Bowa ndi ufumu wosiyana wa mbewu zam'munda, kuphatikiza osati mawonekedwe a mbewu, komanso nyama. Pali oimira ambiri, omwe ambiri amadya ngati chakudya. Bowa wa Shiitake - fanizo labwino lomwe limatchuka chimodzimodzi ngati champignons.
Werengani nkhani iyi: Msuzi Wouma Wouma Msuzi!
Kufotokozera
Shiitake ndi bowa wa agaric wamtundu wa banja la Negniuchnikovye. Amatchulidwanso shiitake, xiang gu, ndipo anthu amangowatcha bowa wakuda. Kwawo ndi China. Koma shiitake imalimidwa kwambiri ku Southeast Asia. Monga lamulo, imamera pam mitengo ya beech.
Mutha kudziwa bowa mwa maonekedwe: chipewa cha bulauni ndi mainchesi 5-25, ndipo kamvekedwe kake kamasintha kuchoka pakuwala kupita kumdima. M'mphepete mwake mthunziwo ndi wopepuka ndipo pali poko. Pamaso pake panali chipewa chofiirira.
Bowa zamkati ndi mbale zoyera. Wotsirizira, tikapanikizika, pezani tinsalu. Mkati mwa mwendo ndi wowuma, komanso utoto loyera, womwe umadetsedwa ndikakanikizidwa.
Kulawa, bowa wa ku China wotchedwa shiitake amafanana ndi champignons.
Kupanga kwamankhwala
Kupanga kwa bowa wakuda ndikwapadera, chifukwa mumakhala ma amino acid, ma polysaccharides, bowa wosasunthika, mafuta acids, zinthu zina zam'mimba monga chitsulo, manganese, phosphorous, potaziyamu, mkuwa, nickel, magnesium, calcium, zinc, selenium, sodium, polysaccharide lentinan (imakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira), mavitamini osiyanasiyana A, B (1, 5-6, 9, 12), E, D, D, PP.
Bowa wa Shiitake amakhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zochepa zama calorie, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kuphatikizidwa muzakudya za iwo omwe akufuna kuchepetsa kulemera kwawo.
Pindulani
Ponena za katundu wopindulitsa, bowa ali ndi zambiri zake. Ndipo zikomo zonse chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa vitamini-wathanzi. Chifukwa chake, bowa:
- Amathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi, thupi limakana matenda;
- kulimbana ndi matenda ashuga komanso zovuta pambuyo pake;
- amalimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwamphamvu kwa mafuta;
- imalepheretsa kuchitika kwa magazi;
- bwino zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito;
- amatenga nawo mbali popanga interferon;
- mu maphunziro angapo, asayansi adapeza kuti bowa amatha kuletsa khansa, ndikuthana ndi maselo ake omwe alipo;
- amachepetsa kuopsa kwa stroko, mtima, matenda amtima;
- amachotsa poizoni m'thupi;
- amachepetsa cholesterol ndende ndi osachepera 10%;
- imalimbitsa dongosolo lamanjenje ndikusangalatsa ntchito yake;
- bwino imachepetsa matenda a virus ngakhale pa gawo la chitukuko.
Zowopsa
Ngakhale amapindula kwambiri, bowa wa shiitake amatha kukhala ovulaza, makamaka ndi voliyumu yosalamulirika. Osanenapo za kuwonekera kwa thupi lomwe siligwirizana.
Ma bowa ali ndi chitin - ambiri amakhala owopsa.
Sizoletsedwa kudya bowa:
- ana mpaka azaka zapakati pa 12-14, chifukwa bowa ndi wolemera kwambiri m'mimba mwawo komanso ovuta kugaya;
- anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu ya bronchial;
- anthu osalolera payekhapayekha;
- azimayi pa nthawi yobereka ndi mkaka wa m`mawere.
Muyeneranso kusamala mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mankhwalawa ndi zowonjezera zochokera ku shiitake. Osatengera cholinga chomwe mumawagwiritsira ntchito, chithandizo kapena prophylaxis, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Kukula
Mwachilengedwe, bowa amakula makamaka pamitengo ya beech. Koma momwe mungakulire bowa wa shiitake kunyumba? Pali njira ziwiri.
Njira yowonjezera
Shiitake mycelium "ibzalidwe" pamtengo (1-1.5m * 0-15 cm), komanso pa stumps (35-40 cm * 20-25 cm kutalika ndi mainchesi).
Ndi mitengo yokhayo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pambuyo poti kudula komwe kwadutsa miyezi pafupifupi 2-3.
Musanadzalemo mycelium, nkhuni, ngati ndi kotheka, iyenera kunyowa m'madzi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti chinyezi chake chikhale 40%. Kenako pobowola mabowo mtunda wa 20-30 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake ndi kukula kwa 10-15 mm / 4-6 cm (m'lifupi * kuya). Pakati pa mizere mtunda ndi 7-12 cm.
Mycelium pa njere imathiridwa m'mabowo omwe amapezeka ndikutikola ndi mitundu yaminda kapena yokutidwa ndi cork. Mitengo ikasinthidwa kupita kuchipinda chotetezedwa, chimakutidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi chinyezi ndipo, ndikupanga nyengo yabwino (15-20 ° C), zimadikirira "mphukira". Tiphimba tating'onoting'ono ndikuyang'ana ndipo chipikacho chimapanga mawu osamveka mukapukutidwa, mitengo yomwe ili ndi mycelium imatengedwera kumalo otseguka komwe kuli chinyezi lapansi, palibe zolemba ndi dzuwa.
Nthaka imatha kubereka zipatso kwa zaka 5-8. Njira yakukula ukutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzipinda zamkati, koma pokhapokha ngati chinyezi mkati mwake ndichoposa 85%. Mbewu yayikulu imapezeka ndi "kubzala" beech kapena oak.
Njira yolimba
Njira yakukula iyi shiitake imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito "gawo lapansi" lopangidwa ndi 60-90% ya tchipisi ta nkhuni, utuchi, tchipisi tating'ono. Zothandiza zina zotsalira: mankhusu, udzu, zina zapamwamba za mchere.
Mphesa zimabzalidwa powerengetsa 2-5 kg / 100 kg ya gawo lapansi. Mukakulitsa shiitake, musanathenso kuphuka, ma CDwo azichotsa kwathunthu, chifukwa ndizosatheka kudziwa komwe bowa wamera.
Kuti tithandizire kukula kwa bowa wakuda, malo omwe ali ndi mycelium amayenera "kutsukidwa" kapena kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yofunikira kuti bowa lipangidwe ndi masiku 5-7. Mutha kukolola mwezi uliwonse. Malo oterewa "amagwira" miyezi 3-5 okha.
Momwe Mungaphikitsire Mushrooms Cook
Bowa wa Shiitake ndi gawo lodziwika bwino la zakudya zakum'mawa. Chipewa chimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya, chifukwa ndicofewa kwambiri kuposa miyendo. Supu, makeke, zakumwa, soseji, komanso zakudya zophikira bwino amaziphika ndi. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ku Japan yogati yokhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri imakonzedwa kuchokera ku bowa wakuda.
Bowa ndiwotchuka chifukwa chokhoza "kutenga" kukoma kwazinthu zina za mbale, osazisokoneza. Shiitake amathanso kudyedwa yaiwisi, koma, monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, anthu ambiri sakonda kukoma kwake.
Pali zosankha zambiri zophika shiitake bowa. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatentha kwambiri mpaka mphindi 10. Mukaphika, amakhala okonzeka mumphindi 3-4 (kuchuluka kwa 0,2 l lamadzi amodzi bowa lililonse). Ponena za kutumizirana, kwatsala pang'ono - theka la ola.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito toyesa ndi chipewa osapitilira 5 cm otseguka pa 70%, okhala ndi utoto wamtundu wakuda ndi mawonekedwe velvety.
Njira yosavuta yophika ndikuphika bowa wotsukidwa mumafuta a masamba ndikusintha kosalekeza. Madzi onse akasefukira, bowa amakhala wokonzeka ndikuyamba kununkha. Maamondi, anyezi, walnuts ndi zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana zimawonjezedwa. Shiitake imayenda bwino ndi udon, masamba, mpunga ndi Zakudyazi zaku Asia, nyama iliyonse, nsomba zam'madzi, mpunga, nsomba, pasitala, masoseya osiyanasiyana.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito bowa wowuma wa shiitake, uyenera kuyamba wonyowetsedwa kuti ubwezeretse, kenako ndikufinya, kudula zidutswa ndikuphika mwachizolowezi.
Dziko la bowa silimangokhala kwa bowa ndi bowa wa oyisitara. Shiitake mwina sangakhale ozolowera ambiri, koma amapanga mbale zokoma kwambiri. Yesani, mudzakonda!
