Miltonia (Miltonia) ndi chomera chamuyaya cha banja la Orchid. Malo omwe miltonia adachokera ku Central ndi Southern Brazil. Mbiri yakomwe dzina la chomera ndilosangalatsa. M'zaka za zana la 19, Viscount Adlagen Milton amakhala ku England, yemwe adadziwikanso chifukwa cha zokonda zake - kutola ndi kutulutsa maluwa.
Miltonia ndi orchid womvera chisoni, wopangidwa ndi ma pseudobulbs pafupifupi 7-8 masentimita ndipo osapitirira 4-5 cm. Masamba amabiriwira obiriwira ndi mtundu wotuwa, wokhala ndi lamba. Kutalika kwa tsamba lililonse kumasiyana kuchokera pa masentimita 35 mpaka 40. Maluwawo amakhala pamizere yayitali yomwe imamera kuchokera pamaluwa. Mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yake, kuphatikiza maluwa, ndizodabwitsa. Maluwa akuluakulu okwanira mulifupi mwake pafupifupi 10-12 cm amatha kukhala oyera, ofiira, otuwa.
Miltonia amasamalira kunyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Miltonia ikhoza kumera bwino ponse ponse ngati yowala komanso yowala. Komabe duwa ndilofunika kuteteza mbewu kuti isayikidwe padzuwa. Kuti izi zitheke, miltonia iyenera kuti imasungidwe dzuwa kuchokera ku dzuwa. Ngati muyeso wa miltonia wasankhidwa bwino, ndiye kuti masambawo apeza utoto wa pinki.
Kutentha
Miltonia amakonda kukhala m'zipinda zofunda. M'chilimwe - kutentha kwambiri osaposa madigiri 16-20, nthawi yozizira imakhala momasuka madigiri 15-18. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakusintha kwa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku sikungololedwa. Mtengo wokwanira ndi madigiri 3-4. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo sikhala pachimake ndipo ingafe. Miltonia amayenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula, koma chipindacho chiyenera kukhala chotseguka tsiku lililonse.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Miltonia amakula bwino ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ake pamlingo wokwanira mpweya chinyezi - pafupifupi 60-80%. Pakakhala chinyezi chochepa, maluwawo ayamba kuwuma ndikugwa. Chinyezi chikuyenera kukula molingana ndi kutentha. Kuti musunge chinyezi chofunikira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chinyontho kapena zotungira madzi zomwe zili pafupi ndi chomeracho. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kusasunthika kwa mpweya wonyowa m'chipindacho popanda airing kumabweretsa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi mbewa pachomera.
Kuthirira
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, miltonia ili mu gawo la ntchito yolimba ndi maluwa, kotero kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kokwanira pamene nthaka imuma. Ndikosatheka kulola kuyanika kwake konse, chifukwa chomera chimataya masamba ndi maluwa mumkhalidwe wopanikizawu. Kusunthika kwa madzi mumphika kumavulaziranso duwa, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti mizu yake iwonongeke.
Kutsirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito bafa lotentha, lofanana ndi mvula yotentha. Kutentha kwamadzi kwa kuthirira kuli pakati pa 30 mpaka 45 madigiri. Popeza madzi nthawi yothirira amadzagwera m'madzimo amatsamba, pomwe amamangiriridwa ndi thunthu, ayenera kuchotsedwa pamenepo kuti asawonongeke.
M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, mbewuyo imapuma, kotero kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma osayima konse.
Dothi
Gawo laling'ono lodzala miltonia limagulidwa bwino ku malo ogulitsira maluwa. Mulingo woyenera wa dothi umakhala ndi makungwa osakanikirana ndi peat ndi tizidutswa tating'ono ta makala.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Miltonia kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe amafunika matumba owonjezera kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri. Pakudyetsa, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe chonse wa ma orchid, wokhathamiritsidwa m'madzi hafu yolimbikitsidwa. Feteleza akhoza kukhala muzu - mutathilira, kapena foliar - mwa kupopera masamba. Mutha kusinthanso mavalidwe apamwamba ndi mizu yoyambira.
Nthawi yopumula
Kuti tithandizire maluwa a miltonia, nthawi yokhala chete ndiyofunikira, yomwe imayamba posachedwa mababu atsopano, pomwe mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala zofanana ndi zakale. Munthawi yokhala matalala, kuthirira ndi kutentha kumachepetsedwa kukhala madigiri 15-16, ndikuchulukitsa pokhapokha pobwera panjira zatsopano.
Thirani
Miltonia amawokeranso kamodzi pa zaka 1-2, popeza panthawiyi gawo lake limataya zakudya. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikamadzaza ndikangotulutsa maluwa, nthawi yokhala matalala ikayamba. Khosi la chomeriralo silikhala lophimbidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tisawonongeke.
Dongosolo la miltonia ndi laling'ono, mizu yake ndi yofooka ndipo imatha kuzindikira chinyezi m'nthaka, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi ngalande yabwino pansi.
Miltonia kuswana
Miltonia imatha kufalitsidwa ndikugawa chitsamba chachikulu m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chomera chatsopanochi chimayenera kukhala ndi ma pseudobulbs osachepera atatu kuti chikule bwino komanso kuti chikule.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Zovuta za miltonia zimapangitsa chomera kuti chisakhudzidwe ndi tizirombo. Ambiri omwe ali ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, touluka komanso kupindika.
Ngati matenthedwe ochulukira ndi chinyezi chachepa kwambiri, kupindika kumawonekera pa miltonia. Pansipa ya tsambalo, imatulutsa mwachangu, ndipo kumtunda kumakutidwa ndi madontho aimvi. Masamba amayamba kugwa nthawi.
Chipere chimakwirira zitsamba ndi masamba a chomeracho ndi mawanga a bulauni. Pambuyo pake, zotulutsa zomata zimawonekera m'malo mwawo.
Whitefly, yokhudza chomera, imasiya masamba oyera kapena achikasu pansi pa tsamba. Chomera chovuta kwambiri chimataya masamba ndi kufa.
Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi shawa yofunda komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizirana ndi tizirombo, kuchepetsedwa molingana ndi malangizo a mankhwalawo.
Mitundu yotchuka ya miltonia
Miltonia ndi loyera chipale chofewa - amatulutsa ma peduncle pafupifupi 40 cm.Pandalama iliyonse, maluwa pafupifupi 3-5, onunkhira bwino, ofika pafupifupi masentimita 10, pachimake. Maluwa ndi achikaso achikasu, okongoletsedwa ndi mawanga ofiira ndi a bulauni. Milomo ya duwa ndi yoyera, yozungulira.
Miltonia Renelli amatanthauza maluwa okongola omwe ali ndi masamba osalala. Makapu a maluwa ndi oyera, milomo yake ndi yoyera. Aliyense wokhala ndi maluwa ali ndi maluwa 3-7 okhala ndi fungo labwino.
