Pali mbewu zambiri zomwe zimamera bwino popanda kukonzekera. Komabe, palinso mbewu zomwe sizingabzalidwe popanda kukonzekera, kapena nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuchokera nthawi yobzala mpaka mbande yoyamba. Njira yokonzera mbewu musanabzale siyovuta kwambiri, chifukwa, mudzakulitsa kwambiri mphamvu zake zakumera ndipo onetsetsani kuti ntchito yanu siwonongeka.
Kukonzekera mbewu kotereku kumaphatikizapo zochitika zingapo zingapo. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti si onse omwe ali ofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kuti muthe kupeza zotsatira zabwino, ndikwanira kungoyendetsa chochitika chimodzi chotsatira. Ndipo ndi uti ali ndi inu kuti musankhe.
Kuyang'anira Mbewu
Pafupifupi akatswiri onse amawona kukonzekera koteroko kukhala kofunikira. Zotsatira zake, mudzatha kusankha mwachangu mbeu zonse ndikuchotsa zopanda kanthu. Ndipo njirayi idalandira dzina chifukwa chakuti popanga mafakitale pakadali pano mbewu zimapangidwanso kukula.
Kuwerengera mbewu ndikosavuta kuposa momwe kumveka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera njira ya mchere yokwanira magawo asanu, momwe muyenera kumiza mbeu. Yembekezani mphindi 5 mpaka 10, kapena mwinanso pang'ono. Mbewu zathunthu zimayenera kumizidwa m'madzi panthawiyi ndikukhala pansi pa thankiyo, ndipo zomwe zimayandama pamwamba zilibe kanthu.
Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngati mbewuzo sizili zatsopano ndipo zasungidwa kwakanthawi, ndiye kuti njira yowerengera siili yoyenera, chifukwa zimadza zonse zopanda kanthu, zikumera. Ndipo ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mbewu zatsopano zamaluwa zokha ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera.
Kuthira mbewu
Njira monga kuwiritsa nthanga ndizofala kwambiri. Imachitika m'njira ziwiri, monga: kugwiritsa ntchito kapu yamadzi kapena chopukutira. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito madzi kumera, ndiye kuti ayenera kusinthidwa maola 24 aliwonse. Ndipo akatswiri ambiri amati izi zikuyenera kuchitika maola 12 aliwonse. Pakadali pomwe chopukutira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kuonetsetsa kuti chimanyowa nthawi zonse.
Kuthira nthangala kukuthandizani kuti mukhale otsimikiza kuti akumera, chifukwa mudzawabzala kale. Koma apa ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu m'nthawi, pomwe mphukira sinali yayikulu kwambiri. Moyenera, iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi ½ ya kutalika kwa mbewu kutalika. Ngati mphukira ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndiye mukafesa mbewu, mutha kuwononga kwambiri.
Mahomoni ambewu
Kuchepetsa mbewu kumapangitsa mbewu kuti imere msanga. Izi zimakhudzana ndi mfundo yoti muyenera kukhutitsa nthangala ndi mahomoni. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimadziwika ngati zopatsa mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, zabwino kwambiri zimawonedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito muzu, heteroauxin ndi epin. Anthu chifukwa chaichi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu permanganate, boric acid, yankho limodzi la koloko (chakudya), komanso theka la yankho la boric acid. Ndipo nthawi zambiri msuzi wa aloe umagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa mbewu, ndipo njirayi ikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino.
Kuphatikizika kwa mbewu
Njira iyi yodzibzala mbewu zisanadze komanso yambiri ndi yabwino komanso yotchuka. Tanthauzo la chochitika ichi ndikuti muyenera "kupusitsa" mbewuyo, kapena m'malo mwake, muyenera kupanga mwanzeru zochitika zomwe zimakhalako nthawi yachisanu.
Pali njira zingapo zobwerera ndipo imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri ndi yotere. Mufunika mphika wamaluwa kapena chidebe china. Pansi pake muyenera kuyika chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga mu 1: 1.5 chiŵerengero chokhala ndi wosanjikiza. Komanso sphagnum ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku kusakanikirana uku, koma ndiye kuti zida zake zonse zidzafunika kutengedwa magawo ofanana. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, njere zimayenera kugawidwa. Pamwamba pa iwo, gawo lokonzekeralo limayikidwanso, ndipo pamenepo - mbewu ndi zina. Kenako dothi lidzafunika kuthiridwa mokwanira, ndikuyika chidebecho m'thumba la polyethylene. Pambuyo pake, imayenera kuchotsedwa kumalo komwe kumakhala kozizira kokwanira (kuchokera 0 mpaka 5 degrees). Mwachitsanzo, firiji yabwino.
Mbewuzo zikagulitsidwa, muyenera kuwunika mwadongosolo gawo lapansi ndikuwunika momwe mbewuzo “zimaswa”. Mbewu zomwe zikuchitika mwambowu zimawuma kwambiri, ndiye izi sizikhala mwayi waukulu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti defrosting iyenera kuchitidwa yokhayokha kutentha kutentha ndipo chifukwa chake mbewu zisatenthedwe.
Kuchulukitsa kwake kudzachitika motani kutengera mtundu wa mbewu. Chifukwa chake, kwa mbewu zamaluwa zambiri, masabata anayi ndizokwanira. Asanatulutsidwe, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti njere ziwiritsidwe kotero kuti zimatupa. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuchepetsa nthawi yayitali. Ndipo mutha kuphatikiza njirayi ndikuwunika.
Pali mbewu zingapo zomwe zimangofunika chodabwitsachi. Ndipo izi zimagwira, mwachitsanzo: feijoa, tiyi, camellia, komanso ena ambiri. Mukapeza mbewu za mbewu zomwe simukuzidziwa bwino, onetsetsani kuti mukufunsa wogulitsa momwe angazikonzekere musanafesere.
Kuchepetsa mbewu
Njira iyi yokonzera mbewu musanafese, chifukwa kufalikira ndikosowa. Ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu zomwe zimakhala zowonda kwambiri. Monga lamulo, chiwonongeko cha nembanemba yoteteza ndi kutulutsa tumphuka sichichedwa kuchepa, chifukwa ndichifukwa chake kufooka kumapangidwira kuphwanya umphumphu wake.
Kuchepetsa kumachitika zonse zamankhwala ndi zamakina. Njira yoyamba yochitira pokonzekera njirayi ndi yoyenera okhawo amene akudziwa zamaluwa. Ngakhale kuti njirayi imakulolani kuphukitsa ngakhale mbewu zakale kwambiri, ndizovuta kwambiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mwina simungazindikire nthawi yomwe njira zolembera ziyenera kuimitsidwa. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mbewu zambiri pamtundu, ndiye njira iyi ndiyabwino kwa oyamba kumene. Pakuchepa kwa mankhwala, mudzafunika njira ziwiri kapena zitatu za hydrochloric acid (mutha kusintha asidi wa sulfuric). Mbewu imamizidwa mu njirayi, pomwe amasungidwa mpaka chipolopolo chake chimakhala chofewa.
Kupatula kwamakina sikosavuta, komabe muyenera kusamala mukamachita. Mufunika mpeni, fayilo, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe muyenera kuphwanya umphumphu wa malaya ambewu. Mchenga wowuma ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochita izi (mbewuzo zimapangidwa pansi palimodzi naye). Njira yakukonzekerayi ndiyothandiza pambewu za nthochi, madeti ndi canna.
Mavalidwe ambewu
Kuvala kumatha kuteteza njere ndipo zikumera zimatuluka kuchokera ku matenda ambiri. Izi zimachitika makamaka mbuto zikafesedwedwa padera. Pali mbewu zogulitsa zomwe zimasankhidwa kale ndipo, monga lamulo, zimapakidwa utoto monga buluu, pinki, red ndi zina. Ngati munagula mbewu zosafikiridwa, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuyikidwa mu pinkan yankho la manganese potaziyamu kapena fungus ina iliyonse kwakanthawi (osachepera theka la ola).
Nazi njira zofunika kwambiri pakukonzera mbewu musanabzale, zomwe zingakhale zokwanira woyamba kubzala. Komabe, pali njira zina, mwachitsanzo, monga: kuzizira, kuwunda, matalala ndi zina.
