Shaggy bumblebee pama hops onunkhira ...

Osangokhala njuchi zokha, komanso ma bumblebe amatha kutola timadzi tokoma ndi kulandira uchi, ndi omwe amadyetsa ana awo, komabe, abubu sayipanga zosunga uchi nthawi yozizira. Kupatula apo, bumblebees amangokhala chilimwe chokha, chiberekero chimodzi chokha chimatha kukhalako nthawi yozizira. Chapakatikati amadzuka ndikuyang'ana mozungulira akusaka chisa choyenera. Itha kukonzedwa kulikonse: pabowo lakale la Woodpecker kapena gologolo, m'dzenje la mbewa kapena hedgehog. Chachikulu ndikuti "chipindacho" chikuyenera kutsekedwa kuti kutentha kwina kusungidwe mkati.

© Polinizador

Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti njuchi zimagwira gawo lalikulu pakufetsa mbewu zosiyanasiyana pomwe zimalimbikitsa ulimi kumpoto. Chowonadi ndi chakuti njuchi ndi chimodzi mwa tizilombo tosazizira kwambiri, chosinthika bwino ndi moyo pamavuto akumpoto, komwe ma pollin enanso sangakhale kapena kuwuluka kwakanthawi kochepa. Bumblebees amafika kumpoto kupita ku Greenland, Novaya Zemlya, Chukotka ndi Alaska. Kukhazikika kwazizwitsa kotereku kumalumikizana ndi kuzindikirika kwa matupi awo. Nthawi zambiri zimavomerezedwa kuti tizilombo ndi nyama zamagazi oziziraomwe kutentha kwa thupi lake sikusiyana ndi kutentha komwe kumakhalako. Koma atayamba kuyeza kutentha kwa thupi la tizilombo tambiri ku Elbrus ndi Khibiny, kunapezeka kuti kutentha kwa thupi kwa ma bumblebees pafupifupi 40 ° C ndipo kumatha kupitirira kutentha kozungulira pofika 20 - 30 °. Kutentha kotere kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa minofu ya pectoral. Tizilombo titaleka kuyenda, imayamba kuzirala. Komabe, ngati ayamba "buzz", ndiye kuti, kukhazikitsa minofu ya chifuwa popanda kusuntha mapiko ake, ndiye kuti dontho la kutentha limayima kapena limayamba kukwera pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa cha izi, mabumboni amasunga kutentha pafupifupi 30-35 ° C chisa. Zakhala zikudziwika kuti "woliza lipenga" amawonekera m'ma zunguwa m'mawa kwambiri, komwe akuti amalimbikitsa abusa anzawo kugwira ntchito. Koma zinafika poti anali akunjenjemera ndi kuzizira. Zowonadi, m'maola, matenthedwe pafupi ndi dothi amatsika kwambiri (buzz anangoonedwa pa 3-4 a.m., ndipo monga mukudziwa, iyi ndi maola ozizira kwambiri). Chisa chimazizira ndipo, kuti chisawire, ma bumblebe amayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika ndi minofu ya pectoral. M'masiku otentha, mutha kuwona bulu pakhomo lolowera chisa, lomwe limakutumulira mapiko ake. Akugwira ntchito yotsegulira chisa. Kuphatikiza pa kugwedezeka kosalekeza (kupsinjika ndi kupuma kwa minofu), tsitsi lophimba mutu wake, khosi ndi m'mimba zimathandizira kuti thupi lizitentha kwambiri. Kutha kusunga kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi kunalola ma bumblebe kulowa pansi mpaka kumpoto. Koma salola kuti azikhala kumalo otentha. Pafupifupi mitundu 300 ya anyaniwa amakhala ku North Eurasia, North America ndi mapiri. Ndipo mitundu iwiri yokha ndi yomwe imapezeka m'malo otentha ku Brazil.

Mabumbowa - Great Pollinators. Chifukwa cha thumbo tambiri tambiri, amatha kutulutsa timadzi tamaluwa tating'ono tating'ono kwambiri. Anthu a ku Europe atasamukira ku South Australia ndi ku New Zealand, komwe nyengo yawo imafanana ndi ya ku Europe, adayamba kuyesa kulima zovala zofiirira. Anapereka mabala olemera, okhala ndi maluwa ambiri, koma munalibe njere. Zidapezeka kuti ku Australia kapena ku New Zealand kulibe zipatso zomwe zimayeretsa mbewu ku Europe ndi North America. Mitundu iwiri ya mabumbidwe itabwera kuno kuchokera ku Europe ndipo idakondwerera, clover adayamba kubala mbewu zabwino. Tsopano ma bumblebe ndi omwe amayesedwa kuti ndi abwino kwambiri opanga mbewu zabwino zaudzu. Pachifukwa ichi, amaziwalika mwangozi ndipo amakhala okhazikika pa othandizira. Kupambana kwakukulu pakupanga zolembedwatu ku Russia kunatheka chifukwa cha ntchito ya katswiri wazophunzira zam'madzi G. S. Voveikov. Kuyesedwa kwa "mabumboni" omwe adapangidwa ndi iye poyesa kuyesa kuti zokolola za mbewu zofiira za clover zidakulitsa ndi 71% poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera. Bumblebees samangotengera timadzi tokoma, komanso mungu kuchokera kuzomera. Kufikitsa ku chisa izi kununkhira kwa bumblebees amathandizidwa ndi zida zapadera zomwe zimakhala pamiyendo yakumbuyo. Ichi ndi chipangizo chophatikizika chopangidwa ndi "maburashi" ndi "mabasiketi". Koma mungu umangogwera m'miyendo mwapadera. Nthawi zina madontho a fumbi amakhala pamimba, kenako amasinthidwa kukhala duwa lina. Ziphuphu zimatha kutolera mungu ndi timadzi tokoma kuchokera ku mbewu kwambiri, mwachangu kwambiri. Akatswiri ofufuza za nyama akuti mwina m'munda umodzi wokha mumayenda maluwa okwana 2634 pa mphindi 100.

Ziphuphu zimagwira mosavomerezeka nyengo iliyonse, ndipo chifukwa cha kupukutidwa kowonjezera, zokolola za, mwachitsanzo, tomato zimachulukitsidwa ndi gawo lachitatu. Ziphuphu zimauluka kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. Kwambiri kwambiri - chakudya chamasana. Samasamala mvula. Kusamalira ana ndizoposa zonse. M'masiku oyipa, kuchoka kumodzi kumakhala kokwanira kuti mkazi azitha kupatsa ana chakudya ndikumawotha kwa ola limodzi. Koma m'mwezi wa Meyi, kukakhala mvula yambiri, kwa masiku atatu kapena anayi, ana amatha kufa. Osatinso kuzizira, koma chifukwa chakudyacho.

Ma bunda a m'munda samawulukira kumadera oyandikira ndikupereka ziphuphu kuchokera kuminda yamaluwa. Ngati bumblebees angakonde nyumba yanu yobiriwira ngati malo owetera, ndiye kuti ngakhale kutentha pamatchi a phwetekere sikudzakhala duwa limodzi lopanda kanthu. Komanso m'mizere yamatango. Tsopano mbandakucha, maluwa agalu amatenga timadzi tokoma ndi mungu, mungu wochokera mungu usanayambike kutentha kwa 32 - 36-degree, pamene kupukutira kale kulibe ntchito. Bumblebees, mosiyana ndi njuchi, zimayang'aniridwa bwino kubiriwira ndipo siziphula filimu ndigalasi.

Ndibwino kuti pakhale maluwa ambiri pachaka komanso osatha. Sangosangalatsa ndi maso, koma ndi chakudya chofunikira kwa njuchi, njuchi, zolumikizira ngati mbidzi, zingwe, zironda ndi majeremusi a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Malo oyandikira a bumblebee ayenera kukhala okwanira masikono a kasupe: heather, daffodil, primrose, crocus. Chofunika kwambiri kwa bumblebees ndi msondodzi wa mbuzi, gwero lalikulu la mungu mu kasupe. Kukhalapo kwa maluwa ochedwa maluwa kumathandiza kuti akazi akukonzekera nthawi yayitali kuti apange zosowa zofunika mthupi. Samalani ndi zomera zopendekera mochedwa - mutha kuwonera. Mutha kuwatenga ndi manja anu opanda kanthu - amuna alibe mbola. Ndipo zonunkhira zokopa zazikazi zimamveka bwino.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ma bumblebe akumadera oyandikira anthu akhala ochepa. Mwina chimodzi mwazifukwa zake ndi chakuti mu Epulo-Meyi, posaka chisa, amalowa m'ming'aluyo m'magulu omwe satha kupeza njira yobwererera, ndikufa pazenera zotsekedwa masiku awiri, osakhala ndi malo osungirako thupi pambuyo nthawi yachisanu chakudya. Kotero likukhalira lowala, koma lodzaza mabowo nyumba zamatchuthi zamalimwe amasanduka misampha ya tizilombo todziwika bwino.

Chinanso chomwe chimapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri afe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo molakwika. Simungathe kupopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo pa maluwa, komanso masana, makamaka nthawi yotentha, osalekanitsa mbewu zamaluwa ndi filimu. Bwino kuchita kukonzekera mochedwa.

Ngakhale ndi zazikulu kwambiri, ma bumblebe ndi amtendere kwambiri komanso samawuma kwambiri.. Chifukwa chake, apapa awo, koko ndi mphutsi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chakudya chokoma cha nkhandwe, ma badger, ma voles ndi makoswe ena. Mabubu ali ndi mdani wina wowopsa. Ngati mungayifanizire ndi bumblebe mwini, zimapezeka kuti wolakwayo ndiocheperako kangapo, koma samachitenga mokakamiza, koma zochuluka. Itha kupezeka mu nkhalango iliyonse, kudula kulikonse. Izi ndi nyerere. Nyerere sizosangalatsa kulawa uchi wa bumblebee, komanso kuluma mphutsi zonenepa. Chifukwa chake, kuti nyerere zisakhumudwe mwangozi pachisa, njuchi zimachotsa masamba onse a udzu ndi masamba ozungulira chisa.

Thawani kuti mudzatichezere.

Aliyense wokhala pachilimwe amatha kukopa njuchi ku malo ake. Ndikokwanira kuyika mkati mwa khoma lachipinda chothandizira, pafupifupi, ndi malo a 1 x 1-1,5 m ndi udzu, moss, masamba owuma, kuphimba chilichonse ndi zadenga, hardboard. Kubowoleza kunja kwa mabowo awiri okhala ndi masentimita 1 - 2,5 kwa taphole, pangani dengu pamwamba pake, kukhomera bar.

Mutha kupanga nyumba yamng'oma. Zomwe, banja la bumblebee litakhala momwemo nyengo imodzi, likufunika kuwotchedwa, siloyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, chifukwa majeremusi ambiri amakhalabe mu chisa. Muzochuluka kwambiri, nyumbayo iyenera kutsukidwa ndikuthira madzi otentha.

Nthawi zina nyumba ya bumblebee imatha kukhala ngati chidutswa cha chitoliro cha simenti, chotsekedwa mbali zonse, ndi bowo ngati dzenje la bomba; mphika wamaluwa komanso nyumba y mbalame. Mkati, chisa chija chimadzaza ndi matawulo ofewa kapena ubweya wa thonje. Dzenje lanyengo yachilimwe mu mvula yotchinga mvula imakutira kachidutswa kamatabwa komwe kamayikidwa miyala pamphepete. Ikani mwala kapena njerwa pamwamba kuti mphepo kapena nyama zisasunthe.

Mnyumba ming'oma yamphika yamaluwa ndi malo osavuta kufikira ndipo ngati simukugonja, mungathe kutaya mtima. Ngakhale katswiri wa entom V. Grebennikov, yemwe anali katswiri pantchito yoswana, sanasankhe theka la malo opanga zisa, omwe amawoneka kuti ndi opambana. Mufunika chipiriro. Ngati nyumbayo sinakhale yopanda kumapeto kwa Julayi - itenge ku nkhokwe kuti isungidwe mpaka nyengo yotsatira. Nyumba ya ming'oma yopangira njuchi iziyenera kusiyidwa m'mundawu kuyambira Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi chaka chilichonse mpaka banja la bumblebee litulukemo.

Pazomwe zimapangidwa kuti zizisungidwa, pali mitundu ina ya nyumba yopangira timiyala ta pulasitiki ya Oxford Bee (Oxford Bee Company).

Chidziwitso: kuti mutenthe kutentha, mutha kuyikanso thonje pamenepo.

Malo omwe mng'oma wa bumblebee adzatsogozedwenso ndi a bumblebe achikazi omwe akufuna malo okhalamo chisa mu Epulo-Meyi-Juni. Ikhoza kukhala yosangalatsa, yosakhala ngodya yofunda. Mabulewe sakhala ankhanza ndipo amazolowera kuyandikira kwa anthu. Chofunikira chokha ndikuteteza mng'oma ku nyerere, zomwe zitha kulowa mnyumbamo osati kudzera mumsewu, koma kudzera muming'alu yamakhoma.

Fotokozerani nyumba zopezeka m'mundamo chaka chilichonse ndi chiyembekezo chabwino.