Sandersonia wapamwamba, kapena Golden Lily wa Chigwa

Nthawi idapita kalekale pomwe maluwa owala amawunikira kuti ndiwo katundu wa physalis okha. Ndi mabokosi achilendo zachilengedwe chokongoletsera ndi masamba awa, imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri zam'madzi, sandersonia yokongola, imafikira mosavuta mpikisano. Maluwa a chomera chodabwitsachi amaoneka ngati nyali za porcelain, ngati kuti atsala pang'ono kugwa kuchokera kutchire ndikulira pamwamba pa mundawo. Maonekedwe osamveka a Sandersonia, wosiyana kwambiri ndi mitengo yowonda kwambiri, amangotsitsa masamba omwe amakula mosaneneka. Koma mkhalidwe wa zosowa wamba siwongochitika mwangozi: kukongola uku sikophweka kukula. Ndipo kuti mupambane zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyesetsa.

Sandersonia ndi lalanje, kapena Golden Lily waku Chigwa. © 俊 隆 陳

Kutulutsa kuchokera pagawo lapamwamba

Simungathe kutcha Sandersonia chomera wamba. Uwu ndiye kukongola kosowa, "koopsa", kubzala komwe kumatha kubweretsa chisangalalo ndi chisoni chochuluka. Kupatula apo, Sandersonia ali ndi zofunika zambiri kotero kuti nkovuta kuzikwaniritsa m'malo osayerekezeka. Koma mukawonetsa changu komanso kupirira, ndiye kuti chopereka chanu chidzakongoletsedwa ndi ma corms okongola omwe sanakhalepo kale, omwe sangapezeke ofanana.

Pali chomera chimodzi chokha m'banja la Sandersonium - sandersonia lalanje, kapena malalanje (sandersonia aurantiaca) Kuthengo, wokongola ku South Africa-uyu samapezeka: amawerengedwa ngati mtundu wosowa komanso wotalika. Koma mchikhalidwe cha Sandersonia ali ndi malo apadera kwambiri.

Sandersonia lalanje nthawi zina amatchedwanso kakombo wagolide wa kuchigwa, belu la golide kapena nyali yaku China.

Zachilendo za Sandersonia zimawonekera ngakhale mu mizu yake. Mtengowu umakula kuchokera ku ma foloko woboola pakati, osakhala ndi limodzi, koma masamba awiri. Nthawi yomweyo, tsinde lokhala ndi maluwa ndi masamba limaphukira kuchoka pa mphukira iliyonse, ndipo kumaliza ntchitoyo, mapangidwe awiri azitsamba atsopano amapangidwira kwa iwo ndipo mbewuyo imatsala pang'ono kukonzedwanso. Kuphatikiza pa tuber yatsopano yatsopano, ana amapangidwanso m'munsi mwa mphukira, koma kukula kwawo sikumakhudza mapangidwe a tuber yachiwiri ndi maluwa onse, mukamabzala ma sandersoniums pamsika wamafakitale, ana oterewa akuvutika kuti aletse maluwa komanso kukumba mwadzidzidzi. Koma kwa wamaluwa omwe akungofuna kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa Sandersonia, simungadandaule ndi zovuta zoterezi. Koma zomwe simuyenera kuyiwala ndi chakuti ku Sandersonia tubers sikuti ndizachilendo komanso komanso kopitilira muyeso. Impso, ma tubers aakazi, ndi mizu yayikulu imaphukira mosavuta kotero kuti ngakhale kukumba mosasamala kungaphe.

Ma Tubers, omwe ali "omangika" ngati timizere tating'onoting'ono, amasinthika kuti asazindikiridwe pakangotha ​​miyezi itatu, amatambasuka ndikutsukidwa, ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Tsinde ndi lalitali (mpaka 60 cm), lamphamvu, koma popeza chomerachi ndi mpesa, chimagona, ndipo nthawi zina curls, chosinthika komanso pulasitiki. Tinyanga yomwe ili kumapeto kwa masamba imagwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, popanda mbewuyi sikakula. Pa mphukira, masamba a lanceolate ndi odabwitsa modabwitsa komanso owala bwino, odzaza omwe amaphatikizana bwino ndi mabelu a lalanje.

Sandersonia lalanje (Sandersonia aurantiac). © zinniabuzz

Kukula kwa sandersonia ndikotsimikiza. Chomera chimadutsa mozungulira patatha miyezi 4-5, kenako chimalowa mu gawo la dormancy mtheradi. Pomwe kulibe chisanu nthawi yozizira, Sandersonia amangokhala m'nthaka kwa miyezi 7-8 popanda umboni wosakula. M'madera omwe amakhala osati okhwima kwambiri, komanso nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imakumbidwa chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu.

Sandersonia ndi imodzi mwazomera zomwe zimapanga maluwa kwambiri. Kuyitcha kumatulutsa kwa sandersony kungokongoletsa kungakhale mlandu: mitundu yachilendo ndi chisomo zimapangitsa kukhala chomera chapadera, mosiyana ndi chikhalidwe china chilichonse chamunda. Ngati Sandersonia amakula m'malo otetezeka, ndiye kuti maluwa ake sangasangalale ndi kukongola kokha, komanso zochulukirapo. Koma chinthu chachikulu ku Sandersonia sichiri konse kuchuluka kwa maluwa komanso ngakhale kukula kwawo. Mabelu aukhondo adadziwika kwambiri osati ndi mainchesi mpaka 2 cm ndi kutalika pang'ono, koma mawonekedwe a nyali yabwino. Zinkawoneka kuti zakulungidwa ndi dzanja, kachulukidwe ka ngalezo kamapangitsa maluwa kukhala pafupifupi dothi. Mtundu wowala wa lalanje, womwe sungatchulidwe kena kalikonse kupatula golide wamoto, umangowonjezera kunyengedwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma sandersonia pokongoletsa:

• ngati ulemu wapamwamba;
• pakukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, dimba lakutsogolo, malo achisangalalo;
• kukongoletsa zinthu za zomangamanga zazing'ono, kuphatikiza ngati mawu okopa chidwi;
• kutsindika kapangidwe kake ndikukhazikitsa zoyambirira;
• ngati mbuto yowotchera;
• ngati mbewu yodula.

Njira zosiyanasiyana zokulira mbewu imodzi

Njira yakale kwambiri yokulira ma sandersonia munjira yapakati ndikulima sandersonia ngati osatha ndi kukumba nthawi yachisanu. Koma ukadaulo waulimi siofanana kwenikweni ndi gladioli kapena dahlias, ena ochulukirapo ndi ma corms: ndibwino kubzala sandersony mumphika musanadzalemo mu dothi.

Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yofewetsa komanso amakonda kusirira sandersony mumipanda ndi nthawi yotentha, osabzala mbewu m'nthaka, njira ina ndiyabwino. Kupatula apo, ndikuchita bwino, kukongola kumeneku kudzaphuka m'miphika. M'malo mwake, ndi njirayi, sandersonia imakulitsidwa ngati chikhalidwe chamkati kapena wowonjezera kutentha, chomwe chimatengedwa kumayendedwe kamoto kokha m'chilimwe. Kwa nyengo yozizira, ma rhizomes samakumbidwa, koma amangodula mbali zam'mwamba ndikunyamula zonyamula mu chipinda chozizira komanso chamdima. Ndi kuthirira kochepa, Sandersonium imadutsa gawo loti mupumule kwathunthu, ndipo mu Febuluku amadzuka. Amasunthidwa kuzipinda zogona, zokulitsidwa kufikira nthawi yotentha, kenako amapititsidwa kumakonde, masitima kapena m'munda.

Zinthu zoyenera za sandersonia zitha kupangidwa m'malo obiriwira komanso malo osungirako malo, momwe kumakhala kosavuta kuyang'anira kutentha ndi kuyatsa. Makamaka zabwino ndizozizira, koma malo obiriwira ozizira, momwe kukongola kumatha kuzizira m'nthaka popanda kukumba.

Sandersonia Orange. © Karl Gercens

Zofunikira ndi Sandersonia

Kuti muchite bwino kukula kwa sandersonia, makamaka madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, mkatikati mwa msewu, malo obzala amafunika kusankhidwa koposa mosamala. Chomera chodabwitsachi chimatha kuikidwa papulatifiti dzuwa, koma osapatsidwa chidwi chochepa kuti atetezedwe ku mphepo ndi kukonzekera. Ngati malowa aphatikiza kutentha ndi kuyatsa kowala, ndiye kuti Sandersonia sangazindikire zovuta zina za kutentha.

Dothi limaperekanso chidwi chapadera. Kwa sandersonia, dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lokhala ndi ngalande zabwino kapena madzi ndi mpweya wabwino. Koma magawo ena ndiofunikanso: chonde, kusalolera kapena pang'ono pang'onopang'ono asidi (chovomerezeka pH ndichofunika pa 5.0 mpaka 6.0) komanso mawonekedwe otayirira, opepuka.

Kukula chomera ichi sikophweka chifukwa chodalira kutentha ndi kuwala. Kukongola uku kumafunika malo okhazikika, nthawi yayitali masana komanso kukhazikika kwa abale. Sandersonia amakhudzidwanso ndi kutentha kwambiri. M'madera okhala ndi chilimwe chochepa, mwina sichimatulutsa nkomwe, makamaka ngati nyengo sinali yofanana. Ndipo muyenera kukonzekera zokhumudwitsa izi: chaka chilichonse, kufikitsa kwa Sandersonia kumakhala ngati lottery. Koma kumbali inayo, "phindu" loposa limangowonjezera mwayi wolephera. Inde, ndipo mavuto akulu mukamakula samakhala ochepa, ndipo m'malo mwake ndiye kuphatikiza pamalamulo ambiri. Ngati Sandersonia yatulutsa bwino kwa zaka zingapo, zomwe mumakumana nazo zimacheperachepera: chaka chilichonse zimasinthasintha bwino ndi zomwe zili patsamba lanu, zimawuma ndikuyamba kukhala zosasamala.

Samalani: Sandersonia ndi chomera chakupha, ndipo muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi tubers podulira ndikubzala m'magolovesi okha komanso mosamala kwambiri.

Sandersony Landing

Kubzala mbewuyi kumadera omwe nthawi yozizira ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Sandersony iyenera kubzala kaye miphika kapena mumtsuko. Ndipo muyenera kuchita izi molawirira, kumapeto kwa dzinja. Inde, ndipo muyenera kuyambitsa "kudzuka" kwa impso inunso: Sandersonia amayenera kuthandizidwa kaye ndi yankho la fungicides, kenako ndikunyowa m'madzi ofunda ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa 25 digiri Celsius mpaka masamba ataphuka. Pambuyo pokhapokha pofika pakufika mu thanki. Kubzala mumiphika ndi dothi lotetezeka la sandersonia kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa February. Zomera zimathiriridwa madzi pang'ono, koma osadyetsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndikuwala. Zomera zobzala mwanjira iyi mpaka nyengo yofunda ikhazikike, mudzakhala olimba komanso osagwirizana, otha kuwerengetsa maluwa.

M'mwezi wa Meyi, kuopseza kuti madera ozizira atadutsa, ma Sandersonias amasamutsa dothi lotseguka. Ngati nyengo sinakhazikika, mausiku ndi ozizira kwambiri, ndibwino kuchedwetsa kuti ndikusintha ndikungotenga mbewuzo kwa tsiku limodzi kumunda kuti ziume. Sandersonia sangayime ngakhale chisanu kwambiri. Asanaikulidwe, dothi liyenera kupitilizidwa ndikuwonjezera feteleza wachilengedwe kuchokera pamenepo. Makhalidwe a dothi amathanso kupititsidwa bwino ndi peat, utuchi, makungwa, ngati dothi silili lotayirira kwambiri. Nthawi zina, asanabzalidwe, dothi limawilitsidwa (pogwiritsa ntchito methyl bromide kapena chloropicrin).

Sandersonia tubers. © Uluwehi Knecht

Sandersony amathanso kubzala mwachindunji panthaka kumapeto kwa Meyi. Koma njirayi imawonedwa ngati yowopsa, chifukwa chitukuko chimalizidwa pambuyo pake. Zotsatira zake, mbewuyo imayenera kukumbidwa mutangochotsa mphukira, kumayambiriro kwa matope, zomwe zimapweteketsa kwambiri.

Sandersonia amabzalidwa pamtunda wa 30 cm kwa mbewu zapafupi. Ngati muli ndi "mbeu" ya timazira ting'onoting'ono tomwe timafunikira kubzala kuti timangidwe, ndiye kuti imayikidwa pafupi. Samalani kwambiri kuya kwa ikamatera. Ma sandersonias wamba omwe sanadutse gawoli amabzalidwa mpaka akufika masentimita 5. Ma sandersonias opatukana amadzalidwa mwakuya kotero kuti odulidwa amakhalabe pamwamba pa mzere wa nthaka.

Chinyezi ndi kuthirira zofunika

Sandersonia amafunika kusamalidwa mwadongosolo. Chomera ichi chimayenera kuthiriridwa madzi, ndikuchichiritsa komanso chimango cham'munda mwanu. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kuthilira madzi a Sandersony tsiku lililonse. Ndondomeko ziyenera kukhala zoperewera, zimachitika pokhapokha dothi likauma, komanso mpweya wachilengedwe ndiosakwanira. Osaloleza kuti nthaka ikhale youma kwa nthawi yayitali - ndipo mudzachita bwino. Koma kuyika madzi m'madzi kumakhala kovomerezeka.

Kuchepetsa ndikumanga ma sandersony

Sandersonia si mbewu wamba. Awa ndi liana, masamba ake amapindika pang'ono, tinyanga timakhala kumapeto kwa masamba ndipo chifukwa chake ayenera kukhazikitsa chothandizira pomwe tsinde limatha kukwera.

Sandersonia Orange. © Noriko Ohba

Zomera za Sandersonia Nutrient

Chomera sichingakane kuvala pamwamba, koma osati chakale, koma kuphatikiza. Kwa sandersonia, feteleza wamkulu amayikira asanabzalidwe, nthaka yabwino kwambiri ndikupanga zinthu zina zamaluwa. Pakusintha amagwiritsa ntchito zokhazokha. Koma mutabzala, umuna umachitika kokha mu dothi lopanda michere. Ngati ndi kotheka, mwezi uliwonse chomera chimathiriridwa ndi feteleza wama mchere osakanikirana ndi madzi othirira. Mutha kuwonjezera zowonjezera zokha pokhapokha komanso mutatha maluwa.

Kukumba ndi kuzizira Sandersoniya

Sandersony iyenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka isanafike nthawi yachisanu yoyambirira. Choyamba dulani mbali zonse za mlengalenga kwathunthu. Mosamala, ndi dothi lalikulu, chotsani mizu mu dothi. Pukusulani dothi kuti lichoke. Zilowerere mizu mu yankho la fungicide kapena wapadera anti-infential wothandizila kwa mphindi 10. Pambuyo pake, chitani zithupsa za mphukira ndi makala amoto kapena chida chapadera pochiza mabala komanso kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, pukutani ma tubers kwa masiku angapo m'malo amdima komanso otentha mu mpweya watsopano.

Ikani mizu muzu pokonzekera nyengo yachisanu m'mabokosi kapena miphika ndi peat kapena lotayirira nthaka. Ikani zotengera ndi sandersony m'chipinda chomwe chili ndi kutentha kwa 3 mpaka 5 digiri Celsius ndikuzisunga nthawi yachisanu mumdima wathunthu. Mutha kusunga Sandersony mufiriji: peat kapena dothi, limasuntha m'mabowo okhala ndi mabowo kapena zikwama zamapepala. Koma ndi njira yosungira iyi, onetsetsani kuti boma la kutentha limakwaniritsa zosowa za chomera. Ndikwabwino kuyika tubers pamalo otentha kwambiri, ochepera kwambiri.

Kutalika kochepa kozizira ndi masabata 12. Kwa mbewu zamaluwa, zomwe zimakhala kutentha kochepa kwa miyezi itatu ndichinthu chofunikira.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Sandersonia sindiye mmunda wolimba kwambiri wolimbikira. Kukongola uku, miphika komanso pansi, kumaopsezedwa ndi mavuvu, mbozi, nthata za kangaude, ndipo ngakhale kuvunda ndi fusarium. Choyimira chachikulu ndicho kupewa, kuwiritsa tubers mutakumba kaye musanabzale ndikuwunika koyenera. Koma chinthu chachikulu ndikuti tilewe chinyezi chambiri, kupanikizana kwa ma tubers, chisamaliro chokwanira komanso chisamaliro.

Sandersonia Orange. © maynard

Kuswana kwa Sandersony

Ma sandersoni abwino amatha kufalikira m'njira imodzi yokha - kulekanitsa tubers. Chifukwa cha izi, akuluakulu, okhwima, mizu yayikulu tubers ali oyenera. Ngakhale kuti Sandersonia ali ndi mbali ziwiri zokulira, mwana wamkazi wa chiberekero chachiwiri ndi chocheperako kusiyana ndi woyamba. Kuti mbewu zonse zitheke chimodzimodzi, amalimbikitsidwa kuti azisiyanasiyana chaka chilichonse. Potere, njira yolekanitsa imachitika musanabzike, mutatha kuzizira.

Mutatha kupatulira tubers, ndikofunikira kukonza magawo nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo samalani ndi zida: ziyenera kukhala zoyera, zowongoka. Ndikwabwino kuchiza mabala ndi makala (monga ndi zonse zamera zazikulu komanso zowola). Ma tubers atawuma, amawiritsidwa mu njira yothanirana ndi mafangayi.

Ma sandersonias olekanitsidwa amawanyowa asanabzala komanso wamba osakhazikika. Amawanyowa m'madzi ofunda ndikutenthetsedwa mpaka kumera (zimatenga sabata limodzi ngati tumphuka utayamba kutupira ndipo timizere tikhala chochepa kwambiri). Zomera zimathandizidwa ndi fungicidal solution ndikubzala mpaka 5,5 masentimita kuti kudula kumakhalabe pamwamba pa dothi.

Ngati munakwanitsa kupeza kapena kutola mbewu za Sandersonia, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza mbadwo watsopano wa mbewu motere. Mbewu zofesedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, kuzisunga mukakolola muuma ndi mumdima, koma ozizira. Amafunikiranso chisanu chomwe chimakhala chisanu koma chimazizira kwambiri ngati mazira. Kwa sandersonia ndikofunikira kusankha magawo ochepera kwambiri, kuwunikira kowala ndi chinyezi chopepuka. Koma popeza nthangala zimamera ngakhale pazoyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa kwa nthawi yayitali, mbande zimafunikira kukula kwa zaka ziwiri ngati mbewu zamkati, ndipo zimatha kulowetsedwa mumipanda ingapo pokhapokha kutalika kwa masentimita khumi, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.