Momwe mungadyetsere mbatata mu kasupe Momwe mungadyetse nthaka musanabzala komanso mutakolola mbatata

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata m'chaka cha chilimwe ndi nthaka mu kugwa musanadzalemo

Zimakhala zovuta kulingalira za moyo wathu wopanda mbatata wokondedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kuphika kuli ponseponse, ndipo ma tubers amasiyanitsidwa ndikusunga bwino. M'pake kuti mbatata zimamera m'minda yonse. Ngakhale ngati sizotheka kugawa malo ofunika kubzala mbewu, zokolola zambiri zimatha kukolola kuchokera pamunda wawung'ono. Othandizira pankhaniyi amadya pafupipafupi. Tikukufotokozerani njira zingapo zothandiza.

Kodi feteleza kudyetsa mbatata ndi kangati?

Malinga ndi upangiri wa wamaluwa waluso, kuti muchite bwino, ndikokwanira kudyetsa mbatata katatu pachaka.

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata musanabzala

Kodi kudyetsa nthaka kugwa pansi mbatata kapena yomweyo isanayambike kubzala? Kukonzekera mbuto yobzala mbatata:

musanalime mu April mpaka ma 3 kg a nitroammophoski amwazika pa hekitala imodzi ya nthaka (osachepera masiku 7-10 asanabzalidwe),
momwe mungadyetsere mundawo mbatata pakugwagwiritsani ntchito nitroammophosk pakumwa - makilogalamu 4 pa lalikulu lalikulu.

Manyowa ovuta ali ndi zonse zofunika: nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Ngati dziko lapansi lili ndi manyowa, mbatata sizitha kudyetsanso kapena kudyetsa kamodzi maluwa.

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata mutabzala

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata mutabzala mu ngalande

Kudyetsa kumathanso kuphatikizidwa ndi kubzala m'maenje kapena m'maenje. Pambuyo pofalitsa mbatata, gwiritsani feteleza kuchokera pamayendedwe kupita ku 5-7 metres ya ngalande:

Chidebe 1 cha humus
70 magalamu a mafupa chakudya kapena supuni 1-2 nitrofoski

Chifukwa chake, mudzasungira zinthu zonse zofunika: nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, zofunikira pakukula, maluwa ndi zipatso za mbatata. Mukadzala, musapange urea kapena nitrate, imakhala yankhanza kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Ngati mukufuna kupanga phulusa ngati feteleza wa potash-phosphorous, liyenera kusakanizika ndi nthaka kuti pasalumikizane mwachindunji ndi zinthu zobzala.

Momwe mungadyetsere mbande za mbatata

Ngati nthawi yodzala simunaphatikiza manyowa, gwiritsani ntchito kudyetsa mbatata yoyamba mutabzala nthawi yakula masamba. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati zimayambira zofowoka, kutukuka bwino ndikuwonekera masamba masamba.

Momwe mungadyetsere mbatata mutamera kumera:

Kwa malita 10 amadzi timatenga 500 ml ya thovu loti kulowetsa kwa zitosi za mbalame kapena 1 lita imodzi yothira mullein, kutsanulira ndowa yankho kuchokera ku tchire la 4-6 kuchokera pakutuluka, ngati nthaka ili yonyowa, simungathe madzi ochokera kumwamba.
Komanso, pokhudzana ndi mbatata, kulowetsedwa kwazitsamba, wotchedwa nettle, kunatsimikizira bwino. Kuti mukonzekere, kuwaza mapesi ndi masamba achidule, kuphimba chidebe chachikulu 1/3 ndi masamba ndipo mudzaze m'mphepete ndi madzi. Muziganiza ndikulola kupesa kwa masiku 5-6. Ngati pali manyowa owola, onjezani pang'ono mumbale kuti muyere bwino. Sakanizaninso kusakaniza konkire, kenaka kuthira 1 lita imodzi yovala pamwamba pa chitsamba chilichonse, onetsetsani kuti mwathira madzi pamwamba.
Ngati palibe kanthu organic, gwiritsani ntchito urea kapena ammonium nitrate: kuwaza urea pang'ono kapena nitrate pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse (supuni ya tchire zinayi), kuphimba pansi ndikuthira mbatata pamwamba.

Momwe mungadyetsere mbatata nthawi yamaluwa

Pa budding chakudya chachiwiri chidzakhala chothandiza kwambiri:

Dzazani ndowa ya malita 10 ndi madzi, kuchepetsa supuni 1 ya potaziyamu sulfate ndi supuni 2-3 za phulusa. Potaziyamu sulfate itha kuthetsedwa kwathunthu, ndiye kuti phulusa lamatabwa likufunika chikho chimodzi (kunena phulusa kwa masiku awiri).
Njira ina: 20-25 g ya kalimagnesia imadzidulira mu 10 l lamadzi ndikumapopera masamba.

Pa maluwa, ikani chovala chachitatu chapamwamba imathandizira mapangidwe a tubers:

Mumtsuko wamadzi wolemera malita 10, timathira 1 lita imodzi ya kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena 0,5 lita imodzi yophika nkhuku ndi supuni ziwiri za superphosphate. Zamoyo zitha kusinthidwa ndi urea (pokhapokha dothi silikhala ndi acidic) - 1 tbsp; saltpeter wokhala ndi superphosphate sungasakanizidwe. Thirani malita 0,5 amadzimadzi pansi pa chomera chilichonse.

Chonde dziwani kuti kuvala pamizu yapamwamba kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zoyambirira kapena kuthirira kwamtsogolo.

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata ngati masamba akutembenukira chikasu kapena kupindika

Amakhulupirira kuti kudyetsa kuyenera kukhala feteleza yemwe mbatata ikufunikira. Maonekedwe a chomera akuneneratu za kusowa kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena chinthu china:

Ndikusowa kwa nayitrogeni, masamba ndi zimayambira zimakula bwino, kutembenukira chikasu.
Tchire limawoneka ngati losalala, ndipo zimayambira zimatambasuka kumakona akumanja - ndikofunikira kudyetsa phosphorous.
Ndikusowa kwa potaziyamu, tsamba limasanjika m'mphepete ndikuwuma, mawonekedwe amkuwa ndi makwinya amawoneka ponse pamasamba.
Mizu yake ndi yaying'ono, ndipo nsonga zake ndizazikulu - mbatata "imangokhala" chifukwa dothi limadzala ndi nayitrogeni. Ndikofunikira kupanga feteleza wa potaziyamu.

Zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa zikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa umuna. Kubzala mbatata kumatha kuyikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga tafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yomwe ili pamwambapa komanso pansipa.

Momwe mungadyetsere mbatata ndi mavalidwe amadzimadzi apamwamba

Kuti muchite chilichonse mopindulitsa kwambiri, mu timanjira tating'ono komanso mozungulira tchire ndi wowaza, dulani ma grooves. Mosamala thirani mchere wa njirayi, kupewa madzi pamasamba. Mukatha kuvala pamwamba, kuwaza mizere ndi dothi. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha komanso nthaka ndi youma kwambiri, kuti mumalize bwino umuna, thirirani mbewuzo ndi madzi oyera.

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata zoyambira

Mbatata zoyambilira siziyenera kudyetsedwa mokwanira ndi nayitrogeni. Ngati dothi latha kapena pafupifupi chonde, nthawi yake izikhala yokwanira kuvala ma 2-3 ndi yankho la mullein kulowetsedwa kapena feteleza wa mchere.

Mvula ikakwanira, ndikololedwa kubwezeretsa zovala zamadzimadzi ndi zouma. Izi zitha kukhala zouma nkhuku (pafupifupi 7 g pa 1 m²), phulusa la nkhuni (theka lagalasi pach chitsamba), zida za feteleza wa mchere (mulingo wotsatira malangizo). Mutha kupukuta nthaka ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse.

Finyani feteleza mozungulira tchire mtunda wa 5-6 masentimita kuchokera pa tsinde ndikubzala m'nthaka.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza kuvala pamwamba ndikutulutsa mbatata kapena kumasula dothi:

Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba (nitrate, urea, thovu ndi zinthu zokhala ndi organic) chimachitika pambuyo pa kutuluka, kuphatikiza ndi kumasula.
Pakatha pafupifupi masiku 14, muyenera kusintha masitepe - iyi ndi nthawi yabwino yachiwiri yovalira (feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous: 1 tbsp superphosphate 2 tbsp + mchere wa potaziyamu 1 tbsp kapena phulusa la nkhuni - 1 chikho pa lalikulu mita.

Momwe mungadyetse mbatata za kukula kwa tuber

Kuti muthe kukolola zochuluka za ma tubers akuluakulu, muyenera kusamala ndi feteleza ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Kuchokera ku nitrogen yambiri, tchire "lidzalemera", i.e. m'malo mwa tubers, nsonga zikukula mwachangu. Kuthandizira kukula kwa ma tubers kumathandizidwa ndi kuphatikiza feteleza wa potash ndi phosphorous, yemwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito patangotha maluwa.

Potaziyamu-phosphorous kuvala pamwamba pamizu:

Phulusa la nkhuni ndi gwero la potaziyamu;
Ngati mukufuna, gwiritsani feteleza wa mineral: kwa 1 m² wa nthaka mufunika supuni ya potaziyamu ndi supuni ziwiri za superphosphate - iyi ndi ma tchire anayi. Tsekani feteleza mu nthaka osayandikira 5-7 cm kuchokera ku zimayambira ndikuthira madzi pamwamba.

Mavalidwe abwino apamwamba a mbatata ndi boron pakukula kwa tubers lalikulu

Njala ya Boron imatsogolera kukukuta ndi kukuta kwa ma tubers okhala ndi mawonekedwe oyipa, kotero ngati vutoli limadziwonekera patsamba lanu chaka ndi chaka, onetsetsani kuti mumadyetsa mbatata ndi boric acid.

Kuti muthane ndi zipatso, finyani mbatata ndi njira ya boric acid ndi urea pa nthawi yophukira. Ngati mudadyetsedwa kale ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni, dyetsani kokha boric acid.

Kwa malita 100 amadzi mufunika 60 g ya boric acid (matumba akulu atatu) ndi 170 g wa urea (supuni 10).
Boric acid imayamba kusungunulidwa m'madzi otentha pang'ono, kenako ndikuthiridwa mu yankho wamba.
Pambuyo posakaniza boric acid ndi urea ndi madzi, kutsanulira njira yogwira ntchito mu botolo lothira ndikuwachitira masamba.
Chidebe chimodzi cha yankho lotere ndikokwanira masikweya mita 10 ofikira.
Mavalidwe apamwamba a mbatata ayenera kuchitika mu gawo loyamba la Julayi.

Monga mukuwonera, kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zabwino, pamafunika khama pang'ono.