Pakakulitsa chrysanthemums kuchokera ku mbewu, kutayika kwa mawonekedwe awo amitundu kumadziwika. Njira yodalirika yoperekera mitundu yamtengo wapatali pamiyeso yambiri imayesedwa kuti ndiyidula. Njira iyi ndi mtundu wa zomeretsa. Chrysanthemum yaku Korea, yotchuka m'zaka zaposachedwa, nthawi zina imafalitsidwa pogawa chitsamba. Komanso, kuchuluka kwake kwa kubereka kumakhala kotsika kwambiri. Zidutswa za chrysanthemums zamtunduwu zimazika mizu mosavuta ndikusunga mitundu yonse yazomwe zimagwidwa koyambirira. Chifukwa cha njirayi, mitundu yosangalatsa iliyonse imatha kufalitsidwa mwachangu.
Kudula "koyambirira" ndizomwe zimabadwa nthawi yozizira (Januware -February) ndi maola ofupikira masana. Mizu yake imakhala mwezi umodzi. "Mochedwa" kudula komwe kumapezeka mu Epulo-Meyi kumayambira mu masabata 1-2.
Zambiri pofalitsa ma chrysanthemums ndi odulidwa
Zomwe mizu yake idulira ndi kukula kwa maluwa ili ndi zinthu zina:
- Zomera zazing'onozing'ono zimamera msanga kwambiri kuposa maluwa akulu akulu;
- mitundu yomwe minyewa yolimba ndi yopanda mizu imamera kwambiri;
- Zomera zomwezo, zomwe zimakula kuyambira "koyambirira" ndi "mochedwa", ndikulowa nthawi yamaluwa nthawi imodzi;
- kuthekera kwa zodulidwayo kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa chomera (kutalika kwambiri kumakula kuchokera kumphepo "koyambirira").
Momwe mungafalitsire chrysanthemum kudula?
Ntchito yofalitsira chrysanthemums imayamba ndikusankha mbewu zabwino kwambiri zachikulire, zotchedwa mayi.
M'dzinja, sankhani tchire labwinobwino ndi inflorescence yabwino. Sayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro za matenda kapena tizirombo. Mapeto a maluwa, zakumwa za amayi zimakumbidwa mu greenhouse kapena kuziyika m'mabokosi. Tchire la Chrysanthemum timatsalira pamalo ozizira, otetezedwa ku chinyezi chambiri. Zosungidwa zawo, malo otsekedwa, ma verandas kapena zowala zowala ndizoyenera. Malo osungirako maselo a mfumukazi amatengera kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira. Zoyenera panthawi ya physological dormancy ya chrysanthemums zili mumtunda wa 3-5 ° C. Lamulo lalikulu la kutetezedwa kwawo bwino ndikuti maluwawo sayenera kutenthedwa ndi 1 ° C.
Kuti tipeze mbewu zazing'ono zokhala ndi maluwa abwino, ndikofunikira kusintha maselo a mfumukazi. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewu zimasungidwa muzipinda za kutentha kwa 1-4 ° C kwa masabata 3-4. Kusowa kwa njirayi nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuti mitundu ina ya ma chrysanthemums samachita maluwa.
Kuti mupeze zofunikira kubzala, mbewu za chiberekero zimasinthidwa kuchipinda chofunda, chowunikira ndikuthilira madzi nthawi zonse. Pakupita masiku angapo, masamba okonzanso adzuka pamizu yawo. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwa mizu kumayamba kukula kuchokera ku mowa wa mayi. Kuchita bwino kwa zodulidwa kumadalira kwathunthu kuchuluka kwa kukula kwatsopano. Kuti mupeze mbewu zokwanira, maselo a mfumukazi amayamba kukonzekera kudula mu February. Nthawi zambiri, njirayi imachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe.
Zodulidwa zokha zomwe zimakula kuchokera muzu ndizoyenera kudula. Ichi ndichifukwa chake "hemp" aliyense, yemwe ali ndi maluwa opendekeka ayenera kudulidwa. Popeza kuphukira kwa mizu kumakonda kukhala kosagwirizana, ndi ochepa maselo a mfumukazi, ndizovuta kupeza nyama zazing'ono zamsinkhu womwewo. Kuti athane ndi vutoli, zodulidwazo zimasungidwa mu dothi lonyowa mufiriji (pansi paketi) pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Mukalandira chiwerengero chokwanira chodulidwa chitulukireni muzu wawo.
Kodi kudula chrysanthemums?
Mphukira imadulidwa ndi mpeni pansi pa tsamba mutapangidwa ma cell awiri kwa 2-3. Zomwe zimadulidwa zimabzalidwa m'mabokosi kapena miphika yotsika ndi chonde chokhala ndi gawo limodzi losaloledwa. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku dothi lachonde, humus ndi mchenga, omwe amatengedwa mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 0.5. Kukula kwa gawo lapansi kukuyenera kukhala masentimita 3-4. Mchenga wowerengeka umathiridwa pamwamba pake. Danga lake liyenera kukhala masentimita 2-2.5 Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha mchenga wamtambo ndi wowondera pang'ono poyerekeza 1: 1. Gawo ili laling'ono limakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kupuma.
Kuti muzika mizu mwachangu, iwo amathandizidwa ndi yankho la mizu. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala "Kornevin" kapena alpha-naphthylacetic acid (NAA).
Zodulidwa zimayikidwa mu gawo lapansi mpaka akuya masentimita 2,5 mpaka 2003. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mizu yodula mizu ndi 18-20 ° C. Mchipinda chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzika mizu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi microclimate. Kuti muchite izi, "utoto" umapangidwa pa thanki kuchokera pa filimu ya polyethylene yomwe imapereka chinyezi chofunikira.
Kukula
Chisamaliro cha kudula kumakhala kupopera mbewu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kutsirira nthawi zonse. Kukula bwino kwamasamba kukuwoneka ndi kukula kwa mphukira. Zomera zitha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi chikhazikitsi cha mizu chikuyambira, mizu imayamba pa iwo. Ukadzakhala wamphamvu mokwanira, mbewu zatsopano zimabzyala panthaka. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika m'mwezi wa Meyi-Juni.
Pakatikati pomwe mphukira yokhazikika silingabzalidwe panthaka chifukwa cha chisanu, imasungidwa m'zipinda ndi kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C. Zikatero, "kufutukula" zodulidwa kumapeweka. Amabzalidwe m'malo okhazikika pokhapokha ngati palibe chowopseza cha chisanu. Ngati mizu ya zodulira sikukonzekera mutangodula, ndiye kuti imayikidwa mumtsuko ndi madzi.
Zidutswa za chrysanthemums zazikulu zokhala ndi maluwa zimachitika kuyambira Januware mpaka Epulo, ndipo zimayenda pang'ono - kuyambira mwezi wa February mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi. Kubwezeretsa chrysanthemums mu yophukira kumaphatikizapo kubzala kwa mizu yodulidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi komanso koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa akuthengo achitsamba azikhala chaka chamawa.
