Kukula ampel lobelia: mitundu, zithunzi za zithunzi

Mutha kukumana ndi lobelia m'mundamo osati nthawi zambiri, chifukwa imangokhala m'malo omwe eni ake amadziwa za kukhalapo kwa woimira banja la belu. Ngakhale lobelia imawoneka yosakongoletsa, nthawi zambiri imawoneka yokongola kwambiri kuposa maluwa achikhalidwe.

Chomera ichi chimakondwera ndi maluwa ake okongola, omwe amalakwitsa mosavuta mabelu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana: ofiira, oyera, abuluu ndi ofiirira. Chifukwa chake, lobelia imawoneka bwino pamtundu uliwonse wamaluwa, malo otetezedwa kapena mawonekedwe amtambo wowoneka bwino.

Pozindikira kuti chilichonse chomwe mungafune chomera chanu patsamba lanu, mutha kuchichita mosavuta komanso kugula malo ogulitsira maluwa omwe ali pafupi mbande zakonzeka. Komabe, mudzakhala osangalala kwambiri ngati mungayese kudzomera izi nokha kuchokera pachigawo choyamba. Ndipo lolani izi kuti zizichita zoyesayesa zazikulu kuchokera kwa inu, koma pamapeto pake sizingakhale pachabe.

Zojambula za maluwa

Mtundu wa lobelia, womwe kwawo ndi ku South Africa, ndi ochulukirapo, komwe kumaphatikizapo pafupifupi mitundu 400. Imakhala ndi udzu ndi zitsamba, komanso zitsamba, mitengo, wobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi mitundu yabwino yazomera.

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya lobelia ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso ochulukirapo. Ndi maluwa ake, lobelia amakongoletsa dziko lapansi nthawi yonse yotentha, kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembara. Itha kumalidwa mumiphika, kupachika maluwa m'miphika kapena maluwa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti duwa ili likufunika kwambiri pakuwunikira komanso chinyezi, chifukwa chodzala ndikofunikira kusankha malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa komwe amakhala kutali ndi mipanda. Pa chisamaliro, ziyenera kuperekedwa ndi kuchuluka kofunikira chinyezi, motero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira kangapo patsiku.

Zomera zamitundu

Mitundu ya lobelia imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana, mwa yomwe mumapezeka mitundu yambiri yosangalatsa: lobelia wofiirira, chokongoletsedwa ndi mabelu ofiira owala, kukwera, womwe umakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ofiirira pazitali zazitali za spiky. Komabe, chitsamba ndi ampel lobelia ndizodziwika kwambiri.

Bush

Mtunduwu wa lobelia nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa, njira, malire, mabedi amaluwa. Nthawi zambiri amabzalidwa limodzi ndi Carnival nemesis ndi gladioli.

Njira yolimbikitsidwa yomwe ikuyenera kuchitika pakakulitsa zitsamba zamitundu ikakhazikika, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga mphukira zatsopano.

Ngakhale zitsamba za lobelia zimaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri, nthawi zambiri m'minda mungapeze Royal Royal mitundu. Potengera zakumbuyo za abale ake, amasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ofiira owala ndi masamba amkuwa. Zosiyanasiyana ndizochepa kukula kwake komanso samakula kuposa 12-15 cm.

Ampelic

Lobelia yamtunduwu idawonekera chifukwa cha kudutsa mitundu ingapo. Chifukwa chakuti ndi gawo lodziwika bwino lomwe, njira yofalitsira imagwiritsidwa ntchito polima.

Nthawi zambiri akamakula kuchokera ku nthangala, michere ya lobelia imabzalidwa m'miphika, yomwe imasungidwa pazenera kapena makhonde. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mbewuyi imakhala yowoneka bwino, ikapachikidwa mumphika khoma.

Kubwezeretsanso kwa maluwa a lobelia

Mwa mitundu ya lobelia, pali ina yomwe, ikafesedwa ndi njere, nthawi zambiri imasunga mawonekedwe awo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chaichi, zimayamwa muudzu - tsinde kudula.

Ndikothekanso kukula duwa kunyumba pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokomera, koma ambiri amayesa kumakulitsa iwo pawokha, zomwe zimawapatsa mwayi wogawana nawo gawo lililonse lakulima.

Kubzala mbewu

Lobelia ndi mbewu yomwe imamera pang'onopang'ono, motero ndikofunikira kusankha nthawi yoyenera kufesa mbewu. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi musanagulitsidwe panja - mu Januware -February. Dziwani kuti muyenera kuthana ndi mbewu zazing'ono kwambiri, motero ndikofunikira kuti musalakwitse ndi kuchuluka kwawo, kuti pakhale kuti palibe minda yolimba kwambiri.

Komabe, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zambiri kuposa zofunika, ndiye kuti vutoli ndi losavuta kuthana. Kuyembekezera zikamera, muyenera kuwonda kwambiriKupereka mbande zabwino m'malo mwake.

Ndikosavuta kufesa nthangala za lobelia ndikutulutsa mano kapena machesi. Kuti mupeze nsonga yake, mutha kusankha bwino kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndikuyisamutsira pachidebe chodzaza ndi dothi lobzala.

• tikulimbikitsidwa kufesa mbewu za lobelia mu dothi lotayirira. Ndikwabwino kutenga dothi losakanikirana lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera kumchenga, lapansi ndi vermiculite. Vermiculite ndi yankho latsopano kwa olimawo, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala ndi kumera bwino kwa mbeu. Itha kuwonjezeredwa ku dothi la nyimbo zosiyanasiyana, momwe zinthu monga peat, lapansi, mchenga, ndi zina;
• wamaluwa ena amawonjezera Epin, womwe ndi madzi enaake omwe amalimbikitsa kukula kwa mbewu, m'nthaka yobzala. Njira zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito Epin - kuwonjezera madzi kuti kuthirira ndi kukonza mbande zachikulire mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa;
• Fesani mbewu panthaka pokhapokha mutathirira mosamala. Mukamaliza kufesa mbewu, muyenera kupewa zochita zomwe zingapangitse kuti nthaka isakanikirane ndi nthanga. Pamaso pa kumera, ayenera kukhala ponyowa. Cellophane ikhoza kukokedwa pamwamba pa thanki yofesa kuti ipereke kutentha kwanyengo;
• mulingo woyenera kumera mbeu ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 18-21. Mu nyengo yofananira kutentha, mbande yoyamba imawonekera pakatha milungu 1-1.5. Koma mpaka apa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira momwe dothi ili kuti liwone zizindikilo zakupangika kwakanthawi. Chochitika chosasangalatsa ichi chitha kupewedwa mwa kufalitsa mbewu pafupipafupi;
• kudikirira kumera kwa mbewu, mutha kuyamba kuthirira mbande, koma mosamala kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito syringe yaying'ono ndi singano. Chifukwa cha ichi, chiwopsezo chovulala kwa mbande zomwe sizinakhwime zimachepetsedwa. Kuti pa nthawi yodzaza ndi malo okhazikika, mbande zimasanduka zitsamba zobiriwira, ndikofunikira kusankha. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewu zingapo zimayikidwa mumiphika uliwonse. Mbewu zikayamba kulimba, zimayamba kuzolowera zachilengedwe, zomwe miphika imazisungunulira pawindo lowoneka bwino.

Chisamaliro cha Lobelia

Duwa ili limamasuka kwambiri m'malo otentha komanso owuma pang'onokomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Kuperewera kwake kumakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha m'mimba, chifukwa chomwe nthawi zina masamba atsopano amaleka kupanga. Zotsatira zabwino za maluwa a lobelia zimaperekedwa ndi kuvala kwapamwamba, komwe kumalimbikitsidwa kuti kuchitike kangapo panthawi ya chisamaliro.

• kovala koyamba pamwamba, monga lamulo, potaziyamu sulfate imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kenako feteleza wazovuta zovuta za lobelia angagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuphatikiza kuvala kwapamwamba ndi kulima ndi kudula;
• Ndikosayenera kusiya lobelia ya dothi pansi nthawi yophukira, chifukwa imatha kufa mosavuta chifukwa cha kuzizira nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukumba mosamala ndikuwuthira mumphika. Kenako imasamutsidwa kumalo abwino komwe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kukhala bwino mpaka nyengo yotsatira;
• Olima ena amagwiritsa ntchito malamba kapena maluwa kuti amalitse maluwa. Potengera izi, zotengera zomwe zili ndi mbewuyo ziyenera kuyikidwa pamalo amdima, zomwe ziyenera kutetezedwa ku kuzizira kozizira.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mudzadzipulumutsa ku zovuta zambiri zomwe wamaluwa omwe amalima lobelia ku mbewu chaka chilichonse amakumana nazo. Anasamutsa bwino lobelia yozizira, monga lamulo, imalowa maluwa mbewu zisanakhalepo ndi nthangala.

Matenda azomera

Mukamatsatira malamulo akukula lobelia, kubzala ndi kusamalira, chithunzichi chiziwonetsa bwino zake zonse zokongoletsa. Koma tiyenera kudziwa kuti zitha kugwidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tina, ngakhale, malinga ndi zina, palibe chilichonse chonga ichi chomwe chingachitike. Koma zomwe wamaluwa wodziwa kulima lobelia akusonyeza, ndipo nthawi zambiri mbewuyi imakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.

Nthawi zambiri, maluwa a lobelia yambani kufooka chifukwa cha matenda monga:

• kuvunda;
• mawanga;
• smut;
• dzimbiri;
• ufa wa powdery, etc.

Zowopsa zimatha kuyambitsa tizirombo tambiriMwachitsanzo, nsabwe za m'masamba, nsikidzi za masamba, ndi zina zotero. Lobelia satha kukula msanga komanso kukula pachimake pakapanda kuthandizidwa ndi chinyezi chofunikira kapena ngati chadzalidwa ndi dzuwa lotentha kwambiri. Potsirizira pake, kuthekera kwa imfa yake ndikokwera kwambiri.

Pomaliza

Kwa nthawi yoyamba nditawona lobelia, ochepa mwa oyambira m'minda oyambira omwe atha kukhala ndi lingaliro loti mbewu iyi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malowa. Komabe, kumbuyo kwayipa uku kwa duwa ndikubisala zokongoletsera zowala, omwe adatha kuthokoza akatswiri ambiri, komanso alimi wamba. Kukulitsa malo otseguka sikovuta kwambiri ngati mutsatira malamulo omwe sagwira ntchito kokha pakukulitsa lobelia, kubzala ndi chisamaliro. Zithunzi za chomera ichi ndizosiyanasiyana kotero kuti sizingatheke kuti wolima mundawo asatenge mwayi wowubzala pamalowo.

Popeza kuti kubzala maluwa kumeneku kumayamba ndi mbande, ndikofunikira kwambiri sankhani mosamala dothi losakaniza. Kupatula apo, zimatengera mphamvu zomwe zing'onozing'ono zimatha kukhala zamphamvu komanso zathanzi, ngakhale thungwe lomweli lalitali lingakule, zomwe zingasangalatse mwini chilimweyo maluwa ambiri.