Ambiri aife timakonda kuzungulira maluwa okongola m'nyumba. Komanso ndizovuta kulingalira kanyumba kanyengo kopanda zomera - zitsamba, mitengo, maluwa ndi mbewu zamasamba. Nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuwona momwe mbewu zambiri malangizo ndi m'mbali mwa masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikaso pazosadziwika.
Kukula mbewu sikophweka komanso nthawi yambiri. Zimafunikira chidziwitso china ndikugulitsa ntchito, nthawi. Vuto la masamba achikasu nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi oyambitsa maluwa.
Zomera zimasanduka zachikaso? Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chosasamalira maluwawo. M'malo mwake, chidwi cha masamba ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Tilankhula za iwo munkhani yathu.
Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zizindikiro
Nthawi zambiri, nyama zamkati zimamva osavutikira nyengo yozizira. Mpweya wamkati umakhala wouma, mulingo wa chinyezi umasokonekera. Zomera zamkati zimayankha mopweteka izi. Mtundu wowala kwambiri wa chilimwe, ikagwa mvula nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zovuta kuti maluwa azitha kusintha mwachangu m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chochepa. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, maluwa amayamba kupweteka. Izi zimawoneka ngati mawanga achikaso pamasamba, m'mphepete zachikasu ndi nsonga za masamba. Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani ndikuthandizira "abwenzi obiriwira"?
Zomera zomwe zimakonda kutentha zimakonda kupweteketsa mtima kuzizira. M'chilimwe, zowongolera mpweya zimagwira ntchito mzipinda zambiri, ndipo mawindo othandizira mpweya amatseguka. M'malo operekera ndege, pamakhala zolemba, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri zomera zotentha. Pankhaniyi, ndikwabwino kuchotsa maluwa kumbali ndikutchinjiriza ku mpweya wozizira.
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mbewu sizingasungidwe padzuwa mwachindunji, ndikofunika kuti izisungunula, chifukwa chake kuwotcha kumawoneka pamasamba mawonekedwe amtundu wachikaso. Maluwa amatha kuvutika komanso kuchokera pakuwala kosakwanira. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika m'masiku opanda mitambo, ozizira. Ngati ndi kotheka, ayenera kupanga zowunikira zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito phytolamp.
Kuthirira ndi matenda
Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amatha kuvutika ndi kuthirira kosayenera. Sikuti maluwa onse amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi. Kuchepetsa kwambiri kumangoyambitsa matenda. Pali mitundu yazomera yomwe imafunika kuthirira kochepa nthawi yozizira. Amakhala ndi matalala nthawi yozizira ndipo panthawiyi ndikofunika kupatula kuthirira.
Maluwa amkati amafunika kuwaza, koma si mitundu yonse ya maluwa motere. Pazifukwa izi, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi masamba achikasu pamasamba, zimasanduka chikaso ndikuuma. Zomera zina zamkati, m'malo mwake, kudwala chifukwa chosakwanira chinyezi. Amafunika kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi komanso zochulukirapo, ndipo ngati mulibe chinyezi, izi zimawonetsedwa ndi chidwi cha masamba. Zomera zamkati zimalimbikitsidwa kuthiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika, koma izi zimayiwalika, kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira ndi otenthedwa, omwe ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa maluwa.
Zomera zimafunikira michere ndipo zimazindikira kuchepa kwawo. Muyenera kuwerengera moyenera kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa. Pachifukwa ichi, maluwa amadwala ndi chlorosis, masamba awo amatembenukira chikaso chifukwa chosowa kapena owonjezera michere.
Choyambitsa matenda a mbewu Pali tizirombo tosiyanasiyana:
- nsabwe za m'masamba;
- kangaude;
- mphutsi zoyera;
- kuponya.
Matenda oyamba kwambiri omwe amakhudza mbewu ndi awa:
- anthracnose;
- Fusarium
- mochedwa vuto.
Chifukwa chiyani masamba a spathiphyllum amasanduka achikasu?
Izi zitha kuchitika pachifukwa chosavuta - duwa silidasinthidwe kwa nthawi yayitali, lakhala mumphika womwewo kwa nthawi yayitali. Poika mbewu, muyenera kupenda mizu yake mosamala. Mizu yathanzi iyenera kukhala ndi mizu ya kirimu yoyera, ngati ili ndi mtundu wakuda, liyenera kuchotsedwa ndipo okhawo athanzi ayenera kutsalira. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuchitira bwino mizu yabwino mu yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, ndi kuwaza magawo ndi phulusa la nkhuni.
Nthawi yakula, duwa limafunika kudyetsedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza wama maluwa ovuta ndi oyenera. Spathiphyllum iyenera kutsanulidwa nthawi zonse ndi madzi kapena mpweya wofewa kuchokera ku botolo lothira, chifukwa mbewuyo imafunikira mpweya wonyowa.
Duwa silimakonda dzuwa mwachindunji ndipo limawakomera. Ziphuphu zimawonekera m'masamba mawonekedwe amtundu wachikaso ndi zofiirira.
Kubowola masamba pamasamba kumatha kukhala chifukwa chachilengedwe pamene mbewuyo itatha maluwa. Ndikofunikira kumuthandiza kuti achire, kuchotsera okalamba ndi odwala. Komanso, masamba amatha kugwa pazifukwa zosavuta - mu spathiphyllum iyamba nthawi yopumira.
Tizilombo timakonda kupatsira masamba masamba; Amabaya masambawo ndikuyamwa timadziti kuchokera pamenepo, zomwe zimakhudza minyewa ya maluwa. Zotsatira zake, mawanga achikaso amapanga mawonekedwe ambiri.
Chifukwa chiyani maupangiri a tsamba la chikaso cha chikasu?
Chomera chobiriwira choterechi chatchuka kwambiri, chimakongoletsa nyumba zamkati. Chimodzi mwamavuto osamalidwa ndikusamalidwa kwamasamba. Malinga ndi akatswiri, mmera umafunika kutsatira malamulo aulimi. Masamba ake amdima amdima osasamalidwa bwino ayamba kutembenukira chikaso poyamba, kenako amatembenukira bulauni kapena lakuda.
Malangizo owuma tsamba amatha kukhala chifukwa cha kukalamba kwachilengedwe kwamphamvu ya zovuta zakumwa, chifukwa cha nyengo. Masamba ake amakhala pafupifupi khalani zaka 1,5-2, pambuyo pake zimasanduka zachikaso, zowuma ndi kuzimiririka. Kufa masamba akuyamba kuchokera pamwamba. Masamba otsika amakhala okhazikika, amafa pang'onopang'ono. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale malo abwino opanga ma dracaena pomwepo ndizosangalatsa ndi masamba ake okongola kwa nthawi yayitali.
Sakonda chinyezi chambiri, amafunika kuyatsa bwino komanso kutentha koyenera. Chomera sichimawoneka bwino ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino, chimakonda kuphatikiza kuyatsa. Pachifukwa ichi, masamba nthawi zambiri amayamba kutembenukira chikaso mu dracaena, kotero ayenera kuyang'aniridwa pakuwala koyenera. M'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kuti apange kuyatsa kwapadera ndi nyali yapadera. Tizilombo titha kuwoneka kuchokera ku dzuwa mwachindunji, mbewuyo sikonda dzuwa lotentha.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa dracaena ndi 18-25zaNdi, salekerera kutentha kapena kuzizira. Pansi pa izi, mmera umayamba kupweteka ndipo posakhalitsa umamwalira. Ndikwabwino osayika dacaena pawindo nthawi yotentha.
Dracaena amakula bwino ndi chinyezi chopitilira 60%. Iyenera kupopera nthawi zonse kuchokera kumfuti yothira ndi madzi ofunda komanso okhalamo. Mpweya wouma umapweteketsa Dracaena, motero ndikofunikira kuti iye akonze malo osamba.
Dracaena amakonda chinyezi chochepa komanso samayankha bwino ndikumwetsa. M'nyengo yotentha, mumafunika kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo nthawi yozizira kawiri pamwezi. Ndikofunika kumasula dothi lam'mwamba mumphika kuti muthandizire kutulutsa bwino.
Zomera zimakonda feteleza wa nayitrogeni, motero kuvala mwa apo ndi apo kofunikira, makamaka masiku opanda mitambo komanso ozizira. Muyeneranso kupanga feteleza wapadera, chifukwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nsonga za masamba adzasanduka achikaso. Nthawi ndi nthawi, ma dracaena amayenera kuikidwa kukhala "nyumba" yatsopano, ndikusintha gawo lapansi. Ngati itayang'aniridwa bwino, misa yochulukirapo imakhala yochulukirapo, yokhala ndi utoto wobiriwira. Kusakaniza kwakale kwadothi komwe kumatha kusokoneza chakudya chamagulu, monga mchere kumatha nthawi yayitali. Kuika kuyenera kuchitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse makamaka m'chaka.
Kusamalira komanso kusamalira moyenera zikuthandizira kuthetsa mavuto ambiri ndi maluwa akunyumba. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muziwunika momwe mbewu zam'nyumba zimathandizira ndikuthandizira pakapita nthawi, ndiye kuti zidzawunikira thanzi komanso kukongola kwachilengedwe.
