Zaka mazana awiri chisanafike nthawi yathu ino, magulu azikhalidwe zapamwamba adalemekezedwa ndi abale achifumu achi China komanso otsogolera anzawo. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamaluwa ooneka ngati mitengo omwe masiku ano amakongoletsa mabwalo, mapaki ndi minda ya maluwa ndi mbadwo wakutali wazomera kuchokera ku Middle Kingdom, komanso ma hybrids omwe amapezeka mwaluso komanso chifukwa cha kupukutidwa kwachilengedwe.
Magulu a mitundu ya mitengo peonies
Kwa zaka 2000, mitengo yamaluwa tsopano ndi yokongola kwambiri, yowala komanso yokongola kwambiri. Ojambula maluwa amakono ali ndi mitundu pafupifupi 1000 yokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu. Ambiri a iwo ndi mitundu yama China ochokera kuntchito zoberekera:
- North Central China;
- madera akumwera chakum'mawa kwa dzikolo;
- madera a m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Yangtze;
- Madera akumpoto chakumadzulo kwa PRC.
Kutengera ndi gulu lalikulu lamtunduwu komanso mitundu yosatha yazomera, mitundu yabwino kwambiri yazipatso zamitengo zochokera ku Europe, USA ndi Japan zidalimidwa. Chifukwa cha zoyeserera za ambiri okonda kutengera, dziko lonse lapansi la peonies layambiranso ndi makope okhala ndi mitundu yoyambirira ya lilac, chikasu, mithunzi yobiriwira.
Hu Lan Peony (Hubei Blue) - Mtundu wosiyanasiyana wochokera ku Chigawo cha Hubei
M'mundamu mutha kuwona zochititsa chidwi zokhala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ma coroll ofanana ndi ma pomponi, chrysanthemums kapena ma lotus.
Atalandira mitundu yapadera, olima maluwa a New and Old World, monga anzawo ach China, amakonda mitengo yamitengo yayitali kwambiri ngati corollas yayikulu kwambiri. Mitundu iyi imawoneka modabwitsa ndipo imakondwera ndi chikondi chodabwitsa kwambiri chamaluwa. Komabe, pali peonies ena.
Mtengo waku Japan
Zowetera kuchokera ku Land of the Rising Sun, kutsatira malingaliro achikhalidwe chokongola, zapanga gulu lonse la mitengo yakuwoneka ngati mitengo ya Japan yokhala ndi maluwa osakhala aŵiri ndi theka. Mitundu iyi ikuwoneka bwino kwambiri, kupepuka, mawonekedwe okongola komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Zosiyanasiyana zamitundu yoyera
Mtundu woyera umatengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kuyera, kutsukidwa komanso kudziwika. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti kuona maluwa oyera oyera ngati chipale chofewa m'munda mwawo ndi chidwi chomwe aliyense wazomerazi amapanga. Komabe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe achilengedwewo, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa kuyera kwathunthu kwa ma corollas.
Pakatikati pa ma peonies oyera okhala ndi korona wa stamens ali ndi mtundu wachikaso wagolide, ndipo ma pinki kapena ofiirira-rasipiberi amasunthidwa pansi pamiyala.
Xue Ta Tree Peony (Chipilala cha Chipale)
Ndipo, komabe, mitengo yoyera ya peyala ilipo. Chitsanzo chachikulu ndi mitundu yotchuka ya ku China yotchedwa Xue Ta, Chipilala cha Snow kapena Snow Pagoda. Ichi ndi chitsamba chamuyaya chomwe chimamasulidwa koyamba mzaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndikufika msinkhu wa masentimita 150 pofika zaka 10.
Chomera chamtundu wamtchire ndizosavuta kuzindikira ndi maluwa achidule okhala ngati maluwa kapena anemones. Choyera chakumapeto kwa mafelemu m'munsi chimakhala ndi mtundu wa pinki kapena pichesi. Chifukwa cha zolimba zokwanira zimayambira, ngakhale matumba otseguka kwathunthu okhala ndi mainchesi 16 mpaka 16 osagwa ndikukongoletsa chitsamba chobiriwira chambiri kwa masiku angapo.
Mtengo Peony White Jade
Mtundu wina womwe wakopa chidwi kwambiri kwa wamaluwa ndi yade yoyera yomwe ili chithunzi ndi maluwa oyera awiri-kawiri ndi korona wagolidi wawo ambiri.
Mitundu yakale, ku China yotchedwa Yu Ban Bai, imadziwika kuti ndi yoyera kwambiri. Komabe, adapambana chikondi osati ndi mthunzi wapadera wa maluwa. Maluwa ofanana ndi maluwa a Lotus amafika masentimita 17. Amawoneka bwino motsutsana ndi masamba azithunzi zakuda zobiriwira. Chifukwa cha mauka olimba, ma peonies amawoneka bwino pamaluwa. Fungo lawo labwino lonunkhira limapangitsa kuti pakhale chisangalalo komanso chisangalalo.
Peony Yoyera ya Phoenix
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamapulogalamu a mitengo imaphatikizapo White Phoenix kapena Feng Dan Bai. Chomera chokhala ndi maluwa oyera kapena ofiira pang'ono amtundu wosavuta amadziwika ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso kusasitsa msanga. Ma corollas akuluakulu okhala ndi miyala ya silky yotseguka pamwamba pamasamba masamba asanaphuke pazinthu zina za peony. Chifukwa chake, mitunduyi imayamikiridwa osati kokha chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera, komanso monga yabwino kwambiri yamitundu inanso.
Peony Mtengo Wonunkhira Lily
Pazolowera koyamba, mitundu yapitayi imatha kusokonezeka mosavuta ndi mtengo wa peony. Fungo la maluwa, mawonekedwe a mitundu ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe ali pafupi kwambiri.
Chomera chachikulu kwambiri chokhala ndi maluwa oyera onunkhira chidzakongoletsa malo aliwonse. Zolocha zokongoletsera zamagetsi agolide ndi rasipiberi zimapatsa theka-corollas chiphokoso chapadera komanso voliyumu.
Mitundu yofiira ya mitengo peonies
Mitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri yamapulogalamu azithunzi padziko lonse lapansi idzathandizira kukongoletsa mundawo ndi mithunzi yofiirira ya rasipiberi.
Mtengo wa Peal Coral
Pamiyala ya peony yokhala ngati Coral Altar kapena Shan hu tai, monga dzina la mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatchulidwe achi China, pinki, ofiira, amitundu amtundu wa lalanje. M'mphepete, matoni amawoneka bwino, ndipo kumanzere kumakhala kokwanira momwe mungathere, pafupifupi burgundy.
Pamiyala yoluka, yodzaza matopeyi imasonkhanitsidwa m'miyala yamtali yotalika masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi fungo lokoma pang'ono komanso ochepa. Kufika pamtunda wamtali wamtali wa 150 masentimita komwe kumapangitsa zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana kukhala zokongola kwambiri.
Terry Terry Peony Zosiyanasiyana Shima Nishiki
Limodzi mwa malo oyamba mu mtundu wa kutchuka kwa peonies wokhazikika ndi mitundu yosankhidwa ya Japan. Okonda am'deralo amapereka mitundu iwiri yomveka komanso yodabwitsa.
Chifukwa cha kusinthika kwadzidzidzi kochokera kwa akatswiri opanga zitsamba mu tchire lofiira ngati mtengo wa Taiyo, mu 1974, Shima Nishiki wobadwira mwamphamvu adabadwa. Ndizosavuta kuzindikira ndi miyala yake yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mikwingwirima ndi mikwingwirima yofiyira kwambiri komanso yosakhwima, pafupifupi yoyera.
Duwa Lodabwitsa la Peony Dao Jin
Kukongola kwa peony yaku Japan kunathandizira kufalitsa kunja kwa dziko la Rising Sun. Mnzathu waku China amatchedwa Dao Jin. Chomera chokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu, amatsenga 25 masentimita 25 mawonekedwe a theka-terry adzakhala nyenyezi yowoneka bwino m'munda uliwonse.
Tree Peony Hinode Sekai (Japan)
Kwa madera ang'onoang'ono komwe kulibe malo okwanira mita imodzi ndi theka, ma Hinode Sekai okongola, kapena World of the Rising Sun, ndi abwino. Uku ndi kuzizira kwachilengedwe kwa kusankhidwa kwa Japan. Imafika kutalika kwa masentimita 90-120. Yokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ofiira owala kapena awiri-awiri popanda fungo.
Mithunzi yofiirira, yofiirira, yofiirira ya mitengo peonies
Ogulitsa maluwa nthawi zambiri amabwera kudzagula malingaliro kuti agule peonies ofiira, abuluu kapena mtundu wabuluu. Pofuna kuti musakhumudwe mutagula, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ma peony sangapake penti yamtambo wakuda.
Pangokhala ndi kusungunuka kwathunthu pamaluwa owala a lilac, violet, mithunzi ya buluu amawonekera.
Peony yakuya buluu
Mwachitsanzo ndi peony ngati mtengo, wodziwika bwino bwino kwa olima maluwa aku Russia, ndi nyanja yakuya yamtambo yamtambo nthawi yayitali. Zitsamba zokhala ndi masamba osungika zimatha kukhala ndi maluwa osachepera 50 obiriwira bwino okhala ndi chikasu chachikaso ndi miyala yofiirira. Pomwe maluwa, omwe amatha mpaka milungu iwiri, atatha, mbewu sizikutaya kukongoletsa kwake. Masamba obiriwira, omwe amasakanizidwa mobwerezabwereza amakhala abwino mpaka chisanu.
Aliyense yemwe alibe chidwi ndi mitundu ya utoto wakuya wofiirira angafune kufotokozeredwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati korona wa Emperor wa peony.
Peony Guan Qun Fang (Korona Wachifumu)
Kunyumba, ku China komanso padziko lonse lapansi, mbewu yomwe ili ndi maluwa ofiirira akuda okhala ngati korona wamtunda imatchedwa Guan Qun Fang. Zowoneka bwino, monga ma bulibule corollas amawonekera bwino pamtunda wa masamba obiriwira owala. Maluwa amachitika theka loyamba la chilimwe, amatenga masiku 10 mpaka 14. Ngati chomera cha mtengo wofanana ndi peony korona wa Imperi chimapereka chisamaliro cha chisanu ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha chilimwe, maluwa ake amaphukira kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi, pomwe maluwawo samatha nthawi yayitali ndipo ndi abwino kudula.
Peony of Rock (Paeonia rockii) Nyanja ya Purple
Mitundu yakale yaku China ya peony sinatheretu lero. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi, zitsamba zokhala ngati peony Purple Ocean zimapezeka kwambiri m'minda ya ku Europe. Mitundu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Paeonia rockii idakondedwanso ku Russia. Ili ndi mphatso yolandilidwa kwa aliyense wokonda peonies, si aliyense amene akuchita bwino kupeza mmera.
Mitengo yamtundu wa Purple Ocean imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 16 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 13. Zipilala zamtali zofiirira zakuda zimakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yoyera kapena yapinki yotuluka kuyambira pansi pa corolla mpaka m'mphepete.
Duwa la peony, ku China, lotchedwa Zi Hai Yin Bo, limayamba m'masiku otsiriza a Meyi ndipo limatha kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June.
Chochititsa chidwi, pazomera zazing'ono za peony, korona wa Imperial, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a loti. Akamakula, chitsamba chija chimakutidwa ndi miyala yambiri ya terry corollas.
Kuchokera pa maluwa pamabwera fungo lokhazikika ndi zolemba za zipatso ndi zonunkhira. Izi zimapangitsa zosiyanasiyana kukhala zonunkhira bwino kwambiri. Zitsamba za mtengo wofiirira ngati peony mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka ndi zolimba. Pokhala malo ochepa, nthawi yozizira ku Russia.
Mitengo yapinki
Mitundu yofatsa, yolimba, yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa yokhala ndi maluwa apinki a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ndiye maziko a zopereka zachilengedwe zodabwitsazi.
Kufalikira kwa Peony Blue Sapphire (Lan bao shi)
Chithunzi chomwe chimawonetsedwa mu chithunzi cha Blue Sapphire chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwazipangidwe zabuluu zabwino kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, pamakhala maluwa akuluakulu, osavuta kukhala ndi maluwa okhala ndi utoto wapinki, ndipo kunyezimira kwamaso pa izo kumawonekera pafupi kumapeto kwa maluwa. Zomera zimakula msanga ndipo zimaphuka kwambiri, pofika pakati pa Juni zitakutidwa ndi masamba ambiri onunkhira okhala ndi mainchesi 15 mpaka 25 cm.
Mtengo wa Mlongo Kiao
Chikondi chapadera cha alimi a maluwa ku China amagwiritsa ntchito chithunzi cha Mlongo Kiao chithunzichi. Zitsamba mpaka 130 cm kutalika kwa mwezi wa June zimakutidwa ndi maluwa osazolowereka, pamiyala yomwe imakhala yotuwa, pafupifupi yoyera ndi yamtambo yofiirira. Chifukwa cha gawo lapadera, shrub imodzi imatha kupanga mbiri yabwino pakona iliyonse ya munda.
Zomwe zimachokera mosiyanasiyana sizikudziwika, koma zimagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu chokhudza kukongola kolimba mtima. Chinjoka chakuda chikuukira mudzi yaying'ono, alongo a ku Kiao okha ndi amene sanachite mantha kulowa nawo nkhondoyi. Masiku asanu ndi anayi usana ndi usiku, atabisala pansi pa mphasa m'munda wa mpunga, adalondera munthu wosaka nyumba uja. Kenako anapha chinjoka, amene anali kukhala pa zokolola. Tsoka ilo, alongowo adamwalira kunkhondo. Anzake adawayika, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi chitsamba chamtengo wapatali chidawoneka pamanda ndi ma corollas amitundu iwiri.
Mtengo Peony Fen heansoo jiang
Zosalimbikitsa kusiya ndi nthaka, yogwira komanso yodalirika kalasi. Ma epithet amenewa amveka kumadilesi a mtengo wa Pinki Pinki. Zomera zam'mera zoyambirira zimadziwika ndi kukula mwachangu komanso maluwa ambiri. M'masiku oyamba a Juni, tchire la kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka limakutidwa ndi maluwa ofanana ndi maluwa okongola a pinki.
Pofotokozera mtengowo mumtsinje wa Pinki, dzina lachi China loti Fen he piao jiang likupezeka ndipo kumasulira kwina ku Chirasha ndiko Pinki. Maina onse oyamba ndi achiwiriwa amagogomezera za kufalikira kwa maluwa okongoletsa osatha.
Peony Lantian Jay
Okonda maluwa obiriwira osangalatsa adzakondwera ndi peony Lantian Jay kapena Lan tian yu, monga mmera umatchulidwira ku China. Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mmera wotalika masentimita 120 umaphimbidwa ndi maluwa onunkhira a mauve okongola.
Anali mawu apaderawa omwe adapatsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana dzina lodziwika bwino kwa olima maluwa aku Russia - mtengo wokhala ngati peony Blue Doe. Ma petals omwe ali ndi masisitini amakhala ovala bwino komanso osakanikirana ngati pompom. M'munsi mwa corolla, pamakhala zambiri kuposa izi, zomwe zimapangitsa mbewu kukhala yofanana ndi wachibale wapafupi - msipu wa udzu.
Mu chithunzi pamwambapa - peony Lantian jay. Mtundu wocheperako wamtundu waku China womwe umapezeka mukulima ku Japan.
Peony Pink Jao (Zhao fen)
Maluwa akuluakulu ofiira apinki ndi mawonekedwe a mtengo peony Pink Jao. Ma corollas amtundu wowoneka bwino m'mimba mwake amafikira 18, ndipo kutalika - 8 masentimita 8. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa maluwa, ngakhale zimphamvu zolimba zimawerama pang'ono, ndikupatsa chitsamba chowoneka bwino.
Zhao fen ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yakale yolimidwa. Peony limamasula kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, ndikudzaza mundawo ndi fungo labwino kwambiri la ziphuphu zakumaso.
Kukongola Kwa Peony Twin
Mtengo wofanana ndi peony Gemini, pachithunzichi, nthawi zina amatchedwa Two Beauties, Twin Beauty kapena Zi er qiao. Duwa la terry lamtunduwu limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a paki yamoto ndi mitundu ya carmine, ofiira kapena ofiira. Dawo la corolla ndi 14 masentimita, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 6. Pakumalizidwa kwathunthu, pakati pachikaso ndikuwonekera. Masamba osemedwa pang'ono, ngakhale kuti sakuwala pakugwa, ndizokongoletsa kwambiri. Nthangala za perennial tuberous zimakulidwanso m'munda.
Zosiyanasiyana za peony za mtengo wachikasu
Zinali zotheka kupeza mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati maluwa ndi achikasu, malalanje, maluwa opaka pichesi chifukwa chodutsa.
Kinko kapena Jin Huang, momwe amawatchulira ku China, ndi peony yotchuka ya mtengo wachikasu. Kuchokera pazithunzi za peony, ndikosavuta kuyang'ana chidwi ndi kukongola kwa maluwa.
Dera la ku Europe la mbewuyi, Alice Harding, lidalandidwa mu 1935 kuchokera kwa wopanga wawo, a Victor Lemoine aku France. Zinali zotheka kupeza maluwa achikasu achikasu chifukwa cha kudutsa mtengo wachikaso wamtchire-peony P. lutea womwe unawonetsedwa pachithunzichi ndi mitundu ya Yaso-okina yochokera ku Japan.
Zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku gulu la Lemoine zimadziwika ndi maluwa omwe amatha mochedwa, fungo lokoma la ndimu komanso kukula kompositi. Pazaka 10, kutalika kwa chitsamba sikupitirira 100 cm.
Mpira Wobiriwira wa Peony (Lu Mu Ying Yu)
Pogwiritsa ntchito mwaluso mawonekedwe a mbewu, opanga aku China adapanga mitundu yomwe maluwa ake amayamba kupakidwa utoto wobiriwira, kenako mwadzidzidzi amakhala wobiriwira.
Ichi ndi mtengo wobiriwira wojambulidwa pachithunzichi, wokhala ndi maluwa obiriwira padziko lapansi omwe amapatsa mbewuyo dzina lachilendo komanso mawonekedwe osakumbukika. M'mabuku achi China, mitundu imatchedwa Lu Mu Ying Yu, Green Jade, kapena Green Jade. Chitsamba chotalika masentimita 150 mpaka 180 mu June, nthawi yamaluwa, chikuwoneka bwino kuchokera kumakona aliwonse amundawo.
Tree Peony Chan Liu
Mtundu wosowa koma wotchuka kwambiri wa Chun Liu kapena Spring Willow. Chomera chomwe sichodabwitsa ngati mpira wokhala ngati mitengo ya Peony Green. Osiyana mumtunda wowala ndi masamba obiriwira kapena achikasu. Pafupi ndi tsinde, amakongoletsedwa ndi zigawo za rasipiberi.
Mtengo wa Peony Dzuwa
Mtengo wa peony Sunrise wojambulidwa udapangidwa chifukwa cha zoyeserera za David Reath ku USA. Chomera chosakanizidwa chopangidwa kuchokera ku Peony Lutea chaka chilichonse chimakondweretsa eni maluŵa achikasu a pinki apawiri okhala ndi maluwa onenepa bwino komanso korona wachikasu.
Mtengo wofanana ndi peony Dzuwa kapena Kutuluka kwa Dzuwa kumaonetsera kukongoletsa kwakukulu m'malo opezeka dzuwa. Carineine pamalire a mandala achikasu otsekemera amatsindika kukongola kwa duwa.
Tree Peony Kinkaku
Mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, peony yamtengo wa Kinko ndi amodzi mwa malo odzilemekezedwa kwambiri. Chojambulidwa m'mabuku ena akunja ngati pichesi ya Kinkaku, chomera chake chimatulutsa maluwa okhwima ngati maluwa achikasu. Mtundu wonyezimira wa chikaso cha pamiyala umatsitsimutsidwa ndi malire ofewa, ngati madzi a carmine, kupangitsa kukhala kopanda tanthauzo. Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa olemera atapachikidwa pang'ono pamitanda yopyapyala ndikutsegulidwa kwakukulu koyambirira kwa Juni.
