Bowiea ndi m'modzi mwa oimira ambiri a banja la hyacinth. Chomera chambiri ichi chimapezeka mwachilengedwe madera achipululu a Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Mwachilengedwe, malo omwe amakonda kulimapo malo a bovia ndi malo omwe ali m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, pansi pa mitengo kapena mitengo.
Beauvais ili ndi mayina ena ambiri osangalatsa. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amatchedwa nkhaka ya kunyanja kapena babu la zokwawa, nkhaka yokwera. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndi kukongola konse kwa mawonekedwe, mbewu iyi ndiyopatsa poizoni. Madzi ake amakhala ndi glycosides, amadziwika ndi mtima wamphamvu.
Mwanjira yake, bovia imayimiriridwa ndi mtundu umodzi wokha - bovia curly. Chomera chambiri ichi ndi cha oimira udzu. Chipilala chambiri m'mimba mwake chimatha kufika 30 cm, mizu yake ndi yayikulu, nthambi. Babu yeniyeniyo imakutidwa ndi mamba yomwe imateteza kuti isawonongeke, mtundu wobiriwira wobiliwira. Maonekedwe akomedwa. Zimayambira ndizokwawa, zimatha kupindika mosakhalitsa kapena kupendekera pansi ngati chomera cha ampel, kutalika. Masamba ndi ang'onoang'ono ndipo amakula mwa achinyamata a bovia. Pakutha kwa nyengo, masamba amasinthidwa ndi ma peduncle. Mukaswa mphukira, ndiye kuti pamalo ophulika mutha kuwona mnofu wa mucous, wofanana ndi mnofu wa nkhaka.
Phula limakhala lotalikirapo - pafupifupi 3 m, m'lifupi mwake - pafupifupi 5 mm. Maluwa osawoneka bwino, oyera ndi amtambo wachikasu.
Bovia imadziwika ndi nthawi yayitali yopumula, yomwe imatha mpaka miyezi 6. Pakadali pano, gawo lonse la chomera limawuma ndi kufa. Mababu okha ndi amoyo. Phula ndi mphukira za bovia zimakhala ndi kutalika kotalika, chifukwa chake mukakulitsa kunyumba, mbewuyo imafunika mitengo yake.
Ngakhale munthawi yachilengedwe, zidadziwika kuti nthawi iliyonse ya bovie imakhala ndi nthawi yake yogwira ntchito komanso yopumira. Mukamakulitsa mbewu kunyumba, nthawiizi zimasintha komanso kusintha kwa kutentha.
Bovie amasamalira kunyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Boviye amafunikira nyali yowala. Kuwombedwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa pamitengo kudzawatsogolera kuti afe. Komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji kumavulaza mababu a mbewu. Kuwala kolakwika kumabweretsa chisokonezo pakusintha kwa nyengo za kukula ndi kuphuka kwa chomera.
Kutentha
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kutentha kozungulira sikuyenera kukhala komwe kuli madigiri 20-25. M'misika yapamwamba, bovia idzaleka kukula ndikukula. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu imasungidwa madigiri 10-15. M'nyengo yozizira, bovia ili m'nthawi yokhala chete, kotero kuthirira kumayima kwathunthu. Mukasunga bovine nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa madigiri 18 mpaka 22, ndiye kuti nthawi yopumulayo sidzabwera, mbewuyo simataya gawo lakumwambalo.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Boviya imalekerera bwino mpweya wowuma wamkati ndipo safunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo kapena chinyezi chachikulu.
Kuthirira
Panthawi yogwira komanso kukula, kuthirira kumachitika pokhapokha nthaka mumphika itakhala chouma kwathunthu. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, mbewuyo ikagwa mlengalenga, kuthirira kumayima kwathunthu. Chapakatikati, ndikubwera kwa mphukira zatsopano komanso kudzutsidwa, kuthirira mbewu kumapangidwanso m'njira zazing'ono kudzera thireyi. Mukathirira pamwamba, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chinyontho sichikulowa mababu.
Dothi
Dothi lodzala bovie liyenera kukhala lotayirira komanso lonyowa- komanso lopumira. Mababu amakwiriridwa pansi ndi pafupifupi wachitatu. Ma osakaniza obzala atha kugulidwa kapena kukonzedwa mosadalira chiyerekezo cha magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba, gawo limodzi la malo owoneka ndi gawo limodzi ndi mchenga. Kuonetsetsa kuti mababu a chomera sawola pansi pamphika, ikani chosanjikiza.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Boviya amatanthauza mtundu wa mbewu zomwe sizikufunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Zikhala zokwanira kupanga feteleza katatu kwa nyengo yonse yogwira. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza wachilengedwe chonse ndi woyenera.
Thirani
Beauvais amafunika kumuyika pokhapokha ngati mabatani a mbewuyo atadzaza mphika. Chidebe chatsopano cha bovie chikuyenera kukhala chachikulu kwambiri kuposa anyezi wake.
Kufalikira kwa Bovieia
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira bovia: mbewu, ana, ndi ma anyezi flakes.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Mbeu zakucha za bovia zakuda, zosalala komanso zonyezimira. Kutalika kwake kuli pafupifupi 2-4 mm. Kusankha njira yobala, muyenera kuganizira kuti mbewuyo imakula pang'onopang'ono. Pakubzala mbewu, mumafunikira wowonjezera kutentha pang'ono wowunikira bwino, wotentha pang'ono. Mbewu zofesedwa kumapeto kwa Januware. Asanabzike, njere ziyenera kusungidwa kwa mphindi 10 m'njira yofooka ya potaziyamu. Mbewu zonyowetsedwa zibzalidwe mumchenga wonyowa, sizoyenera kuzama mozama (wosanjikiza mchenga pamwamba sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa m'mimba mwake mwa mbewu).
Wowonjezera kutentha wotere amayenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse ndikuwongolera. Kutentha kwa zake ndi madigiri 20 mpaka 22. Mphukira yochokera pa mbewu iliyonse imayesedwa ngati mphukira imodzi. Mbeuyo ikamera kuchokera pamwamba, imayenera kugwa yokha. Ngati mumachotsa pasadakhale, ndiye kuti mphukira ilibe nthawi kuti isankhe michere yonse ya mbeu. Poterepa, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa. Njira yakukula kwa mphukira ya bovie ndi motere: woyamba mphukira imayamba, ndipo ikafika kutalika pafupifupi 12-15 cm, babu limayamba kukulira. Maluwa oyambirira a bovia omwe adachokera ku mbewu amatha kuwonedwa mchaka chachiwiri chamoyo chomera.
Kubalana ana
Babu wamkulu wa bovie amayamba kugawanika pamene akukula. Pansi pamiyeso ya amayi, mababu aakazi amatumphuka, omwe amatha kusiyanitsidwa bwino kuti mulime wina.
Kubalana anyezi flakes
Pakukonzekera kwa bovia ndi mamba ochulukirapo, amalekanitsidwa ndi babu wamkulu. Thumba lililonse limaduladula pafupi masentimita 3. Kenako, liyenera kuyanikiridwa ndi kutentha kwa firiji. Pukutirani tinthu tating'onoting'ono thumba la pulasitiki kapena malo panthaka yonyowa. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mababu ang'onoang'ono amawonekera, ndipo patatha miyezi ina iwiri, amazika ngati chomera chodziimira pawokha. Thukuta la anyezi lokha likhala louma nthawi imeneyo.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Boviya m malo mchipinda nthawi zambiri samakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda (fungal kapena viral). Koma ndikathirira kwambiri, mbewuyo imatha kusokonezeka ndi zowola zosiyanasiyana. Izi zili choncho makamaka mababu ake.
Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi
Nthawi iliyonse chinyengo chomera chiyenera kuchitidwa motsatira kusamala konse. Gawo lirilonse la bovia, kuyambira pa bulb mpaka kumapeto ndi masamba, ndilopanda poizoni. Poizoniyo amawononga dongosolo la mtima. Polumikizana ndi khungu kumayambitsa kukwiya kwambiri. Poizoni ulowa m'thupi, munthu amakhala ndi zizindikiritso monga kusanza ndi mseru, m'mimba, komanso kupweteka m'mimba. Kukoka kwake kumachepera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunsa dokotala komanso zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni pakayamba kuwonekera. Sizoletsedwa kugwira ntchito ndi chomera popanda kugwiritsa ntchito magolovu!
