Kusamalira koyenera kwa stapel kunyumba

Stapelia ndichikhalidwe chosatha. Ndi wa banja la a Gusset. Ndizabwino kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, stapelia ndiofala kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa Africa. Imakula m'malo otsetsereka kumapiri komanso pafupi ndi dziwe. Chifukwa cha maluwa okongola ooneka ngati nyenyezi, mmera nthawi zambiri imakhala yolima m'nyumba. Tikambirana za chisamaliro chanyumba kunyumba m'nkhaniyi.

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha stapelia

Mbewuyi idatchedwa ngaka ya Datchi Van Stapel. Zinachitika kale m'zaka za zana la 17. Kuyambira pamenepo, mbewuyo idayamba kutchuka.

Komwe mbewuyo imabadwira ku Africa. Kuchokera pamenepo idayamba pazenera la dziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa cha ntchito yobereketsa, mitundu yatsopano yachilendo ya slipway idadulidwa.

Chikhalidwe chikuyimiriridwa ndi phesi lanyama. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi nkhope zinayi, zochepa nthawi zambiri. Maluwa oyambirira amakhala m'munsi mwa mphukira pamiyala.

Nthawi yomweyo amasiyana fungo losasangalatsa kwambiri, lomwe limawuluka mwachikondi. Sikuti aliyense angachotse.

"Duwa lokongola kwambiri komanso lalikulu kwambiri," anatero Goethe wapamwamba kwambiri panjira yotsekera.

Zomera zachilendo zachilendo Stapelia:

Mitundu

Mwa mitundu yodziwika kwambiri komanso yachilendo yomwe imalimidwa padziko lonse lapansi, mitundu yotsatirayi imasiyanitsidwa.

Variegated (S. Variegata)

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chikhalidwe chosangalatsa. Amadziwikanso kuti motley orbey. Kutalika kwa mbewuzi nthawi zambiri kumapitirira 10 cm.

M'munsi mwa mphukira zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi pinkish tinge, maluwa akuluakulu amapezeka. Mwakachetechete, ma corollas awo amafika pafupifupi masentimita 10. Ma petals ali ndi mawonekedwe a makona atatu. Maluwa amachitika nthawi yotentha.

Stapelia tasgata

Giant (S. Gigantea)

Ichi ndi chinanso chosatha. Kutalika kwa mphukira sikupita masentimita 20. Maluwa akuluakulu amakula pamtunda wamtali (corolla imatha kufika 35 cm).

Mapainiwo ndi amitundu-itatu. Pamaso pawo pali yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali. Maluwa akuluakulu a stapelia alibe fungo losasangalatsa.

Stapelia gigantea

Grandiflora kapena Grandiflora (S. Grandiflora)

Uku ndikosatha kosatha. Pa mphukira ndi m'mphepete mwake pamakhala mipiringidzo pang'ono. Ma corollas a maluwa a grandiflora wokhala ndi maluwa akulu, omwe amakhala m'munsi mwa mphukira, amafika pafupifupi 16 cm.

Duwa ili ndi miyala ya lanceolate. M'mphepete mwa miyala yankhomayo mumakhala timtambo tofiirira, komanso pafupi ndi pakati - pofiirira. Maluwa amatenga nthawi yachilimwe. Maluwa amakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa kwambiri, lomwe limatikumbutsa kununkhira kwa nyama yowola.

Stapelia grandiflora

Ferruginous (S. Glanduliflora)

Uwu ndi mtundu wina wonyengerera. Ndi chikhalidwe chosatha. Mapulogalamu olondola amakula mpaka 15 cm.

Maluwa okongola owala achikasu okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timapindika timamera pang'ono pamtunda wokhazikika. Dziwe lawo silidutsa masentimita 5. M'mphepete mwa miyala iyi mumakhala villi yoyera.

Stapelia glanduliflora

Golden Magenta (S. Flavo-purpurea)

Chikhalidwe chosatha ichi chimakhala ndi fungo labwino la maluwa. Zili pamtunda wa mphukira zowongoka, kutalika kwake sikupitirira 10 cm.

Mbale zopindika za Bare zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu komanso mtundu wobiriwira wokhala ndi mtundu wachikasu. Pakati pa duwa ndi loyera ndi tsitsi lalitali la pinki.

Stapelia flavo-Purpurea

Kusamalira Panyumba

Chikhalidwe chimakhala chosasamala posamalira. Kukula modabwitsa komanso kuphukira kwa poyambira ngakhale maluwa.

Nthawi yomweyo, kuti mukule wathanzi komanso kukula koyenera, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana zinthu zingapo posamalira chomera.

Chinyezi ndi kuthirira

Panyengo yachilimwe komanso nyengo yachilimwe, kuthirira kumafunika moyenera. Pakati pa kuthirira, dothi lapamwamba liyenera kupukuta.

Ndi isanayambike nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kuti muchepe, komanso nthawi yachisanu kuti achepetse mpaka pang'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, mphukira siziyenera kukhala zokwakwinyika.

Mphamvu yothirira nthawi yozizira imakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya komwe mbewuyo imabisala. Kutentha kwambiri panyengo yachisanu, nthawi zambiri kumalimbikitsidwa kuthirira cactus.

Chinyezi sichofunikira kwambiri pachikhalidwe, icho amalekerera mpweya wouma bwino.

Chomera chimafuna kuthirira pang'ono, sichimazungulira chinyezi

Kutentha ndi kuyatsa

Kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, amafunika kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 23-25. Nyengo isanayambe, kutentha kumayenera kutsitsidwa mpaka madigiri 15. Chifukwa chake chikhalidwe chimayamba kukonzekera nthawi yachisanu.

M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga chikhalidwecho pamtunda wa madigiri 15, koma osatsika kuposa 12 degrees. Kutsika kwakatentha kumatha kubweretsa imfa panjira.

Stapelia imakonda kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana. Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikukuopsa kokha nthawi yam'dzinja-yozizira.

M'chilimwe, mapangidwe akuwotcha pa mphukira amatha. Chifukwa chake, chilimwe, duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuti lizisungidwa pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa.

M'nyengo yotentha, chikhalidwe makamaka kunjaku. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuti nthawi yotentha masana dzuwa lowala siligwera pamaluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, simuyenera kuchita chomera.

Ndi chiyambi cha masika, ndikofunikira kuzolowera chikhalidwecho kuunika kwa dzuwa pang'onopang'ono kupewa kupewa kuwotcha.

Zosangalatsa zimakonda kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizikhala pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Kudzala cactus nthaka ya pakati komanso yamchenga yofunika. Mutha kuthira gawo lapansi lomwe lakonzedwa, lomwe limapangidwira zokomera zabwino. Izi zitha kugulidwa pa malo ogulitsa maluwa.

Mutha kukonzanso gawo lapansi. Pamafunika zigawo zotsatirazi (zotengedwa mu 2: 1):

• dziko la turf;
• mchenga wokhala ndi zokuzira zazikulu.

Feteleza amalimbikitsidwa mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, chikhalidwe sichimafunikira zakudya zina zowonjezera.

Monga kuvala kwapamwamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera opangidwira zokomera ndi cacti. Ndikwabwino kudyetsa pang'onopang'ono ndi feteleza wa potashi, popeza izi zimathandizira kukana matenda.

Tizilombo ta matenda ndi maluwa

Mwambiri Chikhalidwe chimaletsa matenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, chisamaliro chosayenera chimatha kubweretsa chitukuko.

Kuthirira kwamadzi chomera nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa matenda. Zimatha kubowola mizu, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa pakufa kwa duwa.

Zambiri komanso tizirombo ndi:

• nsabwe za m'masamba;
• kangaude;
• mealybug;
• chishango chaching'ono;
• mbozi ndi aulesi.

Tizilombo ta Cactus: nsabwe za m'madzi, mavuvu, nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tambiri, mbozi ndi mavu

Choyamba muyenera kutengera tizirombo pamanja. Izi ndizowona makamaka ku mitundu yonse ya mbozi ndi mavuu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudula mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa, ndikuchiza mbewuyo ndi yankho la sopo.

Ngati izi sizithandiza, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ("Aktara", "Fitoverm", "Aktellik" ndi ena).

Mealybug nthawi zambiri imayambitsa mizu ya stapelia, kotero imatha kupezeka pakubzala. Mizu yomwe ikukhudzidwa imawonongeka, ndipo mbewuyo imayikidwa m'nthaka yatsopano ndi mumphika watsopano.

Cactus kuswana

Pali njira ziwiri zokulitsira mbewu: mbewu ndi zamasamba (kudula).

Mbewu za mbewu zimamangidwa bwino, pomwe kucha kwake kumatenga pafupifupi chaka.

Momwe mungafalitsire nthangala za stapelia:

• pofesa mbewu gwiritsirani ntchito gawo lamchenga;
• ngati mbewu zake ndi zatsopano, ndiye kuti mbande zoyambirira zitha kupezeka mwezi umodzi;
• mbande zimbira m'mbale zokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 6cm;
• patatha chaka chimodzi, mbande zimakhazikikanso mumipanda yatsopano, m'mimba mwake momwe mulifupi masentimita angapo.

Pofalitsa ndi odulidwa, muyenera:

• kudula kumadulidwa ku mphukira zakale;
• musanadzalemo zodulira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziume;
• gawo laling'ono liyenera kukhala ndi mchenga wokhala ndi granules zazikulu ndikuphatikizira peat;
• mutazika mizu, mbande ziyenera kuziika mu zidebe zomwe ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 7 cm.

Kufalitsa kumatheka ndi mbewu ndi kudula

Thirani

Mitundu ya achinyamata ikulimbikitsidwa kuti izitha kusinthidwa chaka chilichonse, ndipo akuluakulu - zaka ziwiri zilizonse kapena zitatu.

Ndikofunika kuchita ndikusintha mu kasupe. Zomera zakale, mphukira zapakati zimachotsedwa, chifukwa mphukira zotere sizikupangika.

Kuti muthawe muyenera:

1. Konzani miphika yosaya.
2. Pansi pa thanki muyenera kupanga mawonekedwe abwino okhala.
3. Ikani mbewuzo mumiphika ndikuphimba ndi dothi latsopano.
4. Osamamwa madzi kwa sabata limodzi.

Mavuto okula

Nthawi zambiri, eni zachikhalidwe amakumana ndi vuto - stapelia sichimachita maluwa. Pali zifukwa zingapo:

• nthawi yozizira imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Zomera ziyenera kuzizira nyengo yozizira pafupifupi 15;
• kuthirira kwambiri. M'chilimwe ndi masika, kuthirira mbewu kumafunikira ngati dothi louma, ndipo kumapeto, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. M'miyezi yozizira mpaka mwezi waFebruary, kuyenda panjira sikungamwe madzi konse;
• feteleza wambiri wa nayitrogeni;
• kusowa kwa kuwala;
• dothi losalondola. Pothamangitsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka pang'ono kapena yapakatikati ya asidi, yopangidwa ndi turf ndi mchenga.

Chinyezi chambiri komanso kufa kwa chitseko:

Palinso mavuto ena:

• nsapato zofiirira - izi ndizowotcha dzuwa. Zomera ziyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa;
• ngati mphukirazo zimakhala zoonda komanso zotuwa, ndiye chifukwa chake kuthilira kwakukulu kwa mbewu.

Mwanjira imeneyi stapelia - choyambirira komanso chokongola, chodziwika ndi fungo losasangalatsa kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, olima maluwa akupitiliza kukulitsa chikhalidwe chapadera ichi chomwe chili ndi maluwa akuluakulu mawonekedwe a nyenyezi.

Stapelia - wodzala mbewukuti safuna kuthirira okwanira.