thukuta sikofunikira, koma izi zitha kuchitika m'miyezi yotentha yachilimwe.
Feteleza
Mbewu imadyetsedwa 1 kapena 2, pomwe nthawi pakati pakudyetsa ndi masabata awiri. Chonde feteleza chimayikidwa m'nthaka koyamba, miyezi iwiri ikadutsa mutabzala. Feteleza ndikofunikira kusintha maluwa, ndiye kuti feteleza wokhala ndi phosphorous ambiri amasankhidwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa feteleza wachilengedwe, chifukwa pelargonium samatenga bwino.
Kudulira
Kudulira kuyenera kuchitika nthawi 1 pachaka, pomwe zimayambira ndi node 2-4 ziyenera kutsalira. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chidzakhala chowoneka bwino kwambiri, komanso maluwa - ochulukirapo. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba achikasu kapena owuma munthawi yake. Simungathe kuthana ndi ma shiti, chifukwa pamenepa, zingwe zowongoka zimatha kuvunda. Kuchotsa masamba oterewa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri, ndipo odulidwa amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi makala odulidwa. Mukadulira tsamba, kulumikizidwa kwa petiole kukhalebe panthambi.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Zovala zazing'ono zimasinthidwa kamodzi pachaka, ndipo achikulire pofunikira, mwachitsanzo, mizu ikasiya kulowa bwino mumphika. Musaiwale kupanga zabwino zotungira pansi pa tank. Kukonzekera dothi losakanikirana ndi manja anu mufunika turf, humus ndi masamba, mchenga ndi peat, womwe uyenera kutengedwa m'malo ofanana.
Njira zolerera
Fotokozerani mbewu yotere ikhoza kudulidwa ndi mbewu.
Pakakulidwa nyemba, nthawi zambiri mbewu zimataya mawonekedwe awo, ndipo izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha njira yobereka. Chidebe chotsika chimayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi losakanizidwa ndi mchenga, peat ndi sod land, lomwe liyenera kutengedwa mbali zofanana. Limafesa mbewu. Kuti mbande zikuwoneka posachedwa, ikani chidebe pamalo pomwe matenthedwe amasungidwa nthawi zonse pa madigiri 22. M'mikhalidwe yabwinoyi, mbande zimawonekera patatha mwezi umodzi mutabzala. Mbande amazidulira m'miphika yaying'ono. Ndipo mbewuzo zikamera, zimasinthidwa mumiphika, mulifupi mwake ndi mainchesi 9. Nthawi yoyamba kubzala patadutsa chaka chochepa ndikubzala, koma izi zimangokhala ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
Ma cutic apical ndi abwino pakufalitsa. Kudula kwawo ndi kuzika mizu kumachitika nyengo yozizira kapena milungu yachilimwe. Kudula kuyenera kuchitika pakona pang'ono pansi pa mfundo, pomwe masamba atatu ayenera kutsalira, ndipo ndibwino ngati pali 3-5. Siyani phesi kwa maola angapo kunja kuti liume. Asanabzike izi, ndikofunikira kuchita mawebusayiti odulidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito makala osadulidwa ndi chothandizira kukulitsa muzu. Zidulidwa zakonzedwa zibzalidwe m'mbali mwake mwa chidebe chodzazidwa ndi zosakanikirana zapansi panthaka (mchenga, malo amtundu wa peat ndi peat mu magawo ofanana). Kuonjezera kukongola kwa chitsamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsina. Chidebechi chimayikidwa m'malo abwino- koma owunikira amayenera kuyatsidwa. M'pofunika kuti mwakachetechete pansi pompopopera. Mizu yathunthu ichitika pakatha masiku 15 mpaka 20 mutabzala. Zomera zolimba zimabzalidwe m'malo osiyanasiyana. Miphika yoti mubzale imasankhidwa yaying'ono, chifukwa mwina maluwa ena sangakhale ochepa. Chomera chimaphukira pakatha miyezi 5-7 kuchokera pakupita kuzika kwathunthu.
Poizoni
Mitundu ina ya pelargonium ndi poyizoni. Ngati simukudziwa mosakayikira ngati mitundu yomwe imamera pamalo anu ndi poyizoni, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamala mukamagwira ntchito ndi mbewu yotere. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamba m'manja mwanu mutatha kugwira naye ntchito.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Aphids kapena zovala zoyera zimakhazikika pa pelargonium.
Nthawi zambiri, zovuta ndi chomera zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chosayenera:
- Kupanda maluwa - Pelargonium wadwala, ali ndi tizilombo tosavulaza pa iye, kapena adabisala m'chipinda chofunda, chowala bwino.
- Masamba otsika amazimiririka, amatembenukira chikasu ndi kuvunda - kuthirira kwambiri. Chepetsani kuthirira ndikuchotsa masamba osokonekera.
- Kutupa kumawonekera pamtunda wa masamba - madzi nthawi zambiri amayenda m'nthaka.
- Masamba otsika amasanduka achikasu ndipo m'mphepete mwake mumawuma - kuthirira osauka.
- Pansi pa tsinde lidasanduka lakuda - zowola muzu (Mwendo Wakuda).
- Gray zowola - chifukwa chothirira kwambiri.
Ndemanga kanema
Mitundu yayikulu
Pelargonium kununkhira (Pelargonium tombolens)
Nthambi yobiriwira yotuwa imakhala yolimba kwambiri, ndipo kutalika kwake imafikira masentimita 100. Masamba a pubescent obiriwira amagawidwa m'magawo 5-7 ndikukhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Umbrella wooneka ngati ma umbrella amakhala ndi maluwa ambiri otuwa. Limamasula nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.
Pelargonium capitate (Pelargonium capitatum)
Chomera ichi ndi chitsamba chokhazikika, kutalika kwake sikupitirira masentimita 50. Pamwamba pa tsinde ndi masamba pamakhala kupindika. Zimayambira zowongoka. Masamba obiriwira, ngati kuti awundana, masamba amagawikana magawo 3-5. Inflorescence ili ndi mawonekedwe ambulera. Pali maluwa ambiri amangokhala penti opepuka ndi utoto wofiirira. Maluwa amawoneka kuyambira pakati mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe. Ili ndi masamba onunkhira.
Felgrant pelargonium onunkhira (Pelargonium odoratissimum)
Masamba a chitsamba ichi sigwa, ndipo zimayambira ndiifupi. Masamba opangidwa mozungulira-mtima wozungulira amatha kutalika masentimita 5. M'mphepete mwake mumang'ambika pang'ono, ndipo pamtunda pali tsitsi lalifupi. Masamba ake ndi onunkhira kwambiri ndipo kununkhira kwake ndikosangalatsa. Inflorescences mu mawonekedwe a maambulera. Maluwa oyera a pinki amasonkhanitsidwa zidutswa 8-10.
Pelargonium zonal (Pelargonium zonale)
Zitsamba izi zimafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 100. Pamwamba pa minofu yawo yamatumbo ndi pubescence. Monga lamulo, pepalalo ndi lolimba, koma nthawi zina limakhala lolemetsa. Masamba ake ndi obiriwira achikuda, ndipo malire a bulauni amayenda m'mphepete. Maluwa amapaka utoto wofiira ndipo amatengedwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana yozungulira maluwa. Maluwa amatha kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Pelargonium napellus (Pelargonium cucullatum)
Malo omwe chitsamba choterocho chimakhala chaku South Africa. Pamwamba pake pali kupindika. Timapepala titalitali tpakudya tambula. Umbrella wooneka ngati ma ambulera amakhala ndi maluwa ambiri ofiira. Zomera zimatulutsa kuyambira kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe mpaka chiyambi cha nthawi yophukira. Mitundu yamasamba a Terry ilipo.
Chingwe chachikulu chamaluwa chotchedwa pelargonium (Pelargonium grandiflorum)
Ichi ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi nthambi zobiriwira kwambiri, chomwe chitha kutalika masentimita 100. Mapepala ozungulira impso amatha kuzungulira kapena kusenda. Amathanso kukhala osalala kapena pubescent. Palibe maluwa opitilira 3 omwe amapangika pa peduncle, ndipo amapaka utoto woyera, ndipo mitsempha yomwe ilipo ndi yofiyira. Pakatikati mwa maluwa ndi masentimita 3-4. Chitsamba chotere chimamasula kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe.
Curly Pelargonium (Pelargonium crispum)
Chitsamba chobiriwira choterocho chimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50 ndipo chimakhala chomera kwambiri. Timapepala takuthwa tomwe timapangidwa ndi mtima, tikukula mizere iwiri, tating'onoting'ono. Maluwa amawoneka kuyambira pakati mpaka kumapeto kwenikweni kwa nthawi yachilimwe. Pazovala zazifupi, maluwa 2-3 amakula. Ali ndi masamba osalala.
Pelargonium soiling (Pelargonium kufunsa)
Chitsamba chotere, chomwe chimakhala chobiriwira, chimatha kutalika mita 1.5. Imakhala ndi minofu. Masamba ozungulira ali utoto wakuda. Ma inflorescence ali ngati mawonekedwe ambulera. Ma pedicels afupi. Maluwa ali ndi mtundu wofiira. Nthawi yamaluwa imatengera chisamaliro, ndipo imatha kuwoneka nthawi yotentha, yophukira, nthawi yachisanu kapena yophukira.
Pelargonium fluffy (Pelargonium crithmifolium)
Chomera chodabwitsachi chimakhala chopatsa chidwi ndipo chimamera. Tsamba lamasamba agawidwa kukhala nthenga za lobe, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 8. Amakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira ndipo amatha onse kukhala a pubescent, komanso popanda pubescence. Ma inflorescence amaperekedwa ngati ambulera. Kutalika kwa ma pedicels kumayambira pa 15 mpaka 20 mamilimita. Maluwa oyera ngati matalala amakula pazidutswa 5 kapena 6, ndipo pakhosi ali ndi malo ofiira.
Pelargonium pinki (Pelargonium radens)
Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse, chimakhala chofewa ndipo chimatha kutalika masentimita 50. Pa pepala la pepalali pali pubescence wapawiri, wokhala ndi tsitsi lolimba kumbali yakumaso ndi tsitsi lofewa kumbali yolakwika. Masamba amagawika kwambiri ndipo adasokoneza mbali. Amanunkhira komanso fungo labwino. Pedescent peduncle imawonetsedwa mu mawonekedwe a ambulera. Pa peduncle, zidutswa zingapo za maluwa apinki okhala ndi mitsempha yamaluwa akuda amakula.
Pelargonium angular (Pelargonium angulosum)
Chomera chimatha kutalika masentimita 100. Masamba amafanana ndi masamba a thundu, koma magawowo siowongoka, koma ndi wavy. Ndifupi. Mtundu wa inflorescence uli ndi maambulera, ndipo umakhala ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amapakidwa utoto wambiri. Ngati mumasamalira mbewu moyenera, ndiye kuti imaphuka kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira.
Quadrangular pelargonium (Pelargonium tetragonum)
Chitsamba chovunda ichi chimatha kutalika mamita 0.6-0.7. Mphukira zowongoka zamtoto zimapakidwa utoto wobiriwira, nthawi zina ndimtambo wamtambo. Pamaso pamapepala a petiole, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a mtima, pali tsitsi losowa. M'lifupi mwake, monga lamulo, ndi mainchesi 5. M'mbali mwa tsamba lamalowo ndi lofiirira. Maluwa ali ndi miyala 5 yapinki kapena ya kirimu, pomwe mitundu iwiri 2 yaying'ono ili pansi, ndi 3 ina ili pamwamba.
Pelargonium Pelargonium peltatum
Chitsamba chobiriwirachi ndichachikulu. Zimayambira zopanda kanthu kapena zimakhala ndi kupindika. Masamba obiriwira, onyezimira, amtundu ali ndi mawonekedwe a chithokomiro, m'mphepete osalala ndipo amagawidwa m'magawo asanu. Pamaso pawo pakhoza kukhala kapena kusazindikira. Maluwa amatenga zidutswa zingapo mu inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a ambulera. Amakhala ofiira, oyera kapena ofiira. Maluwa amatenga kuyambira pakati pa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe.
