Fuko la Tillandsia ndi la banja la Bromeliad. Owayimira ndi zitsamba zobiriwira za epiphytic zomwe zimapezeka kuthengo m'malo otentha ku America.
Kwenikweni, mbewu izi zimakhala pamitengo pomwe zimatenga zinthu zonse zofunika. Mitunduyi ndi yosiyana, choncho nkovuta kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za iwo.
Mitundu ya Tillandsia
Mwambiri, mpakaandsia ikhoza kugawidwa kukhala mitundu ya Atmospheric ndi Potted. Zoyambazo zimakhala ndi masamba opindika, ndizovutirapo komanso zovuta kulima, zomerazo zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira ndipo ndizosavuta kuzisamalira.
Maonero a Atmospheric:
Tillandsia sichimasulidwa amatchedwanso ndevu zachikulire. Ili ndi mphukira zoonda zomwe zitha kutalika kwambiri. Zomera zofanana ndi ulusi, wokutidwa ndi mamba a siliva. Maluwa ndi achikasu achikasu.
Tillandsia tricolor chomera chaching'ono chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, chomwe chimamera mosangalatsa. Maluwa obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa ofiirira amawoneka pamitengo yayitali ya maluwa.
Tillandsia kutulutsa epiphyte okhala ndi mphukira wowala wobiriwira wokutidwa ndi mamba omera. Ma inflorescence-spikelets a mtundu wa lilac amawonekera pazomera zamaluwa.
Tillandsia jellyfish mutu yotchedwa mphukira ndi masamba omwe amafanana ndi miyendo ya anthu okhala m'madzi. Ikayamba kuphuka, ma inflorescence angapo owoneka ngati mkombero amawoneka ndi mabulangeti ofiira ndi maluwa abuluu.
Siliva wa Tillandsia namutcha iye ngati ulusi kapena kwamawonekedwe. Ili ndi masamba owonda pang'ono omwe amatuluka kuchokera pansi pa mpirawo.
Tillandsia violet kapena onion imayimira timing'alu ting'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tofiirira thunzi tating'ono. Maluwa akayamba, masamba amayamba kukhala ndi ubweya wofiyira.
Mitundu yotchuka yamtunduwu Tillandsia violet wofiira kapena rubra. Ichi ndi chomera chocheperako chomwe chimakhala choyenera kulimidwa mkati.
Tillandsia Andre epiphyte, masamba ake nthawi zina amakula mwachindunji kuchokera kumizu, ndipo nthawi zina amawombera masamba. Monga mitundu ina ya mlengalenga, gawo la mlengalenga limakutidwa ndi sikelo zasiliva.
Tillandsia Xerography masamba a siliva a xenography curls, ngati a congeners, akukula kwambiri. Imapirira chilala chifukwa chakuti kuthengo kumamera madera ouma a Mexico.
Mitundu Yopaka:
Tillandsia buluu kapena cyanoea nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'maluwa athu. Imakhala ndi masamba owonda, ofiira pansi ndi bulauni pamtunda pamwamba. Maluwa ndi amaluwa, ofanana ndi ma mpinga. Kutumikiridwa monga zinthu popanga mitundu yambiri ya mahybrids.
Tillandsia Linden imakumbutsa mawonekedwe am'mbuyomu, koma ili ndi khutu lokongola kwambiri. Broker amakhala ofiira, ndipo maluwa amakhala amtambo.
Tillandsia Duer kapena Dierianna ali ndi masamba azitali oterera omwe amapindika. Pa duwa laling'ono, maluwa amawoneka, ophimbidwa ndi mkombero wofiyira.
Tillandsia Anita chomera chosakanizidwa chochokera ku Cyanoea, chomwe chimakhalanso chobzala nafe. Masamba owonda, akuthwa okutidwa ndi mamba; mkati mwake mumapezeka duwa lofiirira lofiirira. Mbale zamphongo zimazimiririka msanga, koma zomangira kwa nthawi yayitali zimasungidwa.
Tillandsia akunga duwa lobiriwira, tsinde lake lomwe limaphukira bwino. Udzu wopindika, wokutikika, wokutidwa ndi mamba owoneka ngati phulusa. Masamba amawonekanso pamtunda wautali, ndipo maluwa awiri okhala ndi kamvekedwe ka lilac amapangidwa pamwamba pake.
Tillandsia babu kapena bulbose Mitundu iyi imapanga masamba ambiri, omwe kuchokera pazotupa zimayamba kupindika kwambiri. Masamba obiriwira amaphimbidwa ndi mamba a buluu. Masamba obisika amakula pachitsa cha maluwa, duwa lake ndi spikelet wa mtundu wabuluu.
Tillandsia chisamaliro chakunyumba
Kusamalira tillandsia zimatengera kuti ndi mlengalenga kapena ndi zobiriwira, koma mwambiri sizovuta.
Mitundu ya Atmospheric imakula bwino pamthunzi wocheperako, ndipo amadyera mumiphika amakonda kuwala kosakanikirana, ndipo nthawi yozizira, dzuwa likakhala kuti silikulipa, amayikidwa bwino padzuwa. Mitundu yonseyi imamera bwino pakatentha pafupifupi 24 ° C nthawi yachilimwe ndi 15 ° C nthawi yozizira. Ndizosafunika kuti kutentha kukwere pamwamba pa 35 ° C ndipo pansi pa 15 ° C.
Chinyezi chimafunika chokwera kwambiri - pafupifupi 60%. Mlingowu umasungidwa ndikumwaza ndi madzi ofewa, koma kuti asatayike maluwa. Ndizosatheka kuti chinyezi chizikhala ndi masamba kwa nthawi yayitali, ziyenera kutuluka mkati mwa maola angapo. Chonde dziwani kuti chinyezi chikakwera kwambiri, mbewuzo zimafunikira kwambiri. Zomera izi zimafunikira mpweya wabwino, koma osazilola kuti ziwombe.
Mitundu ya Atmospheric imamera pamakungwa a mbewu zina. Mutha kupanga gawo lapansi la khungwa ndi makala. Mutha kuyesanso dothi la bromeliads, koma ngakhale mutagula mu sitolo yapadera, osakaniza adzafunikirabe kuwerengedwa.
Vriesia ndi woimira banja la Bromeliad, lomwe pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe limakula ngati chomera cha epiphytic, koma pochoka kunyumba ngati chomera choti ndi cholowa. Pamafunika kutsatira malamulo aulimi ndi chisamaliro. Mupeza zofunikira zonse za chomera m'nkhaniyi.
Tillandsia kuthirira
Thirirani mbewuzo pachikale. Madzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mvula yofewa, kukhazikika, ngakhale mvula yabwino, madzi osungunuka sangathe kugwira ntchito. Simungakhale ndi chlorine m'madzi, kotero simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchokera m'mapaipi. Ponena za kutentha, kuyenera kukhala kosachepera 20 madigiri. Yesetsani kuthirira tchire kuti chinyontho chisakhalebe pamabowo.
Mtundu wamlengalenga umathiriridwa kamodzi patsiku ndi kupopera, ndipo nyambo yomwe imathiriridwa yokha ikadzulira.
Mitundu ya mphika imathiridwanso ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma dothi silimadzetsedwa kuti liziuma ngati mtundu wamlengalenga.
- Ngati kutentha kumatsika kapena kusowa kwa kuwala, ndiye kuti, madzi ochepa amafunika.
- Kuthirira nthaka ikamuma, imatuleni ndikuyidilitsa kwa theka la ola, kenako ndikuthira madzi.
- Ndi bwinonso kusamba chitsamba kangapo pamwezi kutiyeretsa fumbi kuchokera patsamba loyambira.
- Ngati dothi louma kwambiri ndipo chitsamba chikuyamba kufa, ndiye kuti mphikawo uyenera kuyikiridwa m'madzi kwa tsiku - pankhaniyi, zidzatha kubwezeretsa duwa.
Feteleza kwa tillandsia
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa pakatha masiku 40-50, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wa bromeliads, koma onetsetsani kuti mulibe boron ndi mkuwa. Ndikofunikanso kubereketsa kavalidwe kapamwamba kambiri kuposa momwe akufotokozera.
Thirani Tillandsia
Pafupifupi zaka zitatu zilizonse, kuphatikizika kwa mitundu yamitundu yamtunduwu kumachitika. Atmospheric samasendeza.
Kufunika kwa kufalikira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kusakhala kwa maluwa ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwa muzu, kufikira kotero kuti sudzakhala ndi malo okwanira mu chidebe chomera.
Kupatsirana kumachitika mu nthawi ya kasupe kwathunthu kusintha nthaka. Miphika imasankhidwa kukhala yotsika, dothi lamtundu wamtunduwu limatha kupangidwa ndi nthaka ya humus, moss, mchenga ndi peat mu chiyerekezo cha 4: 1: 1: 1, ndipo ngalande yamadzimadzi ndiyofunikira. Kuika kumachitika mosamala, kuyesera kuonetsetsa kuti chikhalidwecho ndi cholimba mumphika watsopano. Muyenera kusanthula masamba odwala ndi owonongeka.
Kulima mbewu za Tillandsia
Mitundu yamoto yomwe imagulidwa m'misika imafesedwa ndi mbewu. Pukutirani zinthu mumchenga wonyowa. Ndikwabwino kusaphimba mbewu ndi gawo lapansi, koma kungoyika pansi.
Kenako, kufesa kumakutidwa ndi chivundikiro chamafuta ndikusungidwa ndi nyali zowala ndi kutentha kosachepera 25 ° C. Kumera kumatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo maluwa omwe amapezeka mwanjira imeneyi amapezeka kokha zaka zingapo.
Kulera kwa Tillandsia ndi ana
Ndizothekanso kubereka ndi ana, zomwe zimawoneka ngati maluwa ayamba. Maluwa atatha, kholo limamwalira, ndipo nkuphukira zimawonekera mozungulira, zomwe zimamera mwachangu ndipo zitha kubzalidwa mumchenga wosakanizika ndi peat.
Mizu imatha miyezi ingapo, kenako ikhoza kusinthanitsa ana mumiphika wina posakaniza ma orchid. Ngati mphukira imodzi yokha iwoneka, ndiye kuti makolowo atamwalira, mwana samamuwonjezera.
Mtundu wamlengalenga umagawidwa kukhala mitengo. Amabzala mbatata yaiwisi, pomwe amangopitiliza kukula.
Matenda a Tillandsia
Ngati pali kuphwanya chisamaliro, mpakaandsia ikhoza kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri.
Ndikusowa chinyontho kumayamba kukhala utoto wa masambaiye zopindika kuposa masiku onse kufota ndi masamba, ndipo pambuyo pake kufa.
Ndi kusintha kwakukuru pazachilengedwe masamba amatha kuyamba kugwa.
Masamba browning nthawi zambiri imayamba chifukwa cha kuwotcha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwunika kwenikweni kwa dzuwa.
Maonekedwe a laimu pamasamba ndi mabatani akuwonetsa kuthirira kolimba. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusamala, chifukwa chikhalidwecho chingathe kufa.
Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha kumakhala koyipa kwa mbewuyi - itha kutero lekani kutulutsa, fota, kuyesa.
Mtundu wa masamba obiriwira kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati kuwala kwambiri.
Tillandsia tizirombo
Pakati pa tizirombo ndiofala nsabwe za m'masamba. Izi sizimangomwa timadziti, komanso zimanyamula matenda. Kuti muchotse nsabwe za m'masamba, mutha kutsuka masamba ndi sopo yankho kapena kupopera maluwa ndi madzi a zipatso.
Whitefly itha kutsimikizika ndi mphutsi zoyera pa mphukira ndi zokutira zomata pambuyo pake zitha kuwoneka ngati mwaye. Kuthana ndi ma whiteflies amatengera misampha ya guluu.
Mealybugs siyani chovala chonyezimira chofanana ndi sera, komanso chinyezi chomata, chomwe chimakopanso mwaye. Ngati pali tizilombo tambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kungochotsa pamanja. Ngati achulukitsa kwambiri, ndiye kuti duwa limatsukidwa ndi madzi amchere kapena kulowetsedwa kwa calendula.
Zikopa Amawoneka ngati masikelo, amasiya zomata zomata ndi zovuta zakuda. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuthana nawo. Amavulidwa ndi chigamba chovindikira m'madzi a soapy, mowa kapena kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi.
Ngati tizirombo timayambitsa mavuto ambiri, ndibwino kutembenukira ku ziphezi za tizirombo, chifukwa chake ndizosavuta kuchotsa tizilombo.
