Tsabola ndi chikhalidwe cham pachaka cha banja la nightshade. Pali mitundu yoposa 2000 ya mbewuyi. Zipatso zake zimakhala ndi mchere wofunikira kwa anthu, carotene, komanso nkhokwe ya Vitamini C. Kugwiritsa ntchito tsabola kumathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, kumalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kumathandizanso kugwira ntchito kwam'mimba, komanso kumapangitsa khungu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Pepper imakondweretsanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana: zowawa, zotsekemera, zowawasa, zotsekemera komanso zowawasa, etc.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi kukaniza kwake matenda, omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti mukule tsabola m'nthaka iliyonse. M'mbuyomu, mbewu ya thermophilic imangodzalidwa kumadera akumwera okha. Masiku ano, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera kuphimba, mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola imamera bwino ku Siberia ndi Urals. Kuti mupewe zokolola zabwino, muyenera kusankha mitundu yoyenera, yomwe izikhala "yabwino" m'derali. Pobzala, kucha ndi pakati pa nyengoyo ndizoyenera.
Mitundu iti yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola ku Siberia?
Kwa dera lozizira lokwanira la Siberia, mitundu yoyambirira ya tsabola idapangidwa. Kwa zaka makumi angapo, izi zofunikira zakhala zikukula bwino pano. Kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro, kubzala mbewu ndikuchita zonse zofunikira paulimi, wamaluwa amatenga mbewu yomwe singawakhumudwitse. Musanadzale nthangala za pepala ku Siberia, ndikofunikira kugula phukusi lomwe likuwonetsa kuti mitunduyi ndi ya m'derali.
Mwa nyengo yankhanza, mitundu yoyambayo ndiyoyenera kwambiri:
- Mwamuna wa Gingerbread. Pafupipafupi kwambiri kucha kalasi. Chimakula chonse pamalo otetezeka komanso malo okhala mufilimu. 3-4 chipinda chipinda ndi wachifundo thupi, 8-9 mamilimita wandiweyani, zipse pa chitsamba chopindika. Unyinji wa tsabola umodzi ndi magalamu 80-90. Tsabola umapambana ndi kukoma kwake mwatsopano ndi zam'chitini. Zosiyanasiyana zidawerengedwa ku Moldavian Research Institute.
- Topolin. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi zipatso zapamwamba komanso zazikulu kwambiri. Kulemera kwawo kumatha kufika magalamu 150. Kubala kumachitika patatha masiku 110. Zipatso ndizopanga mawonekedwe, ofiira amtundu wakuda ndi makoma owonda. Tchire zazitali zimakulidwa pa trellis, ndikupanga timitengo tiwiri, tambiri zotsika - mwa mawonekedwe, popanda zingwe. Pepper Topolin siyothandiza matenda, chifukwa chake imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri za 40-50 t / ha.
Siberia imakhala yotentha kwambiri ndi chilimwe mwachidule. Chifukwa chake, m'malo oyesera zamasamba, mitundu yosinthidwa ndi nyengo yakumaloko imadulidwa. Amakhala ndi nyengo yapakati, okhwima m'masiku 95-120 ali ndi zokolola zambiri.
Zoweta zimabala tsabola wosakanizidwa bwino kwambiri ku Siberia:
- Mwana woyamba kubadwa wa Siberia ndi tsabola wokoma wa nthawi yapakati woberekeredwa ku West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi masentimita 40-45, kutalika kwa chipatso ndi masentimita 9, khoma limakhala lokwanira mamilimita 8-10, kulemera kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndi magalamu 49-53. Tsabola wojambulidwa ndi piramidi wa utoto wofiira kapena wachikasu wokhala ndi zamkaka zotsekemera. Zokolola zimatha kukolola pambuyo masiku 100-110 pamlingo wa 3.5-4 kg / m2.
Pakukula m'nyumba mu Central Siberian Botanical Garden, mitundu yovomerezeka ya Novosibirsk imasankhidwa. Mbewu za tsabola nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa ku Siberia mu February. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, zikumera zimasinthidwa ndikukhala dothi lobiriwira. Zipatso zimakhwima masiku 95-100, zipatso - 3.5-4 kg / m2. Pa chitsamba, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 100, pamakhala zipatso zowoneka bwino zofiira limodzi zolemera 50-58 magalamu. Makulidwe a zamkati zoterezi amachokera mamilimita 4 mpaka 6.
Mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri wa tsabola wapakatikati mwa Sibiryak, wamtundu wamtundu wa tsabola waku Siberia. Ichi ndi chitsamba chotsika (pafupifupi masentimita 60) okhala ndi zipatso zooneka ngati cuboid. Ngakhale mumkhalidwe wovuta, zipatso zimamangidwa ndipo mutha kutola kilogalamu 6-7 pa mita imodzi. Zipatso za mtundu wofiira, wamafuta, zazikulu ndi 100-150 magalamu, zimalekerera mayendedwe bwino. Kuchokera kumera kwa mphukira mpaka kupsa mwaukadaulo, masiku 115-118 akudutsa. Tsabola amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa m'mawonekedwe ndi osapsa, komanso m'malo obiriwira nthawi yozizira. Zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizidwa mu State Register ya Russian Federation.
Pakukula m'nyumba mu Central Siberian Botanical Garden, mitundu yovomerezeka ya Novosibirsk imasankhidwa. Mbewu za tsabola nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa ku Siberia mu February. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, zikumera zimasinthidwa ndikukhala dothi lobiriwira. Zipatso zimakhwima masiku 95-100, zipatso - 3.5-4 kg / m2. Pa chitsamba, mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 100, pamakhala zipatso zowoneka bwino zofiira limodzi zolemera 50-58 magalamu. Makulidwe a zamkati zoterezi amachokera mamilimita 4 mpaka 6.
Mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri wa tsabola wapakatikati mwa Sibiryak, wamtundu wamtundu wa tsabola waku Siberia. Ichi ndi chitsamba chotsika (pafupifupi masentimita 60) okhala ndi zipatso zooneka ngati cuboid. Ngakhale mumkhalidwe wovuta, zipatso zimamangidwa ndipo mutha kutola kilogalamu 6-7 pa mita imodzi. Zipatso za mtundu wofiira, wamafuta, zazikulu ndi 100-150 magalamu, zimalekerera mayendedwe bwino. Kuchokera kumera kwa mphukira mpaka kupsa mwaukadaulo, masiku 115-118 akudutsa. Tsabola amalimbikitsidwa kuti azilimidwa m'mawonekedwe ndi osapsa, komanso m'malo obiriwira nthawi yozizira. Zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizidwa mu State Register ya Russian Federation.Mitundu iti yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola ku Urals?
Mu Urals, tsabola nthawi zambiri amakulira pamalo otseguka, koma pansi pa chivundikiro cha film kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Mbeu zobzalidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi: mu wowonjezera kutentha - manambala 20-25, panthaka - Meyi 25-30. Ngakhale kuli kotentha komanso nyengo yoipa, olima masamba a m'derali amasangalala chaka chilichonse ndi tsabola wambiri wa ku Urals. Mitundu yoyambilira nthawi zonse imakhala ndi nthawi "yopereka" mbewu yotentha, popeza imacha, pafupifupi, m'miyezi itatu.
Mitundu yakucha yakucha ikuphatikiza:
- Montero. Ichi ndi tsabola wokoma masentimita 100-120 okwera ndi zipatso zofiira zamtengo wapatali. Zipatso zake zimafika magalamu 240-260, kulemera kwa chipatso - 940 magalamu. Makulidwe a khoma ali pafupifupi mamilimita 7. Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri komanso kuzindikira. Itha kukhala wamkulu m'mitundu yonse ya malo obiriwira. Sungani makilogalamu 7-16 a tsabola pa mita imodzi.
- Wogulitsa Zimatenga miyezi yopitilira miyezi iwiri kuti zipse zipatsozo. Tsabola wolemera pafupifupi magalamu 70 ndi linga lamtundu - mamilimita 5-7 amawoneka patchire. Kupanga mitundu ya Merchant ndi 2-3 kg / m2. Tsabola ndiwambiri mu ascorbic acid.
Apainiya Wogawidwa ku Ukraine Research Institute of Vegetable ndi Melon Kukula mu 1987, adalimbikitsa kuti alimiwe kumayiko a Ural. Msipu woyamba kucha umafunika masiku 116-135 kuti akhwime. Kutalika kwa chikhalidwe ndi masentimita 70, chipatsocho ndichopondera chofiira ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Pepper yolemera 55 magalamu, makulidwe a khoma - mamilimita 4. Kukolola, ngakhale kuli kotsika - 0,8 kg / m2, koma kutchire.- Winnie the Pooh ndi mitundu yambiri ya tsabola. Kuyambira kumera mpaka pakucha zipatso, masiku 110 akudutsa. Chomera ndichofanana, chotsika - 30 cm. Pakutha kwa nyengo, ma cones ambiri ofiira ambiri amasonkhana m'maluwa. Zipatso zimapsa pafupifupi nthawi imodzi.
Apainiya Wogawidwa ku Ukraine Research Institute of Vegetable ndi Melon Kukula mu 1987, adalimbikitsa kuti alimiwe kumayiko a Ural. Msipu woyamba kucha umafunika masiku 116-135 kuti akhwime. Kutalika kwa chikhalidwe ndi masentimita 70, chipatsocho ndichopondera chofiira ndi nsonga yakuthwa. Pepper yolemera 55 magalamu, makulidwe a khoma - mamilimita 4. Kukolola, ngakhale kuli kotsika - 0,8 kg / m2, koma kutchire.Kuyambira pamitundu yayitali ya tsabola ku Urals, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa:
Bogatyr ndi kalasi yapakatikati pa tsabola wokoma. Ichi ndiye chomera chosinthika kwambiri ndi nyengo yakomweko. Ngakhale kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kusowa kwa kuwunikira, zipatso za Bogatyr zimafika kulemera kwa magalamu 180 ndi kutalika masentimita 18. Akazi a nyumba amakonda kukolola izi nthawi yachisanu, monga momwe zimakhalira zamkati zimakhalabe zowawasa komanso zokoma ngati zatsopano. Adzakula m'malo obiriwira, matatani, malo otseguka.
Ng'ombe zofiira ndi zachikasu. Zimphona zosadzikuza izi zidapeza mayina chifukwa cha kukula kwawo ndi mtundu wake. Unyinji wamba wa tsabola ndi magalamu 200, zipatso za Red Bull zitha kulemera magalamu 400. Mitundu yonseyi ndi yopanda makoma, kutalika kwa tsabola mpaka masentimita 20. Tchire limapinda pansi pa kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatso, motero zimamangidwa.
Bogatyr ndi kalasi yapakatikati pa tsabola wokoma. Ichi ndiye chomera chosinthika kwambiri ndi nyengo yakomweko. Ngakhale kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kusowa kwa kuwunikira, zipatso za Bogatyr zimafika kulemera kwa magalamu 180 ndi kutalika masentimita 18. Akazi a nyumba amakonda kukolola izi nthawi yachisanu, monga momwe zimakhalira zamkati zimakhalabe zowawasa komanso zokoma ngati zatsopano. Adzakula m'malo obiriwira, matatani, malo otseguka.
Ng'ombe zofiira ndi zachikasu. Zimphona zosadzikuza izi zidapeza mayina chifukwa cha kukula kwawo ndi mtundu wake. Unyinji wamba wa tsabola ndi magalamu 200, zipatso za Red Bull zitha kulemera magalamu 400. Mitundu yonseyi ndi yopanda makoma, kutalika kwa tsabola mpaka masentimita 20. Tchire limapinda pansi pa kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zipatso, motero zimamangidwa.Ngati kuphatikiza tsabola wokoma, ndikwawonso kudzutsidwa, ndiye kuti malo ena obiriwira adakonzedwera mbande, apo ayi munguwo udzawombedwa ndi mphepo, ndipo tsabola wokoma udzakhala ndi zowawa pambuyo pake. Mutha kubzala tsabola wotentha m'munda wamaluwa, ndiye kuti nthawi yonse ya chilimwe bedi la maluwa lidzakhala lodzaza ndi zipatso zofiira. Kututa tsabola wowawa kuchokera kumasewera asanu okha ndikokwanira chaka chonse kwa banja la ana anayi.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe tafotokozazi, mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tsabola ku Siberia ndi Urals imaphatikizapo Triton, Koudesnik, Edino, Yantar, Pinocchio, Aries, Zorka, Alyonushka, Anlita, Bagira, Mtsogoleri wa Redskins, Swallow ndi ena.
