Kubzala ma conifera omwe agulidwa mumbale

Kugula conifers mumzumba m'malo ndi mizu yotseguka nthawi zonse kumakondedwa. Monga zitsamba zina zokongoletsera kapena mitengo, ma conifers, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa, bwino muzika mizu ndikukula mwachangu. Palibe chovuta pokubzala mbande zotere, komabe muyenera kutsatira malamulo onse okonzera malo obzala ndi chisamaliro chachikulu cha mbewu.

Cypress mumipanda.

Ubwino wa mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa pogula conifers

Mitundu iliyonse yokongoletsa yamitengo ndi mitengo, lamulo la golidi likuti: monga mtengo wobzala, mbewu zokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa ndizabwino nthawi zonse. Ndipo ma conifine nawonso amachita izi. Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu pazomera zogulira mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotseguka (kuchokera chotsekedwa) chimasiyana kangapo. Ndipo pali zifukwa zambiri za izi. Koma chofunikira kwambiri - pamlingo wowonongeka pamizu yazomera.

Zomera zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimalimidwa m'minda yamaluwa ndi nazale zimavulala ndi mizu ikakula, kuthira pansi ndikusunthira. Mbeu kapena mbande zokhazikitsidwa zikakhazikika, ndiye kuti mbewu zimataya kotala mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mizu. Kenako, pamene ma conifers achicheperewo akaikidwa kuti akule, amakhalanso otaya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mizu. Ndipo ngati mbewuzo sizinakulidwe mumipando, ndiye kuti mutabzala komanso malo okhazikika, kukumba ndi mayendedwe kumakhudza zoposa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mizu yonse. Mukadzala mumtsuko, zowonongeka zonsezi zimachepetsedwa. Chifukwa chosungidwa ndi mizu yaying'ono yazotumphukira komanso "malo" patali ndi unyamata, mbewu zimadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu komanso kulimba, sizikhala ndi vuto la kuchepa komanso nthawi zonse limakula mwachangu.

Ubwino wofunikira wa mbande zachidebe ndikuwonjezera nthawi yakubzala mpaka malire. Mosiyana ndi kubzala zinthu zokhala ndi mizu yotseguka, mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa ingabzalidwe osati mu nthawi ya masika kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi Seputembara, koma mchaka chonse, kupatula nthawi ya dothi lozizira kwa mbewu zazing'anga. Ngakhale chilimwe sichimasiyananso ngati mutha kukonzekera chisamaliro choyenera cha mbewu. Koma nthawi yoyenera kubzala, ngakhale ma conifers mumbale, ndi Meyi-Juni kapena Ogasiti-Seputembala, nthawi ya kukula kwambiri kwa mizu.

Mbewu zathanzi ndiye maziko a chilichonse

Monga momwe mugulira chomera chilichonse, momwe mungayankhire moyenera kusankha mbande zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopambana. Koma ndi conifers, chidwi ndi kusinkhasinkha ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa, kupatula zomwe zimasowa, ma conifers ndi gawo limodzi lamagulu odula kwambiri pakati pa kubzala, ndipo zolakwa ndi kusankha kwawo nthawi zonse kumabweretsa kutayika kwa gawo lalikulu la bajeti.

Ngati pali zinthu zambiri komanso zizindikilo zomwe muyenera kumvetsera mukamagula mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka, ndiye kuti ma conifers okhwima mumtsuko, malamulo osankhidwa ndi osavuta. Pobzala mbiya mumatengera kuti mbewu zomwe sizimakumbidwa ndi dothi lapansi, koma mbewu zobzalidwa m'mapulasitiki (kapena zikwama zapulasitiki zatsopano zomwe amazisintha).

Mfundo zoyambira kugula mbande zokulira mu zotengera:

1. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'anitsitsa dothi lenilenilo ndikuunikira kukula kwake. Nthaka sayenera kukhala yopanda malire komanso yopepuka, komanso yothina kwambiri. Kukula mu peat m'malo mwa gawo lapansi ndizomwe zimachitika kuti mbewu zizilowetsedwa kunja. Koma pokhapokha ngati nyengo ya nazale singafanane ndi dera lanu, kugula koteroko sikungatheke kukhala chilichonse chabwino: Zomera zomwe zidakulidwa m'dera lanu kapena zomwe zili zofananira nthawi zonse zimasankhidwa. Pamwamba panthaka sipayenera kukhala zizindikiro zakubowola kapena nkhungu, ndipo miyeso ya chidebe ndi matope a dothi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri, motere: pamalo oyenera kwambiri, kutalika kwa chidebe ndi m'mimba mwake kuyenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa korona.
2. Kuuma kapena kuthirira kwamadzi, kuchepa kwa gawo lapansi ndiko chifukwa chokana kugula chomera chofunikira kwambiri. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, ma conifers azitsulo ayenera kulandira kuthirira pafupipafupi, kosanjidwa ndi kayendedwe ka kuyimitsa nthaka. Zizindikiro zilizonse za chilala kapena kusefukira zikuwonetsa kuti mtengowo sunalandiridwe chisamaliro choyenera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sunakule bwino, ungavutike ndi kufalikira kwa zowola pamizu, ndi zina zambiri.
3. Onani momwe chomera “chokhazikika” m'nthaka: kuchotsera pansi ndi mizu kuchokera pansi, kutsanulira kwa gawo lapansi kungatanthauze kuti mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotseguka zimangophimbidwa ndi gawo lapansi kuti muwonjezere mtengo. Kaya mbewuyo idakulitsidwa mchombo ndikuwonekeranso kupezeka kwa moss.
4. Onetsetsani kuti mizu yayikulu ya mbeuyo siyimatuluka m'miyeso, ndimizu yaying'ono yokha yomwe imawonetsedwa.
5. Yenderani nthambi ndikuwona ngati ili yotani - kuti ikhale yosinthasintha, kusapezeka kwa kutopa kapena kuwongolera, kuvulala, kuwonongeka kwa nkhuni kapena khungwa.
6. Yenderani singano. Amayenera kuwoneka bwino - waukhondo, wowoneka bwino, watsopano. Nthawi yomweyo musalole kugula mbewu zomwe singano zimawoneka ngati zazingwe kapena zosalala, zonyezimira, zosafunikira. Mu mbande zachidebe, masingano akuyenera kuwoneka abwino mosatengera nthawi yogula.
7. Yang'anani mosamalitsa tizirombo kapena matenda ndi kuwongolera, kuphatikiza zotsalira kuchokera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena mankhwala, fungo lokayikitsa, ndi zina zambiri.

Pogula, ndikofunika kusamalira osati chomera chokha, koma osati ulesi kwambiri kuti mufotokozere mbali zonse zofunika pankhani yazikhalidwe ndiukadaulo waulimi. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana ndi wogulitsa dzina lonse la mitundu ndi mitundu, kuyatsa, mawonekedwe a nthaka, zina zina zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikuwonedwe polimidwa. Musanadzale ma conifers, yang'anani malingaliro anu ndikudzifotokozera nokha zonse zofunikira pankhani ya chisamaliro komanso zofunikira. Njira zodziwonera payekha komanso kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane sizofunikira kwenikweni kuposa kutsatira malamulo wamba.

Kukonzekera koyambirira sikufunika kokha m'nthaka

Dothi pamalo obzala ma conifers nthawi zonse limakonzedwa pasadakhale. Nthawi yokwanira ndi mwezi umodzi asanatenge, osachepera sabata 1. Nthaka imakumbidwa, ndikuchotsa miyala ndi mizu, ngati pakufunika kutero, ikukonzedwa, ndikusintha momwe zimayambira, ndikuyambitsa feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere kapena kukonzekera kwapadera kwa conifers.

Ndikofunika kuyamba ndikuwunika momwe nthaka ikudaliridwira: chifukwa ma conifers, mosapatula, nthaka zoyendetsedwa zimakondedwa, momwe ngozi ya madzi ikasayikidwa. Ngati chinyezi chikuwonjezeka kapena ngati pali ngozi yotumphuka madzi kasupe, dothi limakhala lonyowa kapena lonyowa, ngalande zonyamula madzi ziyenera kutengedwa pasadakhale.

Zakudya zadothi zokwanira sizofunikira kwa onse odziyanasiyana. Thuja, microbiota, spruce, fir ndi yew ndi mitundu yomwe imakonda dothi lachonde, koma larch, paini, juniper limayamba kukhala bwino pakati kapena dothi lopanda michere. Ndipo kapangidwe ka dothi la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya conifers kuyenera kukhala kosiyana. Ma junipers, paini ndi larch amafunika dothi lokhala ndi mchenga kapena miyala yamchenga. Spruce, yew ndi fir amakula bwino pa loam.

Patsamba lobzala mtsogolo, kukumba maenje okufikira, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumadalira kufunika kuyala ngalande ndi kuchuluka kwa mizu yomwe. Ngati chomera cholumikizira, dzenjelo iyenera pang'ono, kutalika kwa 10-20 masentimita, kupitirira ziwiya zambiri. Kuzama kumachulukitsidwa ndi 10-25 masentimita, kutengera mtundu wa ngalawo zomwe zakonzedwa. Asanabzale, maenje okufikira amakhala ndi madzi: tsiku kapena awiri asanabzalidwe, madzi amathiridwa m'malowo (zidebe za 1-2), mwanjira yowonjezera kuwonjezera kukonzekereratu kuti apange mizu.

Kuchotsa mmera pachidebe sichinthu chovuta nthawi zonse. Kwa maola 10-12 musanabzale, mtengowo umathiriridwa madzi ambiri, kapena kwa maola angapo musanabzike, chidebecho chimamizidwa m'madzi kuti chitha kuzaza matope. Njira yabwino ndikubzala mmera limodzi ndi mtanda wonse. Finyani zinthuzo m'mbali mwake, kenako ndikumangika pang'ono pansi pa thunthu kapena mphukira, sinthani chidebecho ndikulola mbewuyo kuti "ituluke". Mutha kukoka chomera ndi chisoti chachifumu, muyenera kungachigwira bwino. Ngati simungathe kutulutsa chomera, mutha kuchipaka pansi, ndikugwedeza, makamaka, ngati chidebecho chilibe phindu, ndiye kuti chimatha kudulidwa nthawi zonse.

Chotumphukira mbande zokhala ndi mbande nthawi zonse chimakhala chokhazikika. Nthaka yaulere ndikosayenera kuchotsa, ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti ndizambiri zake. Kulumikizana ndi mizu, makamaka kwambiri kuti amasulidwe ku dothi, kuchapa kapena kuthyoka, ndi bwino kupewedwa.

Ngati munagula zinthu zofunikira kubzala komanso mbeu zakula mu peat coma yokhala ndi feteleza wambiri, ndiye musanabzale mbewuyo imayenera kumasulidwa pamtengowo. Kuchotsa kwa dothi sikovomerezeka ndi njira iyi, peat imatayidwa mosiyanasiyana:

1. Madzi ambiri amathiridwa kudzenje ndikutsanulira dothi.
2. Thumba la peat nthawi zambiri limadzipatula, koma ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti zimatsukidwa pang'ono ndi mtsinje wamadzi wofatsa.

Mbewuzo zidadyedwa ndi ma buluu mumbale.

Njira yodzala mbande zam'madzi m'mbale ndi yosavuta kuposa kubzala mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka:

1. Pansi pa dzenje lobzala, ngalande imayikidwa kapena dothi laling'ono limathiridwa, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mbewuyo ikhale yolimba.
2. Zomera zimayikidwa mu dzenje lobzala limodzi ndi mtanda wonse, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ziyikika molingana, popanda kusefedwa. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa, chotupa chadothi chimakhala "chikuyenda" pang'ono, ndikuphwanya kukhazikika kwake, ndikubwezeretsanso kupatsanso mpweya ndikulola mizu kuti ipite pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
3. Mukabzala mbande, muyenera kuwunika mosamala kuti mulingo wolowera m'nthaka umakhalabe chimodzimodzi kwa mbewu. Pambuyo khazikitsa mu ikamatera dzenje, kumizidwa kuya amasinthidwa kukumbukira m'tsogolo shrinkage (kuchokera 4 mpaka 7 cm, kutengera kapangidwe dothi). Khosi la mizu ya conifers sayenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi.
4. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa mbewu, dzenje lobzala limadzaza ndi gawo lapansi, pang'onopang'ono ndikulikongoletsa.
5. Ma voids atangodzaza, dothi lozungulira chomera limayenda m'mphepete mwa dzenje lobzala, pang'onopang'ono molowera muzu.
6. Kuzungulira dzenjelo tengani bwalo lozungulira kapena dzenje.
7. Kuthirira kwambiri kumachitika, ndikukhathamiritsa nthaka yatsopano ndi madzi ndi "kusanja" chinyezi chake ndi chinyezi cha dothi louma.
8. Mukathirira, bowo limadzaza, ngati kuli kotheka, mulingo wa dothi umakunguliridwa, ngati sikunapangidwe bwino.
9. Ndikofunika kuti mulch nthaka mutabzala mmera. Peat, manyowa kapena kompositi, komanso zinthu zosavuta ngati masamba, utuchi, udzu ndi zabwino kwa chilichonse chobzala. Ngati muli ndi mwayi, gwiritsani ntchito singano za mulching.
10. Mukabzala mbande zazitali kapena chitsa chofiyira, malo okhazikika azomera azikongoletsa ndi garter kuthandizira kapena kukulitsa m'mphepete mwa dzenje.

Kusamalira Zomera

Mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka nthawi zambiri imazika mizu mwachangu, motero, imayamba kumera kale. Samafunikira chisamaliro mosamalitsa monga mbewu zobzalidwa zopanda mizu.

M'malo mwake, kusamalira ma conifers oterowo kumatsikira kuti kumwetsa. Pofuna kusungitsa chinyezi chadothi, kuthirira kambiri kumachitika kwa ana achinyamata osati mutabzala, koma chaka chonse choyamba pambuyo pa masabata atatu aliwonse (pakakhala kuti palibe mvula). Pankhaniyi, munthu ayenera kuchita zinthu mosamala, osaletsa madzi kuti asadutse pakamwa pa nthawi yothirira, kapena kuthinana chifukwa chogawa madzi mosayenera. Kutsirira kutha kuchitika monga momwe zimakhalira (pang'onopang'ono komanso molondola), ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira zina - kuchokera kukadulira dontho mpaka kuthirira poyambira patali pafupifupi 1 mita kuchokera pachomera. Kwa mbewu zazikuluzikulu ndi mbewu zokhala ndi korona wandiweyani pamasiku otentha kwambiri, ndibwino kupopera.

Zovala zolimbitsa thupi mchaka choyamba mutabzala zitha kusiyidwa, kupatula pazomera zomwe mudalandira malingaliro ena mukamagula. Feteleza zimangoyambitsidwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa chaka chamawa ndikuzipanga pafupipafupi, pachaka. Ngati dothi ndi labwino komanso labwino kwambiri, mutha kuchita popanda kuthira feteleza chaka chachitatu chisanayambe. Pazomera zazikulu-zazikulu ndipo mutabzala, zimadyetsedwa ndi zopitilira muyeso ndi zotungira mizu.

Kwa mitundu yamtundu wotentha, wokonda kuyaka, mukabzala, ndibwino kuti mudziteteze nthawi yomweyo ndikuwunikira zida zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphimba korona kuti mutetezedwe ku nthawi yozizira ndi dzuwa latentha. Mukabzala m'chilimwe, shading ndi pogona ndizofunikira mu chaka choyamba, koma ziyenera kuphatikizidwanso ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa korona tsiku ndi tsiku.

Thuja mbande mumbale.

Kutetezedwa kwa nyengo yozizira ndi gawo lovomerezedwa osati pamsewu wapakati, komanso nyengo yabwino. Zozungulira mitengo yamatanda imateteza ndi mulch wosanjikiza: kuyambira utuchi, singano za paini, ndikofunikira kupanga gawo lotenthetsera mpaka kutalika kwa 15 mpaka 15 cm. Mutha kuphimba bwalo lozungulira ndi nthambi za spruce. Mukakhala ndi korona wofalikira komanso mphukira zosalimba, ndibwino kuphatikiza nthambi, kuziteteza kuti zisaphulike. Korona amakulungidwa ndi spanbond kapena zinthu zina zophimba, kukonza kuti zikhale zotetezeka.