Kerria (Kerria) ndi chitsamba chowongolera chomwe ndi chiwalo cha banja la a Pinki. Mitundu ya mbewuyi idayamba ku Japan ndi kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China, komwe imakonda kupezeka m'nkhalango ndi m'mapiri. Dera lapaderali lidalandiridwa ndi Kerry chifukwa cha wasayansi wamkulu wazotengera komanso wasayansi wotchuka, yemwe amagwira ntchito m'minda yakale ya Ceylon. Masiku ano, ndi mitundu yokha ya zitsamba izi yomwe imadziwika - Japan Kerria (Kerria japonica). Nthawi yake yamaluwa imagwirizana ndi imodzi ya tchuthi chachikulu cha Orthodox - Isitala, ndipo chikho cha maluwa chofanana ndi duwa.
Kufotokozera kwa chitsamba cha Kerry
Kerria Japan amadziwika ndi kukula msanga. Mphukira zake zobiriwira zimatha kutalika pafupifupi mamita 3. Zimafanana ndi ndodo zomwe zimapangidwa kukhala mtundu wa chulu. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi masamba a rasipiberi, amakula mpaka 10 cm, ali ndi malekezero ndi mbali zomveka. M'nyengo yotentha, amapaka utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino, pafupi ndi yophukira mtundu wawo amasintha kukhala chowala chachikasu. Maluwa amakula payekhapayekha ndipo amatulutsa fungo lakuthwa, m'mimba mwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 4.5. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa masika ndipo imatha mpaka Ogasiti. Maluwa obwerezedwanso nthawi zambiri amawonedwa m'dzinja. Kutentha kwa mzere wapakati sikuloleza Kerria kupanga zipatso.
Mphukira zokongola zimasweka mosavuta ndi mphepo yamphamvu, chifukwa chomwe malo abwino kwambiri obzala kudzakhala malo omwe ali pafupi ndi zitsamba zofanana: maluwa a spirea kapena tiyi waku China. Mu kasupe, ndi maluwa omwe akutuluka msanga zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, amawoneka bwino kwambiri phlox, lilac irises ndi buzulnik.
Tikukula Kerria poyera
Njira zodzala mabulosi poyera zimachitika mchaka kapena m'dzinja, chisanu chisanayambe. Mbande zomwe zakula mumiphika zimaloledwa kulowa m'malo mwake nthawi iliyonse pachaka, osawerengera nthawi yachisanu.
Malo abwino okhala ndi malo otetezedwa ndi mphepo komanso malo owala ndi dzuwa. Mukaponya Kerria mumthunzi wocheperako, ndiye kuti maluwa sangachepe. Mwachitsanzo, dera lomwe lili ndi mitengo yayitali ya zipatso lingakhale labwino. Korona wawo amateteza maluwa ndi masamba a chitsamba kuti asatope.
Dothi lolimidwa liyenera kusankhidwa lonyowa, lachonde ndi lothira. Zomera zonse zamatchire zimamva bwino mkati mwake. Poyamba, amakumba bowo lakuya masentimita 40, manyowa pansi osakanikirana ndi nthaka ndi humus ndi turf. Kenako imawonjezera 60-80 g wa feteleza wovuta wa mchere.
Mbeu za Keri zimayikidwa pakatikati pa dzenje, mutatha kuwongola mizu yake, pomwepo malo opanda kanthu amadzazidwa ndi dothi lokonzedweralo. Nthaka imapanikizidwa pang'ono ndikuthilira, pomwe khosi la mizu limayenera kutuluka kuchokera pansi.
Kusamalira Kerry M'munda
Kuti mbewuyo ioneke yabwinobwino, yokongola komanso yokonzedwa bwino, ndikofunikira kuisamalira moyenera komanso kuthirira nthawi yake. Kukula chitsamba ichi pokhapokha kumafuna kudulira, kumamasula ndi kuphatikiza dothi, kudula nthambi zakufa ndi maluwa owuma.
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika pamene nthaka yapamwamba idayuma. Pafupipafupi imachulukana ndi maluwa kapena nyengo yoma kwambiri. Madzi othirira ayenera choyamba kutetezedwa ndikuwotchedwa ndi dzuwa. Pakakhala mvula yambiri chilimwe, munthu ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chitukuko cha mabulosi, kumachita thukuta mosalekeza kuzungulira chitsamba ndikuchotsa namsongole. Sakonda chinyezi chambiri.
Kuonetsetsa kuti mbewu zikukula mwachangu komanso maluwa ambiri, dothi limapangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Mtengowo ukazirala, umadyetsedwa ndi manyowa a mullein kapena manyowa ochulukirapo, ndikuwonjezera phulusa la nkhuni feteleza.
Thirani
Chitsamba chingathe kusamutsidwa mosavuta kupita kwina. Komabe, ndibwino kuyesa kuchita njirayi osati nthawi yozizira kapena nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yabwino yoyika ndi kuphukira kapena pakati pa Okutobala. Panthawi imeneyi, masamba ena onse alibe masamba.
Chitsamba chimachotseredwa mosamala kuchokera ku makalata, popanda kuphwanya umphumphu wa mizu ndikuchotsa dongo, ndiye kuti chimasunthidwa ku dzenje lomwe anakumba bwino kwambiri ndipo zomwe zimachitidwazo zimabwerezedwa poyambilira. Kwa milungu ingapo, Kerry amafunika kupatsidwa madzi okwanira kuti azitha kudyetsa bwino mizu yake ndi chinyezi.
Njira zolerera
Chijapani cha ku Japan chimagawika m'njira zingapo: pogawa tchire, kugawa, mphukira ndi kudula.
Kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, mutha kudula zodula zodula, ndipo mu Julayi - zobiriwira. Osachepera impso ziwiri. Kubzala mitengo yodula kumachitika pakuzizira kozizira komanso kwamtambo. Kutuluka kwa mizu ndi njira yayitali. Zidula zimasiyidwa nthawi yozizira mu wowonjezera kutentha. Chaka chotsatira, kumapeto kwa masika, amaziika m'malo amaluwa kapena mumbale zina ndikuzisamutsira kuchipinda chofunda, ndipo patapita chaka ndikuziika pamalo otseguka.
M'dzinja, kufalitsa tchire ndi ana kumachitika. Kuti muchite izi, mphukira zimalekanitsidwa ndikubzala mosiyana. Mizu ya ana imasinthidwa kuti izitha kusintha. Potengera chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika, mizu imamera bwino ndikukula ndikukula.
Kerry ndiwosavuta kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo. Kuti tichite izi, kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mphukira zazing'ono za tchire zimayikidwa mwakung'ono, komwe kumakhala kukumba kosaposa masentimita 7. Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, masamba a zigawo amatha kupanga mphukira zazing'ono. Atafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15, malo opendekera awa momwe moyo watsopano unapangidwira amawazidwa ndi dothi lapansi. Mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira imazika mizu, kotero kuti ikhoza kuziika kale patsamba lina.
Gawoli la chitsamba nthawi zambiri limachitika molumikizana ndi kumuika. Chomera chokumbidwa chimatulutsidwa mosamala m'nthaka ndikugawika m'magawo, kusiya mizu yathanzi ndikumaphukira komwe kumatha kupulumuka mwa chilichonse. Awo ikamatera ikuchitika chimodzimodzi monga nthawi yoyamba kufikitsa chitsamba. Kenako dothi limanyowa bwino.
Kuchepetsa
Masamba asanayambe kupanga pa mphukira za mabulosi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera kudulira. Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa nthambi zamtundu wolimba kuchokera ku nthambi zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka. Iwo amafupikitsidwa ndi kotala. Mukadulira moyenerera, mbewuyo imawoneka yowoneka bwino komanso yowoneka bwino ndipo imayamba kuphuka bwino.
Nthawi yamaluwa ikatha, kudulira kwathunthu kwa mphukira zakale kumachitika, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zimafupikitsidwa ndi masentimita angapo kuti mukhale mawonekedwe a chitsamba.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Chomera chomera ichi chimatha kukana matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Mpaka pano, palibe umboni wotsimikizira kuti matendawa adapezeka ku Japan ndi tizilombo kapena matenda aliwonse omwe wapezeka.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Gawo lomwe nyengo yotentha imakhala ndi malo abwino opangira zitsamba, chifukwa chake nthawi yozizira sifunikira kuphimba. M'madera apakati pakatikati, nyengo yachisanu nthawi zina nyengo yachisanu imakhalapo chifukwa chosowa chophimba chipale chofewa. Zikatero, amafunika kulinganiza pogona pabwino.
Malangizo okulira Kerry m'matawuni
Ntchito zodzala ndi kusamalira ma kerry m'malo a kanjira apakati zimachitidwa chimodzimodzi m'malo onse. Komabe, kulima zitsamba kumadera oyandikira kapena m'chigawo cha Leningrad kumafunikira malo apadera. Imakutidwa ndi kuzizira kumapeto kwa nyengo yophukira kuti nyengo yamphukira imakankhira pansi. Kuzungulira chitsamba, chithovu chimayikidwa kale. Kuyambira kumwamba, mtengowo umakutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba owuma. Kuti nthambi za spruce zisawongole, mtundu wina umayikidwa pachitsamba. Chitani izi pokha pokha ziyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira.
Masika akangofika, nyengo yamvula, Kerria amasulidwa mosamala kupita ku malo okhala. Choyamba, chimango chimachotsedwa, kenako masamba amachotsedwa. Kuti mphukira zisatenthe chifukwa cha kuwala kwa dzuwa, zimatetezedwa ndi chilichonse. Izi zipulumutsa mbewu kuimfa. Nthawi zina muzochitika zotere, mphukira zowotcha zimatha kudulidwa, maluwa okha ndiwo omwe angasokonezedwe.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Kerry
Monga tanena kale, banja la a Kerry lili ndi mtundu umodzi wokha - Japan Kerry, koma uli ndi mitundu yambiri yaminda yosiyanasiyana:
- Albomarginata - Mitundu yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono, yomwe imadziwika ndi masamba asymmetrical. M'mphepete mwake amakhala ndi kakhalidwe koyera ngati chipale. Mtundu wa Kerry umakonda kwambiri anthu ambiri wamaluwa.
- Variegata imatha kutalika mpaka 60 cm, imadziwika ndi kukula kwambiri. Masamba ophimbidwa utoto m'malo oyera poterera, maluwa amakhala ndi tint yachikasu.
- Argenteo-marginata - mbewu yayitali ndi maluwa achikasu ndi masamba okhala ndi malire woonda.
- Kerria Japan Aureovariegata imayimira kachitsamba kakang'ono kwambiri kokhala ndi masamba a terry komanso masamba okongola kwambiri ndipo amadziwika ndi maluwa ataliatali, nthawi yomwe imatha kufikira miyezi itatu.
- Kerria Golden Guinea - chomera chowoneka bwino chokhala ndi maluwa osavuta ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 6 cm.
- Kerria pleiflore amatchedwa chitsamba chomwe chimakutidwa ndi kasupe ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono awiri owoneka ngati mapangidwe mu mawonekedwe.
- Kerria albiflora Ili ndi maluwa oyera oyera.
