Mitundu yoyamba ya phlox yokongoletsera malo obiriwira a ku Europe ndi mapaki m'zaka za zana la 18. Masiku ano, phlox, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera komwe oyamba kumene chilimwe amatha kuchita ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino zam'munda.
Nthawi zambiri m'mabedi amaluwa mumatha kuzindikira ma phloxes okhala ndi masamba okhala ndi masamba ndi zisoti zamaluwa osavuta kapena owirikiza kawiri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amatseguka theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Kwa zaka zingapo, osatha amakula, ndikupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Pankhaniyi, phlox saopa chisanu, chomera sichimawopa chilala ndipo chimakhutira ndi chisamaliro chochepa.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi mitundu yotsimikizika ya phlox yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malire, minda yamiyala, kutsogolo kwa mabedi ambiri ogulitsa maluwa. Amakhala odzikweza, ophulika motalika komanso zowala, mosavuta, ngati ma phlox omwe ali ndi nkhawa, kuchulukana ndipo ali osiyanasiyana motere amakulolani kuti muzindikire malingaliro a wozala.
Kodi njira yobzala phlox pansi, nthawi yobzala maluwa, ndi momwe mungasamalire mbewu?
Momwe mungabzalire phlox panja
Chifukwa cha kumera bwino kwa njere, kusinthasintha ndi kubzala kwa mbande, sizivuta "kusesa" maluwa okongola osatha. Ngati mukuyesetsa pang'ono, ma phloxes mutabzala pamalo otseguka ndi mbewu, kudula wobiriwira kapena mbali zina za chomera chachikulire posangalatsa masamba oyamba komanso maluwa ataliatali.
Kwa mitundu ya phlox yomwe ili ndi nkhawa komanso yosasunthika, madera otsatirawa amasankhidwa:
- padzuwa potetezedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa;
- ndi dothi lotayirira losaloleka acidity, bwino mpweya ndi madzi.
Mukamasankha malo a maluwa, muyenera kudziwa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso mu dzuwa lotentha imatha kuzimiririka, ndikumataya gawo lalikulu lokongoletsa. Zingakhale bwino ngati maola otentha kwambiri, mthunzi wowala utaphimba inflorescence kuchokera kutentha.
Tikukula phlox panja
Mu malo amodzi, phlox imakula kwambiri mpaka zaka 8-20. Kukhala ndi moyo wautali koteroko kumamasula wosamalira mavuto. Koma mbewu zimafooka pakapita nthawi, zikukula m'mphepete mwa nsalu yotchinga pakati pazovala.
Zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zilizonse, ma phloxes amabzalidwa, ndikugawa chitsamba chachikulire m'magawo.
Izi zitha kuchitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, chilimwe kapena pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira. Zowona, mbewuzo zikagulitsidwa posachedwa, sizikhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndipo sizikhala zochulukirapo. Izi ndikofunikira kuziganizira mukabzala phlox poyera ku Urals, ku Siberia ndi madera ena komwe kuzizira kwadzidzidzi komanso koyambira nyengo kumatha.
Malamulo ogawanitsa ndi kufalikira:
- Phlox yomwe idapangidwa kuti igawidwe ikumbidwa, kuyesera kuti isawononge ma rhizomes angapo mpaka 15-25 cm.
- Mphukira imadulidwa kutalika kwa 10-15 mamita kuchokera pansi.
- Kenako, ndi mpeni wakuthwa, gawani chitsamba muchigawo chilichonse kuti chilichonse chikhale ndi 2-5 kukula.
- Magawo amathandizidwa ndi ufa wa kaboni, pambuyo pake Delenki yobzalidwa m'malo omwe adawakonzera.
Pofuna kuthamangitsa kumangirira kwa chomera komanso kuti muchepetse kukonza zakunja, musanadzalemo ma phloxes, dothi limakonzedwa pasadakhale. Malowa amakumbidwa mpaka pa bayonet yathunthu, zomera zamasamba zimasankhidwa, feteleza wa mchere amamuyikira.
Kubzala maenje a phlox osatha kumapangidwa mu kugwa, ngati mbewuzo zigwera pansi m'nthaka. Zomera zanyengo yachilimwe ndi yophukira, dothi limakuliramo masabata osachepera 2-4 musanaziike. Zamoyo zatsopano zimatha kuwotcha mizu, ndiye manyowa ndi manyowa okha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. Maenje akadzazidwa, dothi limasungunuka ndikubzala mwatsopano. Zomera za phlox mutabzala m'nthaka ziyenera kukhala zakuya masentimita 2-3. Nthaka imapangidwa bwino, amathiridwanso ndikuwumbiriridwa.
Chimodzimodzinso, mukadula masamba obiriwira, idulani pomwe mphukira 15 cm imawoneka pa phlox mu Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa June. Zimayambira zimadulidwa kuti masamba awiri akhalebe pamtengowo. Masamba am'munsi amachotsedwa kudula, kumtunda kumadulidwa pakati. Kenako zinthu zodzala zimamizidwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 40-60.
Pambuyo pa izi, phlox ikhoza kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena nthawi yomweyo panja. Zidula zimayikidwa masentimita angapo. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-2, mizu imawonekera pazomera zatsopano, ndipo ma phloxes omwe amakhala okonzeka kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera amapititsidwa kumalo osatha.
Chisamaliro chakunja cha phlox mutabzala
Kusamalira phloxes osatha sikudzalemetsa nzika yazilimwe. Zomera zimafunika kuthirira, kusunga dothi loyeretsa komanso kuphatikiza umuna, zomwe zingathandize ma phlox kukula komanso kutulutsa bwino.
Mutabzala phlox mu masika, kuwuchotsa panthaka kumafunikiranso kuchotsa udzu ndi kumasula nthaka. Kupanda kutero, namsongole amatsekeka ndi mbande, ndipo kutumphuka kofinya sikulola kuti pakhale madzi ndi mpweya wabwino wokwanira.
Mvula ikangogwa chilimwe, palibe kuthirira kowonjezereka komwe kumafunikira. Miyezi yowuma ndi nkhani ina. Pankhaniyi, tchire limathiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, kwambiri, makamaka panthawi yamaluwa, kuyesera kuti musatenge mtima. Nthawi yabwino kuthirira phlox osatha ndi nthawi yamadzulo.
Popeza theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, ma phloxes nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew - imodzi mwa matenda omwe amatengedwa ndi bowa owopsa. Kuteteza phlox panja panja pakudwala, kupewa komanso ngati pakufunika kutero, chithandizo chamatchire cha fungicides chimaphatikizidwamo chisamaliro mutabzala.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika kumayambiriro komanso pakati pa chilimwe. Ngati izi sizithandiza, tchire ziyenera kudulidwa mwachidule ndi kukonzedwa kwamadzi kokhala ndi mkuwa.
Isanayambike nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zinyalala zam'mera pansi pa tchire, ndikuthira mbewuzo nokha ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena sulfate yamkuwa.
Ma phlox osatha amalolera bwino nyengo yachisanu, koma ngati palibe chipale chofewa, amatha kuzizira. Chifukwa chake, pakugwa, gawo la mlengalenga limadulidwa, ndipo tchire limakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa mulch kapena lapnik.
