Ngati dera laling'onoting'ono ndi laling'ono, peyala yooneka ngati chipilala imakhala chokongoletsera ndikupangira zipatso zokhathamira. Mitengo yosankhidwa ndi M.V. Kachalkin ndi mitengo yaying'ono yofanana ndi mitengo ya apulo. Dzinalo lidadziwana ndi peyala. Mitengo imafalitsidwa ndikumalumikiza pamatangadza olimba nthawi yozizira - quince ndi irgu. Koma mutha kumera mtengo.
Kutanthauzira kwa Peyala ya Dwarf
Mtengo wotsika mtengo umayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kupulumuka kwabwino, m'malo mophweka kusiya. Mtengo wobzalidwa mmera umayamba kubala zipatso mchaka chachiwiri. M'chaka choyamba, peyala yooneka ngati zipatso imapereka zipatso zokolola 3 mpaka 3 zipatso zazikulu. Mitundu yonse yakuchepa kwamadzi ndi yolimba nthawi yozizira komanso yosasilira nthaka.
Mitengo ina imakula mamita 2.5, yambiri mizati imakula mpaka 1.5 metre, koma yosanjidwa ndi zipatso. Mapeyala akuwoneka kuti adamamatira pamtengo. M'malo mwake, amamangidwa panthambi zazing'ono. Crohn siinapangidwe.
Ubwino:
- kunyansidwa;
- zokolola;
- kukana zinthu zoyipa;
- kuphatikiza;
- zokolola zambiri.
Mtengowu umafuna kudulira pafupipafupi, kutsirira kokwanira, kuvala pamwamba pa peyala yachikulire.
Mtengowo umamvekera bwino m'malo opanikizika, kokha ngati kumpoto sikunapangitse kuti uderere. Zomera zabwino zobzala ndi mbande zopangidwa mwaluso za kanjedza zomwe zimagulidwa ku nazale.
Zomera zimafalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa kobiriwira. Mmera wobzala kuchokera ku mbewu uyenera kubzalidwa, apo ayi masewera amtchire amakula.
Mitundu yamapiri ocheperako ndi ochepa, koma ndi osiyanasiyana. Mapeyala owoneka ngati colon amisamba yosiyanasiyana yopanga amaperekedwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, ndi moyo waufupi, wokhala ndi nthawi yozizira, kupeza kukoma pakama. Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano ndi njira zonse zosungira.
Komabe, mbalame zazing'ono sizikhala nthawi yayitali. Kubala kumatha kukhala zaka 7-15. Kutalika kwa nthawi yamalonda kumakhudzidwa ndi zomwe adamangidwa.
Kubzala komanso kukula kwa zoperewera
Mbewu za peyala zimabzalidwa masika, dzenje lomwe limakonzedwa kuyambira nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yomweyo, pakugwa, dziko lapansi limangokulitsidwa kokha ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Dzenjelo limakhala lakuya masentimita 50, mtunda pakati pa mitengo ndi 1 - 1.5 m. Chidebe chamadzi chimathiridwa mu zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi yachisanu. Peyala imabzalidwa pamiyala yosaloledwa, kuwongola mizu. Kuwaza ndi mchenga, pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi granular superphosphate. Mpaka mtengo utazika mizu, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira. Malo scion pansi sanayikidwe.
Pakhale pali nthaka yopatsa thanzi pafupi ndi mizu, ndipo mchenga ndi ufa wokha. Kuthirira mtengo wachinyamata ndikofunikira mwadongosolo.
Kubzala kosavuta kwa kanjere kameneka ndikuwasamalira kumapangitsa chomera kukhala chokondedwa m'minda yambiri ya m'chigawo cha Moscow. Ngati maluwa awoneka mchaka chodzala, ayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kuti mphamvu zonse zimawongoleredwa kuti zikule ndi mizu. Siyani zipatso zochepa chaka chamawa. M'chaka chachitatu, mzerewu udzapereka zokolola zonse.
Kudulira kwamiyendo ya peyala kumafunika pachaka chilichonse. Koma mwakuya kwambiri podulira, ndiye kuti mphukira zachichepere zimawonekera. Kutanthauza kuti kufupikitsa nthambi zam'mphepete kwa impso yachiwiri. Amakonda mtengo wopatsa zipatso, feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi michere. Masamu abwino ndi nkhuku zatsopano, koma m'chigawo choyamba cha chilimwe.
Kudyetsa katatu ndi urea ndichithandizo cha peyala yoboola pakati. Nthawi yoyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kwamkati mobwerezabwereza kumabwerezedwanso maulendo ena awiri ndikusintha kwa masabata awiri.
Mapeyala atayamba kukula pang'ono, ndiye kuti mtengowo umadzaza ndi zokolola. Nyengo yotsatira muyenera kupanga malamulo kuti musadzaze mtengo.
Kukonzekera kwa peyala yotsogola yozizira kumafunikira, ngakhale kuti nyengo yonse yachisanu imakhala yolimba pafupifupi mitundu yonse. Zokhazikika kwambiri zimasunga zipatso kuti zisazizire kuzizira kwa -25 C. Koma ku Dera la Moscow kutentha kumachepera, ndipo mitengo yaying'ono siyolimba.
Chitetezo chimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zowuma:
- lapnik;
- udzu;
- utuchi;
- geotextile wopanda ulusi.
Lapisi yolimba yolumikizidwa m'munsi imakhala chitetezo ku mbewa ndi mavu. Chowongolera bwino kwambiri ndichikhala chipale chofewa.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamapichesi m'matawuni
Onani chithunzi cha peyala yooneka ngati chipilala - chomera chokongoletsera chosazolowereka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma hedge komanso kapangidwe ka zinthu zakunja. Popeza kuti mapeyala achilengedwe osangalatsa akusangalatsa m'maso kuyambira Julayi mpaka pakati pa Seputembala, ndizovuta kusiya dimba lomweli. Kusankha mitundu moyenera kumathandizira kuti pakhale ngale yoyendera.
Magawo a nyengo yozizira amaphatikizapo omwe amapsa kuyambira Novembala mpaka Januware ndipo amasungidwa nthawi yonse yozizira. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu Dalikor, Sapphire G1, G3 Yakovleva amakonda kwambiri.
Mapeyala omwe amakolola mu Ogasiti komanso kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala amasungidwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Amakhala okoma, amatha madzi. Chitsanzo cha mitundu yotereyi ndi: Autumn Loto, Chisoni, Kukongoletsa. Mu Ogasiti, mutha kusangalala ndi ngale ya g322. Zosiyanasiyana ndizodzilimbitsa, osadzichiritsa. Zipatso za utoto wachikasu, nthawi zina zimasokonekera mozungulira thunthu kwathunthu. Mutha kusungitsa zokolola sabata limodzi. Kulemera kwa peyala imodzi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 200. Kalasi G333 imayimira kale mtundu wa yophukira wokhala ndi kukoma kopambana.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, mutha kulawa mapeyala a Columbar, kalasi G5, Uchi. Zipatso zimafika 300 g ndipo ndizokoma kwambiri. Peyala ya Honey, yomwe idaberekera mu 1964 ndi obereketsa ku Soviet, ikuchitika modabwitsa. Zipatso 290 - 540 g wokhala ndi zamkati zotsekemera zalandira ma point a 4.92 pamiyeso isanu. Zimauma hardiness ndipamwamba pafupifupi. Kupanga kuli mpaka 110 kg kuchokera pamtengo umodzi. Uchi wa Peyala sugwirizana ndi matenda akuluakulu, ndipo zipatso zimapitilira mpaka mwezi wa February. Zosiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikulidwe m'matawuni.
Mitundu yonse ya peyala yooneka ngati chipilala ku Chigawo cha Moscow ilingaliridwa, zipatso zake ndizapamwamba kwambiri kuposa mtengo waukulu womwe umamera, poganizira malo omwe anthu amakhala. Koma kusamalira mitengo yaying'ono, kuiteteza ku chisanu ndikosavuta. Zoti peyala yocheperachepera imayamba kukhala zipatso zosachedwa bwino zimachepetsa kusakhalapo kwa mitengo yochepa. Mutha kuyembekezera mwachangu mbeu yambewu, ndikugawana ndi mtengo wakale.
Kwa minda yazipatso zamalonda, Carmen ndi yabwino. Pa hekitala imodzi imakwanira pafupifupi mbeu ziwiri. Zipatso za gramu 300 zofiira zimagulitsidwa ngati makeke otentha. Ndipo peyala yokongoletsayo imakhala ndi zipatso zachikasu zonunkhira bwino kwa duwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakana kwambiri ndi matenda akuluakulu, zimalekerera nyengo ya Moscow.
