Mulching ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yolima yomwe alimi amagwiritsa ntchito m'malo ambiri a nyengo. Munthawi imeneyi, dothi limakutidwa ndi zopangidwa ndi anthu kapena zinthu zopangidwa ndi anthu, ndipo mabedi amatha kuphimbidwa kwathunthu kapena malo okha pakati pa mizere.
Mulch nthaka yamunthu inaphunzitsa chilengedwe. Zowonadi, pamitengo yophulika komanso m'nkhalangozi m'nkhalango ndi mitengo, nthaka sikuwoneka bwino - masamba agwa, udzu wouma, singano amateteza nthaka kuti isayanike, ndi mbewu ku zovuta ndi majeremusi.
Dothi la mulch limalola kuti dothi lisungidwe bwino ndipo limalepheretsa kutumphuka. Kuphatikiza apo, dothi loyalika silimasulidwa ndi madzi pakuthirira, limasungabe chinyezi ndikulepheretsa udzu kukula. Mulch kwambiri amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira ndipo amapangitsa kuti kumasula kwake kukhala kosafunikira.
Kodi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji mulching pa tsamba lanu? Pali zosankha zambiri.
Kuphatikiza ndi zida zophimba
Kwa izi, makanema amtundu ndi wakuda, lutrasil, kuyika padenga, kuyimitsa padenga ndizoyenera. Amayala pamabedi, amalimbikitsidwa, kenako mabowo amapangidwapo pomwe zimabzalidwa. Malo omwe akuyenera kuyikidwapo (tidula filimuyo mbali ina kapena ayi), osati mwa mawonekedwe kapena bwalo. Chifukwa chake dziko lapansi lidzasuluka chinyontho, ndipo madzi amatha kulowa pansi.
Filimu yakuda imagwiritsidwa ntchito mulch zukchini ndi nkhaka. Chimateteza bwino kubzala kwa maudzu ndikuchepetsa kutsirira. Sitiroberi wokutidwa ndi kanema imakusangalatsani ndi zipatso zoyera.
Tomato amakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi filimu yofiira ndi kabichi yoyera. Filimu yowonekera kwa mulch siyikulimbikitsidwa - sikuchepetsa, koma imayambitsa kukula kwa namsongole.
Zojambula zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mulching ziyenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- Osaloleza dzuwa
- Khalani ndi zotanuka komanso zopyapyala
- Limbani pansi
- Limbikani kuti namsongole asadutse
Mulchi kuchokera mufilimuyi imachulukitsa kutentha kwa nthaka ndi 1.5-2 ° C, ndipo ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikika kosakhazikika kwa malo apakati, komwe nthawi yachilimwe imakhala yochepa. Komanso, mulching wa m'mafilimu amachepetsa kusintha kwa chinyezi, ndikupangitsa nthaka kukhala yozizira pamasiku otentha. Chifukwa chake, kanemayo amathandizira kuti mbewu zizimva kutentha, kutentha komanso kuzizira.
Pobisalira mopepuka choterocho imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchotsa udzu wopanda mankhwala. Ndi chithandizo chake, ngakhale zovuta kuchotsa zitsamba zomwe zimafalitsa ndi ma rhizomes - laki, tirigu, ndi nthula zimawonongeka.
Kanema wakuda amaletsa kupangika kwa kutumphuka kwa dothi, komwe kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umaperekedwa kumizu, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti mbande ziberekane. Mulch uyu amateteza dothi losasunthika. Mwachitsanzo, pabedi la sitiroberi pansi pa kanema, dziko lapansi silikhala losasinthika ngakhale kwa zaka zisanu.
Kuphatikizanso kwina: kanema wa mulch amalimbikitsa chonde m'nthaka. Namsongole mu topsoil amawola, amadzilemeretsa ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatetezedwa ndi kanemayo timayamba kukula ndi kudyetsa, ndikuwonjezera zomwe zili mu humus.
Wophika ndi mulch dothi, umasunga kutentha bwino nthawi yozizira, ndipo mabedi samazizira pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, malo okhala filimu ndikofunikira kwambiri maapulo amtali, omwe chisanu chake chimakana kuthana kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha sitiroberi, mizu yake imakhala pafupi ndi dothi.
Mulch kuchokera mufilimuyi pansi pa tchire la sitiroberi amaletsa mapangidwe a imvi zowola, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nematode.
Ndi zabwino zonse, kanema mulch amakhalanso ndi vuto. Mosiyana ndi chinthu chachilengedwe, sichowononga, kudyetsa nthaka. Izi zimapangitsa nzika zambiri za chilimwe kuyamba kuyalaza mabedi ndi humus, kenako ndikuziphimba ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosakhala nsalu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Organic Mulch
Kaya muli ndi zinthu zopangidwa mwaluso, alimi amakono amakonda kwambiri mulch wachilengedwe.
Potetezeka monga organic sikuti kumalepheretsa kukula kwa udzu, kumateteza nthaka kuti isazizire komanso kuziziritsa ndi kusunga chinyezi mmalo mwake, komanso kumathandizira mbewu ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kupatula apo, pang'onopang'ono kuola, mulch amapanga dothi labwino kwambiri m'nthaka.
Kuti mulching ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kuti mupereke mphamvu yochulukirapo, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi pabwino liti komanso pabwino liti.
Mulching mwatsopano kudula udzu
Udzuwo umadzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuti chitukuko cha nkhokwe zitheke.
Kuti mulching, mutha kutenga udzu pakati pa udzu wokonzedwa, udzu wouma pang'ono mutamasula, ndikubzala nthambi za tomato. Chonde dziwani kuti masamba a phwetekere akhale chida chabwino kwambiri cha mabedi a kabichi;
Osathamangira kuti mulch nthaka ndi udzu womwe wadulidwa kumene, ulole kuti udzutse kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri - apo ayi uyamba kuvunda mwachangu.
Madera akumpoto, njira yolimilira imachitika nthaka itasokonekera mpaka pakuzama, ndipo mbande zimamera ndikukula. Madera akumwera, udzu wa mulch umayambitsidwa ngakhale usanabzidwe kuti ukwaniritse dziko lapansi ndi michere.
Mulching nthaka ndi kompositi
Ndikosavuta kupeza malo okhala osasinthika komanso abwino kuposa kompositi. Ndiotetezeka kwathunthu komanso kukonda masamba onse. Kulowa ndi kompositi kumawonjezera kukana kwa mbewu ku matenda ndikuwapatsa zakudya zabwino.
Chifukwa chake, zinyalala zakukhitchini, nsonga, udzu, zinyalala za organic ziyenera kuyikidwa mu dzenje la kompositi, zowazidwa ndi utuchi, mapepala, dothi. Pakatha chaka, mudzakhala ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zachilengedwe zokhala mulching.
Strong mulching
Ndikofunika kuphimba dothi ndi udzu pansi pa nightshade - tchire la tomato ndi mbatata.
Idzakhala chotchinga chabwino pakati pa kucha ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda okhala m'nthaka, kuteteza mbeu ku zowola ndi anthracnose, komanso kupewa masamba. Ndipo ngati mulch udzu wokhala ndi mizere ya mbatata, kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata nthawi zambiri amawadutsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, udzu wa mulch ndi wabwino kubzala adyo, basil, mabulosi akuda a m'munda ndi sitiroberi.
Nkhani zoyimba
Werengani mitundu ndi makanema akuda ndi oyera atha kuyikidwa bwino pamabedi - atha kukhala mulch yabwino kwambiri ndipo sangalole kuti namsongole akule.
Bedi lokonzekera mulching limakutidwa ndi zigawo zinayi za manyuzipepala ndikuwazidwa ndi udzu, udzu, dothi kapena udzu.
Olima ena amaopa kuti inki ikhoza kuwononga malo obzala, komabe, malinga ndi asayansi aku America, zofalitsa zamakono sizisokoneza nthaka ndi zomera.
Makatoni ndi mapepala ojambulanso ntchito satha kusintha maudzu. Amatha kusintha mulch kuchokera mufilimu ngati kuli koyenera kutenthetsa nthaka. Ngati masiku awiri kapena atatu mbande zisanakwiriridwe kumundako, kama wake wokutidwa ndi pepala labwino, umakweza nthaka ndi kutentha kwa 3 ° C.
Mulching ndi pepala rasipiberi ndi ma nyemba zimapereka zotsatira zabwino - zokolola za mbewu izi ndizambiri.
Mulching masamba agwa
Zotchingira masamba ndizabwino kabichi komanso nyemba. Tsabola, biringanya, ndi phwetekere zimatha kuzikika ndi masamba, koma pambuyo pakuwotcha nthaka.
Mulch chotere ndicabwino m'mabedi amaluwa, amathandizira kuti maluwa asatenthedwe ndipo sadzalola mababu kuti zimere nthawi ya thaw.
Wood Bark Mulching
Makungwa a mitengo ndiye chinthu cholimba kwambiri kuposa mulching. Zimayenda kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa sizakwaniritsidwa bwino ndi chinyezi. Chifukwa chake, mulch chotere "chimakhala cha nthawi yayitali" ndipo nthawi zambiri chimatsanulidwa kuzungulira tchire ndi mitengo.
Kuphatikiza tomato, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito khungwa la conifers - zinthu zosasinthika chifukwa chake zimapweteketsa tomato.
Wood mulch ndilabwino kwambiri pamabedi amaluwa ndi zipatso. Kukhazikika kwake kumapangitsa kuti gwiritsidwe ntchito khungwa monga zokongoletsera pojambula komanso kupanga makama odabwitsa a maluwa.
Mulching ndi utuchi kapena nkhuni tchipisi
Zinthu ngati izi zimatsanulidwa pomwe nthaka sinalimidwe nkomwe ndipo sadziwa kuti fosholo ndiyotani - pamayendedwe a m'munda, mizere. Kupatula apo, tchipisi tamatabwa timafunikira zoposa chaka kuti zivunde kwathunthu.
Ndikwabwino kudzaza dothi ndi utuchi mu raspberries kapena kumapeto kwa yophukira kuphimba mabedi ndi mbewu yachisanu, mwachitsanzo, adyo.
Osagwiritsa ntchito utuchi wophika chifukwa cha mulching. Ngati atawunjikana pamulu kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizotheka kuti mpweya sunalowe m'munsi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo "adawuma". Zinthu zotere ziyenera kumwazika ndi mpira wowonda musanagwiritse ntchito ndikuwuma bwino.
Ma singano ophatikiza
Singano amakondedwa ndi tchire la sitiroberi ndi ma biringanya - amawateteza ndi kuwadyetsa bwino. Komabe, olima dimba ambiri ali ndi lingaliro lokondera kuti ma singano a paini amawoneka kuti akuphatikiza nthaka.
Koma zinayesedwa mosamala kuti pH ya dothi, pomwe wosanjikiza masentimita asanu ndi awiri adatsanuliridwa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana, idakhalabe yomweyo monga mulching.
Kuphatikiza pa zomwe tanena pamwambapa, peat ndi zinyenyeswazi kuchokera pamenepo, keke ya mbewu ya mpendadzuwa ndi dzungu, humus, mabango owuma ndi oyenera kuteteza nthaka pamabedi. Nthawi zambiri, pansi pa mulch, zinthu zingapo zimaphatikizidwa, mwachitsanzo, udzu wodulidwa mwatsopano mwachangu kapena udzu wokhala ndi makatoni. Zabwino zabwino zimapezeka mulching ndi udzu watsopano wosakanizidwa ndi utuchi.
Kodi tingatani kuti mulchi komanso nthawi yanji, tikambirana m'nkhani yotsatira.
