Mitundu yocheperako kwambiri bungwe (Aganisia), yomwe imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la orchid, imatchulidwanso kuti acacallis. Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa mitundu 4 yokha yazomera, yomwe pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe imatha kukumana kokha munkhalango zonyowa zaku South America.
Mitundu iyi imayimiriridwa ndi mbewu zazitali kwambiri za epiphytic zomwe zimakhala ndi phesi lozungulira (rhizome). Chikhalidwe cha kukula kwawo ndichachisoni. Mphukira iliyonse yaying'ono imapangidwa motalikirana masentimita atatu mpaka 6 kuchokera pa woyamba, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imangokhala pamwamba pake. Pankhaniyi, kukula kwa tsinde ili kumachitika ndi makwerero. Pseudobulbs yotsika-yopanda malire ya mtundu wobiriwira wamdima imafikira kuyambira masentimita atatu mpaka 5 mulitali, ndi mpaka masentimita 1.5 mulifupi. Izi ma pseudobulbs amaphimbidwa pafupifupi kwathunthu mumavidiyo amakanema, owuma kwathunthu, pomwe chimbudzi chimabisidwa. Masamba owoneka bwino, achikopa, osakhwima ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka kapena osakhazikika, pomwe mitsempha yomwe ili kwakanthawi imawonekera bwino. Petiole ali ndi kutalika masentimita 4, pomwe tsamba lokha limakhala lalitali - mpaka 20 sentimita, ndipo m'lifupi mwake limayambira 4 mpaka 8 sentimita.
Maluwa oterewa amatulutsa zipatso kuyambira kumapeto kwa dzinja mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe. Peduncle amapangidwa m'munsi mwa pseudobulbs. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofikira ndipo amatalika masentimita 30. Makatani oterewa amakhala ndi maluwa 2 - yazgomorphic. Corolla imakhala ndi magulu awiri enieni (pamakhala) omwe ali kumbali, 3 manda (milu) ndi milomo (3 yapa yosinthidwa) yomwe ili pansipa. Maluwa alibe fungo, ndipo amakhala pamalowo kwa nthawi yochepa kuchokera masiku 10 mpaka 12.
Kusamalira orchid aganisia kunyumba
Popeza chomera ichi chimafuna kwambiri chisamaliro, sichotchuka kwambiri ndi ma orchid. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukula kwamaluwa amtunduwu m'chipinda chokhala ndi zida zapadera, chifukwa m'chipinda chokhazikika ndizovuta kuti pakhale pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe. Komabe, ngati mukufuna, mutha kuyesa kukula aganiziya pazenera lanu.
Kuwala
Amakonzekeretsa kuwunikira kowala, koma nthawi yomweyo kuyenera kusokonezedwa. Itha kukhala yolima pang'ono pang'ono. Zomera ziyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyiyika pawindo lakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, koma maola ena duwa liyenera kukhala lopanda mawonekedwe. Ngati padzakhala kuwala pang'ono (mwachitsanzo, ndikayikidwa pazenera lakuyang'ana kumpoto), ndiye kuti maluwa amadzuwa satulutsa.
Njira yotentha
Kwa chomera ichi, ndikofunikira kupereka kusiyana kwa kutentha masana. Poterepa, kusiyana kwa kutentha kumayenera kukhala pafupifupi madigiri 7 mpaka 10. Chifukwa chake, masana tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisungitse kutentha kwa mpweya pamadigiri 25-32, ndipo usiku - kuyambira 18 mpaka 22 degrees. Onetsetsani kuti chipindacho sichizizira kuposa madigiri 18, chifukwa pamenepa a bungwe amatha kufa.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndizosatheka kusamutsa orchid wotere kuti akhale mpweya wabwino mulimonse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti boma la kutentha liyenera kukhala lofanananso chaka chonse.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Kuti mukule maluwa oterowo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito midadada kapena zotengera zodzazidwa ndi gawo lapadera. Kuti mukonzekere gawo lapansi, mudzafunika khungwa lalikulu la paini kapena mtengo wina wa coniferous, perlite, makala ndi sphagnum. Pa ikamatera, ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti kukula kwa achinyamata pseudobulbs kumachitika ndi makwerero. Chifukwa cha izi, ikamatera iyenera kuchitidwa paphiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ma pseudobulbs akale ayenera kukhala pamtunda wa gawo lapansi. Ngati atayikidwa, ndiye kuti izi zidzatsogolera pakupanga kwa orchid. Mtengo wonsewo uyenera kukhala pamwamba pa gawo lapansi, pomwe mizu yokha ndiyoyenera kuyikidwamo.
Chipikacho ndi chidutswa chachikulu cha makungwa a paini. Pamwamba pake, muyenera kukonza mizu ya duwa, koma asanatero ayenera kumakutidwa ndi utoto wa coconut kapena sphagnum, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala ochepa thupi.
Momwe mungamwere
Momwe mumafunikira madzi nthawi zambiri kumadalira momwe mbewu imakulidwira. Chifukwa chake, pakukula m'mabande, kuthirira pafupipafupi kumafunikira kuposa mumphika. Kutsirira kumalimbikitsidwa ndikumizidwa. Kuti muchite izi, mu beseni lodzaza ndi madzi, muyenera kumiza chidebecho ndi chomeracho kapena chotsekeracho ndikudikirira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ola. Munthawi imeneyi, ma velamen omwe amaphimba mizu ndikukhala ndi kakhalidwe koyenera ayenera kuyamwa chokwanira. Kenako orchid imachotsedwa mu beseni, koma musanayikemo, muyenera kudikirira mpaka madzi onse owonjezera. Kuthirira agganizia, akatswiri amalangiza, pokhapokha makungwa atapuma.
Pakathiririra gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa firiji, omwe izi zisanakhazikike bwino. Ngati madziwo ndi ovuta, ndiye kuti amatha kusefedwa kapena kusakanikirana ndi asidi pang'ono kapena acetic (pamenepa, madziwo sayenera kulawa pang'ono acidic palate). Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi owiritsa chifukwa chothirira sikulimbikitsidwa.
Chinyezi
Kuti chomera chikule komanso kukula bwino, chimafunika kukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso kutentha mchipindacho. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa ma orchid omwe adakulidwa m'mabandeti, amangofunikira chinyezi 70% 80 peresenti. Mukadzala mumphika, chomera chimatha kukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira komanso 50-55 peresenti, koma izi ndizokhapokha ngati kuthirira kuli kolondola komanso kwakanthawi.
Ngati mulibe orchidarium, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwonjezera chinyezi ndi chinyumba chanyumba kapena majeneleta oyenda. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chidebe mu poto yodzaza ndi miyala kapena dongo lokulitsa osati madzi ambiri. Denga la bulu limalimbikitsidwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi ndipo liyenera kulipitsidwa nthawi zonse.
Popeza nthenda zosiyanasiyana zamtundu zimatha kukhazikika mu mpweya wofunda, wofunda komanso wonyowa, kuti mupewe izi, chipinda chomwe orchidyo imayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Kuika kumachitika pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero, chifukwa mizu imachita bwino panjira imeneyi. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa chothanirana chimatha kukhala chomera chokulirapo, chomwe sichinakwaniritse mumphika kapena pa chipika.
Feteleza
Bungweli lili ndi mizu yokhazikika ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala ndi mchere. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kudyetsa duwa lotere mosamala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi m'masabata anayi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wopangidwira ma orchid (tengani ¼ ya mlingo woyenera phukusi). Komanso, chomera chimafunika kuvala bwino pamtunda, chomwe chikuyenera kuchitidwa pakati pa chachikulu. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la feteleza yemweyo, lokha liyenera kukhala lofooka.
Njira zolerera
Maluwa amtunduwu, omwe amabzalidwa kunyumba, amatha kufalikira kokha pokhapokha. Potere, nthambizo zikagaŵikana, ma pseudobulbs atatu okhwima azikhala pagawo lililonse.
Zofesedwa ndi nthanga ndi meristemally (ndi cloning) pokhapokha pamafuta.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Nthawi zambiri, chomera chotere chimafa chifukwa chakuti chimasungidwa pansi pazinthu zomwe sizofanana ndi zina zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kuphwanya kwotsatiraku kosamalira kumakhala kofala kwambiri: chipindacho ndichotentha kwambiri kapena chozizira, kuyatsa kocheperako kapena kocheperako, nthawi yayitali yachilala, kusowa kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuperewera ndege, kusanja.
Mitundu yayikulu
Mwa alimi a maluwa wamba, pali mitundu iwiri yokha ya bungwe yomwe imadziwika kwambiri.
Bungwe la Blue (Aganisia cyanea)
Chomera ichi ndi chimodzi mwamawonekedwe opatsa chidwi pakati pa nthumwi zambiri za maluwa a orchid. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi mtundu wokongola wa buluu wamaluwa. Maluwa oterewa ndi ochepa, mainchesi awo, monga lamulo, ali masentimita 5-6, koma ndi okongola modabwitsa ndipo amatha kupikisana ndi Cattleya, yemwe ndi mfumukazi yozindikirika (maluwa awo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana). Zisindikizo ndizowukira pang'ono ndipo zimapezeka molumikizana wina ndi mzake pamlingo wofanana ndi madigiri 120. Amakhala ndi kutalika kofananira, koma omwe amakhala apamwamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe opangika ndipo ndiwotalikirapo kuposa owongoka pambuyo pake. Mlomo ndi ma petals amapezekanso molumikizana wina ndi mzake pamlingo wa madigiri 120. Mitengo yozungulira imakhala yochepetsedwa pansi, koma ndiyofalikira komanso yifupi kuposa manda. Mlomo ukubwera kutsogolo. Imakhala ndi zophukira kumapiko, komanso yocheperako m'munsi ndipo imawoneka chimodzimodzi fosholo, yomwe m'mphepete mwake imakhala yopindika kapena yopindika pang'ono.
Wokongola Aganisia (Aganisia pulchella)
Mtunduwu ndi wophatikiza kuposa buluu. Kutalika kwa ma peduncles sikupita masentimita 15, pa iwo 2-5 osakhala akulu kwambiri (mainchesi mpaka 4 sentimita) maluwa, opaka utoto woyera-kirimu. Mitambo yolowera-kokhala ndi ma phale ofanana ndi mawonekedwe, imakhala yochepetsedwa pansi ndipo imakhala yakuthwa kumapeto. Mandawa amafikira mainchesi 2, ndipo m'lifupi mwake masentimita 1. Ma petals ndi ocheperako osati motalika kwambiri. Mawonekedwe a milomo ndi ofanana ndi fosholo yaying'ono, yomwe imaloza kumtengo. Pansi pali chopanda kukula kwambiri, chopakidwa mu burgundy, ndipo pakati ndichikasu.
