Dictamnus apanga ulimi wosabzala Mbeu Kubzala ndi chisamaliroChomera chowala phulusa, chotchuka pansi pa dzina la ndakatulo "posachedwa mkuwa" - ndichoperewera, chimafuna chikhalidwe komanso kulondola. Tchire la Diktamnus (ili ndi dzina lasayansi chomera ichi) likhoza kuyatsa moto wotseguka, komanso limatha kuwotcha pakhungu. Omwe alimi ambiri amavomera kupirira vuto lotere, osadzikana okha chisangalalo chokhala ndi chomera chimodzi, osamala pakuchita izi.
Zochititsa chidwi komanso zowopsa - mafotokozedwe a phulusa la phulusa
Mtengo wa phulusa umamera kulikonse ku Europe, m'malo otentha a Asia. Mtengowo uli ndi thunthu loongoka, koma chitsamba, lotha kupangira mitengo yonse. Dictamnus adalandira dzina lake lodziwika - mwala wosawonongeka - kuti athe kuwonekera kuchokera pamoto wotseguka womwe umaperekedwa pamasiku otentha. Chomerachi chimatha kuwononga kwambiri kutentha kwa khungu la munthu.
Kutha kuyambitsa kuwotcha komanso kuwotcha ndi chibadwa mumtengo wa phulusa osati pazifukwa zauzimu. Chilichonse chimafotokozedwa mophweka - mu kutentha kwa chomera chimatulutsa mafuta ambiri ofunikira - mafuta osakanikirana komanso okwiyitsa khungu. Kudzinyalanyaza kwamafuta ofunikira, komwe kumakhala kotheka mu nyengo zotentha, ndiko maziko a nthano ya m'Baibulo yachitsamba choyaka.
Chithunzi chomwe mtengo wa phulusa umayaka
Komabe, simuyenera kuchita mantha kuti izi zikuyambitsa moto. Kupatula apo, kutentha kwa moto kwa mafuta ofunikawa sikokwanira kuvulaza mbewu yoyandikana. Komabe, ndikofunikabe kutsatira malamulo ena achitetezo.
Mitundu ya mbewuyi ndi yaying'ono, m'mbuyomu oyimilira asanu ndi m'modzi ndi amodzi okha. Onsewa ndi ofanana kapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe ake, amasiyanitsidwa ndi zokongoletsa, makamaka pak maluwa. Izi ndi zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha wamaluwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Munda Ash
Mtundu wa phulusa pamalo ojambulidwa zithunzi
Masiku ano, mitundu yonse ya phulusa imalumikizidwa ndi botanists pansi pa dzina limodzi - dictamnus yoyera.
Ndi mbewu yayitali kwambiri yosatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi. Kuwombera nkowongoka, yokutidwa ndi m'mphepete, rhizome imapangidwa ndipo imakhala yamphamvu. Mphukira ndizoyenderana bwino ndipo masamba atakhala pazitali zazitali. Masamba oyambira - lonse, tsinde - lopanda pake, amakumbukira mawonekedwe a phulusa lobiriwira. Masamba ake ndi abwino kwambiri, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mtengo wa phulusa, ngakhale utatentha kwambiri, umawoneka ngati wangothiriridwa - watsopano ndi wonunkhira. Mtundu wakuthwa bwino tsamba umagwirizana bwino ndi mtundu wa mbewuyo.
Kanema wokhudza mtengo wa phulusa wa poyizoni:
Mtundu wa dictamnus umakopa chidwi ndi mtundu wake woyambirira ndi mawonekedwe ake. Maluwa amafika masentimita 2,5, ali ndi utoto wonyezimira kapena woyera. Ziweto zamphongo zimalozedwa, zokhala ndi zokongoletsera ndizabwino, zobiriwira zopepuka, kapena, zochepa, chikaso. Ma inflorescence amafika masentimita makumi awiri kutalika. Zilibe zazikulu, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zokongola mawonekedwe. Zikopa zimawoneka bwino pamatchulidwe, zomwe zimawonjezera maluwa.
Chomera chimakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu lomwe chimatumizidwa ndi icho nthawi ya maluwa. Fungo la phulusa, lonunkhira komanso ngati fungo la zouma zouzika, limadziwika kwambiri, koma lingaoneke ngati lofunika kwambiri kwa ena.
Mitundu yayikulu ya munda yomwe timakhala nayo ndi yapinki kapena yofiira. Maluwa a chomera amakhala oyera kapena ofiira. Kwambiri chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mitsempha yamtundu wakuda, ma pinki a pinki nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mithunzi yosangalatsa komanso yosiyanasiyana. Ndizosatheka kupeza tchire lambiri kapena mtundu womwewo, zomwe zimangowonjezera chidwi cha mundimbawo kuphatikizira tchire la mbewu iyi
Mtengo wa phulusa umayamba mu June, ndipo umakhala kwa mwezi ndi theka. Palinso mitundu yamaluwa yopanda maluwa yomwe imafanana ndi tsinde ndi mtundu wa magnolia. Ndiwofunika kwa anthu omwe sangathe kuyimilira fungo lodabwitsa la maluwa.
Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi
Chodzala chitsamba choyaka moto ndi chithunzi
Dictamnus, pokhala chomera chakupha komanso chakupha, pamafunika kusamala. Zigamulo zofala pankhani ya kufa kapena kuwopsa kwa mbewuyi ndizokokomeza, koma zili ndi zifukwa zina. Pakatha nthawi kuchokera pakumera ndi chomera, kutentha kwamoto kumatha kupanga pakhungu. Ndizowopsa kupumulira fungo la phulusa kwambiri - mafuta ofunikira amatha kuyambitsa kupsa pamtunda wa kupuma. Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta zonse sizimamva mwachangu.
Ndikofunikira ku ndikulitsa, kudulira ndikhathamiritsa mtengo wa phulusa, kuphimba khungu ndi zovala zakuda momwe mungathere. Sizofunikira kubweretsa nkhope pafupi kwambiri ndi mbewu, makamaka nthawi yamaluwa. Ndikwabwino kuteteza manja anu ndi magolovesi, ndipo musaiwale kuti mutatha kulumikizana ndi chomera simungathe kukhudza nkhope ndipo, makamaka, pakani maso anu.
Kufunika kosamalidwa konse kwa dictamnus ndikosowa kwambiri. Ngati mumabzala mbewu moyenera, ndikuipatsanso malo kuti ikule, mutha kudziletsa kuti muchepetse - palibe njira zina zosamalira zomwe zingatenge nthawi yayitali.
Dictamus zinthu zikukula
Ashen ndi wochotseredwa, ndipo mutha kumupezera malo pafupifupi m'munda uliwonse. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikusakudalitsani dothi. Zowonadi, poyambirira dictamnus adakula pamadothi ndi m'miyala, popanda chinyezi chosakwanira komanso michere. Chifukwa chake, dothi lopepuka komanso lotayirira lokhala ndi miyala yamchenga ndilabwino pamtengowo. Mtengo wa phulusa suli wokakamira pankhani yazakudya za m'nthaka. Chomera sichimakonda kuchepa, dothi louma komanso kuthirira kwambiri. Maluwa owala komanso olimba amawoneka panthaka yolimba, kapena panthaka yokhala ndi alkali yambiri.
Mtengo wa phulusa umakonda kuwala, koma kuwala kwake sikungamupweteketse. Osabzale pansi pa mitengo yayikulu, izi zimatha kusokoneza mtundu wa zimayambira komanso momwe mbewuyo imayambira.
Kubzala phulusa
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala ndi yoyambilira masika kapena nthawi yophukira. Pa njirayi, ndibwino kusankha tsiku lamitambo, losatentha. Simungabzale chomera nthawi yotentha - sichidzakhala ndi mizu ndikufa.
Dictamnus m'munda wobzala mwabwinobwino, mutabzala - madzi ambiri. Kuthirira kwambiri kumayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, mpaka zizindikiritso za mbewu zikuwoneka. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungawononge izi.
Mtengo wa phulusa ukazika mizu, nthawi zambiri umangokhala m'malo atsopano. Ngati pali kuwola kwa mizu, izi zikutanthauza kuti kuthirira kwamphamvu kunayimitsidwa mochedwa, kapena chomera sichikuyenera kukhala m'nthaka pamtunda.
Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchokera pamalo obzala chitsamba kupita ku mbewu zapafupi mtunda wa theka la mita ndikusamalidwa. Ndibwino kuti mtundawo ndi wokulirapo - izi zipulumutsa nyakulayo pakufunika kudula chitsamba ndikulola mbewuyo kuti ipange yokha, osasokoneza ma tchire ena.
Chisamaliro cha Dictamnus
Momwe mungasamalire chithunzi cha mtengo wa phulusa
Chomera ndichosavuta kusamalira. Ndi yolimba komanso yolephera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chilala, chifukwa imafuna madzi ochepa ngakhale nthawi yotentha kwambiri. Kupatula ndiye nyengo yamaluwa, ngati zimachitika nyengo yadzuwa. Nthawi zina, phulusa silimafuna kuthirira. Ngakhale mutapanda kuthirira nthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo sadzafa, koma maluwa amatha kusiya.
Kuphatikiza dothi phulusa ndiosankha, ngakhale likukula bwino panthaka yabwino. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale zokwanira alkali wokwanira - mtengo wa phulusa sakonda nthaka yosalowerera. Amapanga bwino feteleza wa alkalizing kamodzi pachaka, kasupe - izi zikwanira. Ndikofunika kuyamba ndi chaka chachitatu cha kutulutsa zitsamba. Ngati dothi losauka kwambiri - mutha kuthira feteleza mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala.
Ngati dictamnus wakula mgulu limodzi ndi mbewu zina, sizifunanso kuti nthaka itulukidwe. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito mulching nthaka, ngakhale kumasula dothi pafupi ndikukula patokha sikofunika. Zomwe zimafunika ndikudulira kwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kudulira kutha kuchitika mwina nthawi iliyonse, posankha wam'munda. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya kukhazikitsidwa kwake ndi koyambirira kwa kasupe, mpaka pakati pa Epulo, kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chisanu chachikulu chisanayambe. Chomera chobzalidwa pamalo opanda malire chimafunikira kudulira.
Momwe dictamnus amabisalira
Palibe njira zoteteza chomera zomwe zimafunikira nthawi yozizira. Mtengo wa phulusa umaloleza nyengo yozizira kwambiri yoyenda pakati popanda malo ena owonjezera kapena zochitika zina.
Phulusa
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta mbewu nthawi zambiri siziwopsezedwa. Chifukwa chachikulu chakusakula bwino kapena kufa kwa mbewu - zolakwika nthawi yobzala. Ngati njirayi yamalizidwa molondola, mbewuyo sikuwonekera paziwopsezo kapena matenda aliwonse. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira zina za prophylactic chithandizo cha mbewu sizimachitika. Kuchepetsa maudzu kulinso kwachilengedwe - zokomera zambiri sizitha "kupha" phulusa.
Momwe mungafalitsire phulusa
Pali mitundu itatu yakufalikira yachikhalidwe ichi - mbewu, kugawanika kwa tchire ndi kufalitsa ndi odulidwa. Pochita izi, njira zonse zitatuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo wolima yekha amasankha yomwe angakonde.
Kukula phulusa kwa mbewu
Phuli pamtengo
Kuberekanso kumachitika ndi mbewu zatsopano zomwe zikumwedwa, nthawi yomweyo mutazipeza, panthaka. Kufesa sikumachitika nthawi yomweyo m'malo osankhako mbewu, koma mumzere wofanana ndi mmera. Zomera zomwe zidawoneka mu nthawi yotsatira masika zimachepetsedwa ndikuzibzala, kenako zimakulitsidwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Akakula, amatha kusamutsidwira kumalo okhazikika. Mu chaka chachitatu, mtengo wa phulusa udaphuka, ndiye kuti mbewuyo sikukwaniritsa ntchito yokongoletsa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Mukafesa mbewu mukangokolola, koma kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kapena masika, zimamera, koma zina zimamera chaka chonse.
Kugawanitsa
Chitsamba chitha kugawidwa mwina kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mpaka pa 20 Meyi, kapena mu Seputembala. Pakulekanitsidwa, muyenera kuyembekezera nyengo yamvula, ndikusankha Delenki yayikulu. Zomera zogaŵanika zimafuna kuthirira kambiri, apo ayi mwina sizingakhalepo mizu. Chitsamba chitakhala kuti mizu, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepera - apo ayi ndikotheka kupangitsa zowola.
Kudula kwa dictamnus
Mphukira zazing'ono, zodulidwa moyenera pamtengowo, zimathanso kuzika mizu m'nthaka. Kuti zodulidwazo zitheke bwino, sikuti kuthirira chokwanira chokhacho ndikofunikira, komanso kukhazikitsa kwa accelerators. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni yotere, kupambana kwa ikamatera pafupifupi kumatsimikizika - mtengo wa phulusa udzazika mizu.
Kumbukirani kuteteza khungu pakanthawi kantchito yonse. Mukamachita zodula sizikhala malo kuteteza maso kuti asadzitulutse, timavala magalasi. Mukamaliza ntchito, sambani manja ndi nkhope yanu bwino, sinthani zovala zakunja. Madzi akalowa m'maso mwanu, muzimutsuka ndi madzi ambiri. Malo omwe khungu limapezamo madziwo limatsukidwa ndi sopo yankho.
Molondola komanso pa nthawi, ntchito yogawa, kudula kapena kubzala mbewu kumatsimikizira bwino - mbewuyo imakula popanda kufunika chisamaliro chapadera kapena kuthira manyowa pafupipafupi, ndipo mchaka chachiwiri chikuyamba kukwaniritsa ntchito yokongoletsa, lachitatu - kukondweretsa diso ndi maluwa okongola komanso atali. Chitsamba chosasinthika - chomera chokongola chowoneka bwino chomwe chili m'munda wamaluwa uliwonse - kukondana ndi wosamalira dimba ndi banja lake.
Dictamnus pakupanga kwapangidwe
Momwe mungabzale chithunzi cha mtengo wa phulusa pabedi la maluwa wokhala ndi peonies ndi phlox
Kugwiritsa ntchito chomerachi popangira zokongoletsera kumasintha. Mtengo wa phulusa udzakwaniritsa mawonekedwe ake ndikuwukongoletsa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito:
- Monga nsangala ya malo patali kwambiri pamunda wamaluwa
- Monga chokongoletsera pabedi lamaluwa.
- Kuti apange maluwa obwereza.
- Mukuphatikizana kulikonse ndi kuchuluka kwa matani a pinki.
- Kuphatikiza magulu a malo.
- Monga maziko azomera zina zamaluwa.
Pokonzekera malo oti adzafike pa dictamnus, munthu ayenera kukumbukira zakumwa zake zoopsa komanso fungo lamphamvu. Simuyenera kubzala mbewu pafupi ndi njira zoyendera, komanso pafupi ndi malo achisangalalo. Ndikwabwino kuyika mtengo wama phulusa mu duwa lakuyandikana, kuti imakondweretsa diso ndi utoto, ndipo fungo lake limamveka pang'onopang'ono, koma kuti kulumikizana mwangozi sikumachotsedwa. Oyandikana ndi phulusa amalolera bwino masana, gypsophila, kermek, geyhera.
Mitundu ya nkhuni za phulusa yofotokozera ndi chithunzi
Mkulu wa ku Caucasian Dictamnus caucasicus
Chithunzi cha Ashen Caucasian ndi kufotokoza
Masamba akulu a pinnate amakhala pamtengo waukulu mpaka masentimita 80. Masamba a Oblong-lanceolate amakhala ndi pubescence pang'ono. Tsinde ili ndi korona wa panicrate kapena mtundu wa inflemose inflorescence wofika masentimita 15. Maluwa amatha kutalika ndi 2,5 masentimita, ali ndi utoto woyera wokhala ndi mitsitsi yakuda kapena utoto wonyezimira wa lilac wokhala ndi mitsitsi yakuda. Maluwa amayamba mu Juni ndipo amatha mpaka masiku 45. Popanda kufalitsa ndi kugawanitsa, tchire silizungulira mpaka zaka 15, koma mikhalidwe ya m'chigawo cha Moscow pafupifupi mbewu sizimamangidwa.
Ash-mtengo holostolbikovy kapena woyatsa moto Dictamnus gymnostylis
Golostolbikovy-phulusa kapena phula losawonongeka la Dictamnus gymnostylis chithunzi cha maluwa
Imakula m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Ukraine ndi Russia, m'mphepete mwa nkhalangoyi komanso pakati pa zitsamba. Osatha kumakula mpaka 40-80 masentimita kutalika, pang'ono pubescent. Masamba a elliptical ndi okwera ndikuwonetsedwa pa maupangiri. The inflorescence ndi mtundu, nthawi zina mantha. Mabuleki a Lanceolate ndi maluwa ali paphewa. Limamasula mu Meyi ndi June.
Shaggy Ash Dictamnus dasycarpus
Chithunzi cha Shaggy Ash-mtengo Dictamnus dasycarpus chithunzi
Imapezeka ku East Asia, Siberia, ndi Far East. Zimayambira 80 cm kapena kupitilira. Gawo lam'munsi la zimayambira poyera, pali kufupika pang'ono. Masamba ali ndi axis komanso kutchulidwa, mawonekedwe owongoka. Inflorescence panicle-racemose kapena mtundu. Maluwa ndi osakhazikika, akulu, 2,5-5 cm mulifupi.
White Ash Dictamnus albus
Chithunzi cha Ash Dictamnus albus
Kugawidwa ku Central ndi Western Europe. Osatha ndi mizu yokonzedwa bwino. M'mwamba mulitali mpaka 90 cm wamtali wokutidwa ndi masamba ofupikira, amtundu wa pubescent wamtundu wakuda wobiriwira. Mantha kapena mtundu wa inflemose inflorescence ndi waukulu, mpaka 20 cm. Maluwa amapezeka mu June-Julayi, ndipo mbewu zimacha mu Ogasiti-Sepemba.
