Masamba a maluwa osatha omwe ndi nthumwi za banja la Pionov. Pali udzu peonies ndi zitsamba (mtengo peony). Maluwa akuthengo amakula nyengo yam'mphepete mwa kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Pakulima, kukonda kumaperekedwa kwa mitundu ya udzu.
Peonies amakula mpaka mita. Ali ndi chikondwerero chachikulu. Nthambi yake imakhala ndi masamba atatu. Maluwa a peony ndi akulu ndi fungo labwino. Kutengera mitundu, mutha kukhala oyera, achikaso, ofiira, ofiira ndi ena. Maluwa awa amakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri ndipo amatha zaka makumi angapo pamalo amodzi.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya peonies
Masiku ano, mitundu yambiri ya peonies idabadwa yomwe imasangalatsa diso ndi zokongoletsera zawo.
Kwa mtundu wamaluwa, peonies ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu 7:
- Zomwe siziri ziwiri zimakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi ambiri a stamens.
- Semi-terry mu peonies awa ndi maluwa akulu kwambiri, omwe amakhala ndi magulu 7 a ma petals.
- Ma stamens aku Japan pakati pa maluwa amawoneka ngati pompom, ndipo ma petals amakhala amodzi kapena angapo.
- Anemone-ndichinthu pakati pa Japan ndi terry peonies. Mitengo yapamwamba ndi yaifupi komanso yotsika imakhala yayikulu komanso yozungulira.
- Maluwa awiri amtunduwu amawoneka ngati mpira.
- Maluwa a pinki amafanana ndi duwa.
- Ma korona pamaluwa amakonzedwa m'magawo atatu. Mulingo wapamwamba ndi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi ena onse. Nthawi zambiri mizere yakunja imakhala ya mtundu womwewo, ndipo yapakati imasiyana.
Monga tanena kale, malinga ndi mitundu, utoto wa maluwayo udzakhala wosiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, mitunduyi ndi peony yopyapyala komanso mitundu Carol ndi Red Charm - ofiira.
- Peony Evasive ndi Neon - lilac.
- Kansas Peony wofiira kwambiri.
- Maxim's festival daraja ndi loyera.
- White solange ndi pinki kulocha.
- Peony Sarah Bernhardt ndi wotuwa pinki.
- Maluwa okongola a korona amakongoletsa ma Coral Sunset ndi Coral Charm.
- Bartzella ndi peony wachikasu.
- Mitundu ya Sorbet imadziwika ndi mtundu wa pinki wachikasu.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, pali mitundu yambiri yambiri yokongoletsa kwambiri.
Peonies kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Kubzala ndi kusamalira peonies kutchire si ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Gawo lofunika kwambiri ndikusankha malo a maluwa, chifukwa amatha kumeramo kwa zaka khumi kapena kupitilira. Peony wazaka zisanu wazika kale ndizu wokhala ndi kuya pafupifupi masentimita 80, kotero ndizovuta kwambiri kuzisintha.
Malowa azomera awa ayenera kuyalidwa bwino, osati kusanja. Komanso maluwa amafunika kubzala paphiri, chifukwa mizu yakuya ya peony imatha kuvunda.
Dothi la peonies liyenera kukonzedwa pang'ono acidic. Panthaka dothi, dothi, humus ndi peat ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Ngati mchenga - humus, peat ndi dongo.
Kubzala peonies mu kugwa
Kubzala, komanso kubzala peonies, kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira, osati kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe, monga nthawi zina amakhala ndi lingaliro. Masiku asanu ndi awiri asanabzalidwe, mbewu zimakumbapo mabowo pafupifupi 50x50x50 masentimita kukula, zakuya pang'ono. Mtunda pakati pa maenje ndi pafupifupi mita. Pansi ndi yokutidwa ndi dambo la masentimita 20 ndi manyowa (humus, 100 magalamu a mandimu, magalamu 200 a superphosphate, magalamu 100 a potaziyamu sulfate, 300 gm ya phulusa la nkhuni) amawonjezerapo, wosanjikiza wake adzakhala wa 25 cm.
Malo ena onse amadzazidwa ndi dothi losakanizika ndi kompositi. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri, mutha kudzala mizu ya peonies. Osamaika maliro mwachisawawa, chifukwa izi zikuwopseza kuchepa kwa maluwa mu peony.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chaka chitatha izi, maluwa sangachitike, ndipo tchire lokha lidzawoneka losalala.
Ngati mwalandira zinthu zofunikira kubzala mu April ndipo simumatha kudikira mpaka kugwa, ndiye kuti ma peonies angabzalidwe chidebe cha 3-lita. Muyenera kuyiyika pamalo oyaka, malo amdima, ndipo nthawi zina kuyika ayezi pansi, pomwe, ikasungunuka, imanyowetsa gawo lapansi.
Pakumapeto kwa kasupe, mbewuzo, limodzi ndi mphika, zimayikidwa pansi mpaka pakugwa, ngati zingatheke kusamutsira peonyyo mu dzenje lapadera ndi transshipment.
Monga tafotokozera, nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yonyamula peonies. Njirayi sikuchitika chaka chilichonse, ndipo ngati ndi chaka chomwe chosinthika sichofunikira, ndiye kuti muyenera kudulira zitsamba zouma ndikuziwotcha. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimakonkhedwa ndi phulusa. Apa ndipomwe kugwa kumatha.
Kuthirira peonies
Kuyambira mchaka, nthawi zina muyenera kuthirira nthaka. Pa chomera chilichonse chachikulire, muyenera kuthira ndowa ziwiri zamadzi, chifukwa muyenera kufikira mizu yakuya kwambiri.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene peonies imakula, imafunika kuthirira kwambiri. Muyeneranso kuti muchepetse gawo lapansi bwino nthawi ya masamba ndi masamba. Dothi lonyowa liyenera kumasulidwa ndi namsongole. Kuthirira mosamala, osalola madzi kugwa pamasamba.
Momwe manyowa peonies
Kubzala fetonies kuyenera kuyambika mu April. Matalala atasungunuka, dothi liyenera kuphatikiza ndi potaziyamu permanganate - magalamu angapo pa 10 malita a madzi (muyezo uwu ndi wokwanira tchire ziwiri zamaluwa).
Munthawi ya kukula kwamphamvu kwa zobiriwira zambiri, peonies amafuna feteleza ndi ammonium nitrate - 15 magalamu 10 malita a madzi.
Kuyambira pakati pa Meyi, mavalidwe azitsamba adatsanulidwa pamasamba.
Momwe mungadyetsere peonies pa maluwa
Pamene peonies pachimake, ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi osakaniza superphosphate (10 g), ammonium nitrate (7.5 g), potaziyamu mchere (5 g) m'madzi (10 l).
Pakatha masabata angapo maluwa atamasulidwa, zipatsozo zimapatsidwa njira yomweyo ngati maluwa, koma popanda mchere.
M'dzinja, maluwa atatha, muyenera kusamalira mbewuyo ndikuthirira, kuthira manyowa, kumasula dothi ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Peonies iyenera kudulidwa kwathunthu pokhapokha zipatso woyamba zitabwera.
Pambuyo maluwa, ndikofunikira kudulira mapesi a maluwa, koma osachepera kwambiri, ndikusiya tsinde laling'ono ndi masamba.
Kuika peony pakakhala bwino
Kugulitsa, komanso kugawa kwa tchire la peony, kumachitika patadutsa zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu, popeza mbewu zachikale zimakhala ndi mizu yayikulu kwambiri ndipo izi zimayambitsa zovuta pakuika, koma izi zimatha kuchitika kamodzi pakatha zaka 10.
Kuti muthane ndi peony, muyenera kukumba chomera m'dzinja osachepera 20 cm kuchokera ku nthangala, kenako ndikuchotsa mosamala mu dothi ndi pitchfork. Kenako dothi limachotsedwa pamizu ndikutsukidwa pang'ono.
Zimayambira kudula pafupi ndi muzu, ndipo mutatuluka nthambizo ndikumanga pang'ono, mizu yayitali kwambiri imadulidwa mpaka 15 cm ndikuyamba kugawanika. Mizu yakale imatha kugawidwa ndi gawo. Ngati pali zowola ndi voids mkati mwa muzu, ndiye kuti amazidula ndikuthira mankhwala ndi potaziyamu permanganate, kenako ndi fungicide.
Zigawo ziyenera kukhala zofanana - osati zazikulu komanso zazing'ono. Momwe mizu imabzalidwira kale inafotokozedwa pamwambapa.
M'nyengo yozizira, ma peonies amaphatikizidwa ndi peat. Chapakatikati pofika mphukira, mulch imachotsedwa. Tchire zakale sizitha kutetezedwa nthawi yonse yozizira.
Chaka choyamba muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse kuthengo. Lotsatira lipulumutseni lotsatira, ndipo likamasanga, duleni ndi kuonetsetsa kuti lili ndi mitundu. Ngati kufanana ndi mtundu sikunawonedwe kapena kocheperako, ndiye kuti masamba adzayenera kuchotsedwa chaka china.
Ndizotheka kuti maluwa omwe amafanana ndi mitundu yanu amayamba kuwonekera mchaka chachisanu.
Ngati muli ndi peony ngati mtengo, ndiye kuti mu nthawi ya masika, masamba asanadzuke, muyenera kuyichepetsa, izi zimachitika kuti apange korona. Muyeneranso kuchotsa nthambi zakufa, zachisanu, zachikale. Pankhaniyi, kusamala ndikofunikira, popeza peony iyi si yabwino kudulira, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyang'anira. Ma inflorescence osapepuka amafunikanso kuchotsedwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, mitengo yamapulogalamu imafunikira pobisalira, chifukwa nthawi yotentha kapena chisanu chachikulu, chitsamba chimatha kuvutika, ngakhale kuti chimazizira.
Pichesi yamtengo imakhala ndi kufalikira kwambiri kupweteka kuposa udzu, ndipo muyenera kuchita mosamala kwambiri munthawi imeneyi.
Kufalikira kwa peonies ndi mbewu
Njira yodziyankhira yomwe tafotokozayi ingatchulidwe kufalitsa pogawa chitsamba.
Peonies ikhoza kufalitsidwanso ndi njere, koma ndikofunikira kuchita izi ngati nyama, osati phula la mitundu, chifukwa zilembo zosinthika nthawi zambiri zimasowa ndi njira yofalitsira, ndipo maluwa ophuka kuchokera ku mbewu amapezeka mchaka chachisanu.
Ngati nonse mukuganiza kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthangala mofananamo, ndiye kuti mungobzayala panthaka yopuma kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Chaka chamawa, ayenera kuphukira kuchokera kumtambo.
Kufalikira kwa peonies ndi mizu ndi tsinde kudula
Zodulidwa, mosiyana ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu, imasungabe zosiyana zamtundu wa peonies. Gawo la mphukira ndi impso limadulidwa mu Julayi ndikubzala, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira liyenera kuzika mizu. Choipa cha njirayi ndikukula pang'onopang'ono kwa mbewu. Maluwa amabwera pokhapokha zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu.
Kuphatikiza pa muzu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tsinde. Pamwamba pa tsinde limadulidwa kuti ikhale ndi 2 infode. Mutha kuthana ndi phesi ndi zida zopangira mizu mwachangu.
Izi zodulidwa zobzalidwa m'malo obisalamo. Kuyambitsidwa kumachitika pansi pa msomali, osazika masentimita 4. Masabata angapo, ma peonies amafunikira kuti aziswedwa katatu patsiku. Kutentha kwa zomwe zadulidwa siziyenera kupitirira 25 digiri. Dzuwa lolunjika mwachindunji pa mbande ndizosafunanso.
Masabata atatu mutabzala, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino ubowole, koma osadutsa. Pakatha pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, mizu yake imaphuka ndipo masamba ophukira amapanga. M'dzinja, mbewu zimabzalidwa pansi. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambazi zimachitika pa iwo.
Mitengo yamapulogalamu imayambiranso pogawa chitsamba ndi kudula, koma mutha kugwiritsirabe ntchito njira zoyika ndi kulunzanitsa.
Kufalitsa kwa peony pokonza ndi kumalumikiza
Njira yofalitsira pakugawana imatha zaka ziwiri. Chakumapeto kwa masika, masamba a peonies asanatulutse, mphukira zophukira kwambiri zimapangidwa, kuthandizidwa ndi mizu yolimbikitsira, kenako ndikukhazikika munthaka ndikumangirizidwa. Dothi logwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba wosanjikiza liyenera kukhala losachepera masentimita 8. Nthaka yokhala ndi nthambi zimasungunuka panthawi yothirira.
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, mizu imayenera kuonekera kale ndipo nthambi ikhoza kubzalidwa kumalo ena.
Mutha kuyesa njira yoyeserera mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, ingopangitsani chofufumitsa ndikuchiphimba ndi moss ndi filimu. Pofika nthawi yophukira, mizu imatha kuonekera. Koma njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imalephera.
Nthawi zambiri, pe-yokhala ngati mtengo imalitsidwa ndikumalumikiza. Muzu wodula peony yamtengo umayikidwa muzu wa peony udzu. Mgwirizano wamizu wokutidwa ndi filimu. Peonies amasungidwa m'malo amdima mchidebe chaiwisi utuchi.
Pakatha mwezi umodzi, zinthuzo zimabzalidwa mchidebe china kuti diso la m'munsi ligwere pansi ndi 6 cm. Njira yokulira mbewu yolumikizidwa imatha zaka ziwiri.
- Zambiri pazakusamalidwa ndi kulima kwa peonies mitengo zitha kupezeka pano.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta peonies
- Matenda ofala kwambiri a peony ndi imvi zowola. Zimakhudza makamaka tsinde, koma imawonekeranso masamba. Zimatsimikizika ndikuwoneka ngati nkhungu pamtengowo, ngati masamba ndi masamba adasanduka akhungu peus, ndiye kuti mwina izi ndizowola. Zodwala zimadulidwa ndikuwotcha maluwa, ndipo masambaawo amawazidwa ndi yankho la mkuwa sulfate kapena madzi adyo.
- Mawonekedwe a bulauni pamasamba amawonetsa septoria. Amalimbana naye, komanso ndi imvi zowola.
- Powdery mildew kuwonongeka ndikothekanso. Pankhaniyi, zolengeza zoyera zimatha kuwoneka pazomera. Mu matendawa, ma peonies amatsukidwa ndi sopo wothira sodium (200 magalamu a sopo, 20 magalamu a vitriol pa malita 10 a madzi).
- Ngati masamba a peony amasanduka achikasu ndi kupindika, ndiye kuti mwina muzuwo unalumidwa ndi mbewa kapena zimbalangondo. Kuukira kwa kuyamwitsa tizilombo kumachitika. Unikani chitsamba mosamala. Ngati choyambitsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu, ndiye kuti chomera chimayenera kuikidwa lina.
- Kuperewera kwa maluwa mu peony kumachitika chifukwa chobzala kwambiri kapena feteleza wochulukirapo.
Peony tincture malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi contraindication
Peony tincture ndi chinyengo chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera ku udzu ndi mizu ya peony ija. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati piritsi yosalala komanso kugona, koma ambiri mawonekedwe ake ogwiritsira ntchito ndi ochulukirapo.
Peony tincture amathandizira ndi micros-vascular dystonia, neurosis, kukomoka, kupsinjika, nkhawa, kusintha kwa thupi, ndi matenda omwe amalumikizidwa ndi acidity yam'mimba, kupweteka kwa impso ndi chikhodzodzo, kumakhalanso ndi kubwezeretsa.
Ndiosafunika kutenga pakati, kuyamwitsa, ana, anthu okhala ndi acidity yam'mimba, anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa cha ziwalozo.
Kwa malangizo, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa madontho 30-40 musanadye. Nthawi yovomerezeka ndi mwezi umodzi. Musanatenge, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Kuchuluka kosavomerezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumaletsedwa. Ngati palibe zabwino zomwe zikuwoneka mkati mwa milungu iwiri, njira ya mankhwalawo iyenera kutha.
