Chaka chilichonse, okonda maluwa amaluwa amapanga maluwa okongola. Mukamapanga kapangidwe ka gawo la nyumba yanu yanu kapena kanyumba kamalimwe, mutha kudzala maluwa ngati lobularia. Zomera zam'mundamo zimasinthadi mawonekedwe a munda uliwonse, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zokongola komanso zokongola. Lobularia sangakondweretsa wokondedwayo ndi maluwa ake okongola, komanso fungo labwino, komanso chikhala chokongoletsera chabwino cha dimba, bedi lamaluwa, ngakhale phiri lamapiri.
Makhalidwe a lobularia
Maluwa okongola maluwa okongola ndi Zilumba za Canary ndi Mediterranean. Wokondedwa uyu ndi wa banja loyambira kuchokera kubanja la Kabichi.
Izi ndi mitengo yokongola yotsika mtengo, masamba ake ambiri, masamba ake ndiwofiyira, wobiriwira wakuda. Maluwa ochepera onunkhira amakhala ndi ma inflorescence anayi. Amakhala onunkhira yaying'ono, wophatikizidwa ndi inflorescence wandiweyani, yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera mu utoto, nthawi zambiri sapezeka pofiirira, violet, pinki kapena lilac. Kuyambira mu Juni, lobularia limamasula kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka Okutobala, mpaka kutalika kwakukulu, kutengera mitundu, mpaka 30 cm.
Lobularia, kapena imatchulidwanso kuti alissum, imagwiritsidwa ntchito zakale komanso pachaka, koma ku Russia pachaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa duwa lamaluwa nthawi zonse silimalola kuzizira kwambiri ndipo limafa.
Mitundu ya Alissum:
Nyanja lobularia - kutalika kwake kumafika 20 cm, ndipo masamba azomera zamtunduwu ndi siliva pubescent. Masamba amakhala ochepa mawonekedwe. Maluwa ocheperako samafika 5 mm, ndikupanga burashi loyenda maluwa. Maluwa amachitika nthawi yonseyo, ngati yayima, ndiye kuti duwa liyenera kudulidwa. Zipatso za lobularia zam'madzi mwa mawonekedwe a nyemba zosankhwima zimakhala ndi mbewu ziwiri. Chifukwa cha maluwa ang'onoang'ono, alissum amawoneka okongola m'mphepete mwa njirayo, m'malire a maluwa, amathanso kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi mbewu zina zamunda.- Rock alissum ndi mbewu yokongola yosatha yopanda 25 cm kutalika. Mtunduwu wa lobularia umamasula ndi maluwa ochepa omwewo omwe amapanga timabowo tambiri.
- Mwala wa Alyssum umatanthauzanso chomera chakuthengo chomera. Kutalika kwa alissum kumatha kufika mpaka masentimita 30. Zoyambira zamaluwa zam'munda ndizosagona pang'ono komanso nthambi. Amasiyana ndi mtundu wam'mbuyomu ndi timitengo timene tili ndi nthambi kwambiri ndipo timaluwa wamaluwa, chifukwa ndimtundu wotuwa wobiriwira. Masamba odulira maluwa ndi ochepa, ali ochepa komanso osalala, amtundu wobiriwira. Amaluwa a Alissum mchaka (April-Meyi), ndi chisamaliro choyenera, atha kukondweretsanso.
- White alissum ndi chomera chosavunda chosagwira chonde m'nthaka, amatanthauza osatha.
- Mfumukazi yotchedwa Purple ndi chomera chododometsa, chofika kutalika 15 cm, chimapanga kapeti wokutira wowoneka bwino wautoto wofiirira, wokhala ndi masamba opyapyala. Kuonetsetsa kuti inflorescence yosalekeza, mphukira zosafunikira za lobularia ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
Nyanja lobularia - kutalika kwake kumafika 20 cm, ndipo masamba azomera zamtunduwu ndi siliva pubescent. Masamba amakhala ochepa mawonekedwe. Maluwa ocheperako samafika 5 mm, ndikupanga burashi loyenda maluwa. Maluwa amachitika nthawi yonseyo, ngati yayima, ndiye kuti duwa liyenera kudulidwa. Zipatso za lobularia zam'madzi mwa mawonekedwe a nyemba zosankhwima zimakhala ndi mbewu ziwiri. Chifukwa cha maluwa ang'onoang'ono, alissum amawoneka okongola m'mphepete mwa njirayo, m'malire a maluwa, amathanso kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi mbewu zina zamunda.Chifukwa cha kusasinthika, mmerawu ndi wosavuta kubzala ngakhale woyambitsa wamunda.
Kodi kukula lobularia kuchokera mbewu kunyumba?
Mbande zamaluwa zamaluwa zitha kupezeka mosavuta kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zimagulidwa m'misika yodziwika kapena kukolola modzimira.
Pali njira ziwiri zokulira Alissum kunyumba:
Mu kasupe mmera njira. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuyamba kumeretsa mbewu za lobularia mchidebe chokhala ndi gawo lapansi: peat, humus ndi dothi lamasamba. Dothi losakanikirana liyenera kukhala lonyowa kenako ndikuwazidwa pamwamba pa mbewuyo, kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, kenako ndikukonkhedwa ndi mchenga, wokutidwa ndi filimu, ndikupanga kutulutsa kwanyengo. Kutsirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse la 2 (ngati dothi likadali lonyowa, ndiye kuti nkotheka m'masiku atatu). Alissum akuwombera, monga lamulo, amawonekera mu sabata, ngakhale kumera sikuchitika nthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, ena amatha kuwonekera pambuyo pake masabata awiri. Pambuyo paoneka masamba atatu kapena anayi pa mbande, chidebe sichingathenso kuphimbidwa. M'mwezi umodzi ndizotheka kutchera mbuto yamaluwa. Tsinde likafika kutalika pafupifupi 8 cm, lobularia imabzyala panthaka, kuyesera kuti isawononge mizu.- Mutha kumeretsanso mbewu za alissum panja panthaka. Kuti muchite izi, mbewu zomwe zimafunikira zimafesedwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala pabedi lamaluwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu ndikusiya mpaka masiku ofunda a masika pomwe kulibe chisanu. Wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi kuti asasokoneze ndi mbande m'chaka. Koma ndi njira yachiwiri yobzala, si onse mbewu omwe angaphuke.
Mu kasupe mmera njira. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuyamba kumeretsa mbewu za lobularia mchidebe chokhala ndi gawo lapansi: peat, humus ndi dothi lamasamba. Dothi losakanikirana liyenera kukhala lonyowa kenako ndikuwazidwa pamwamba pa mbewuyo, kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, kenako ndikukonkhedwa ndi mchenga, wokutidwa ndi filimu, ndikupanga kutulutsa kwanyengo. Kutsirira kumachitika tsiku lililonse la 2 (ngati dothi likadali lonyowa, ndiye kuti nkotheka m'masiku atatu). Alissum akuwombera, monga lamulo, amawonekera mu sabata, ngakhale kumera sikuchitika nthawi imodzi, mwachitsanzo, ena amatha kuwonekera pambuyo pake masabata awiri. Pambuyo paoneka masamba atatu kapena anayi pa mbande, chidebe sichingathenso kuphimbidwa. M'mwezi umodzi ndizotheka kutchera mbuto yamaluwa. Tsinde likafika kutalika pafupifupi 8 cm, lobularia imabzyala panthaka, kuyesera kuti isawononge mizu.Talingalira njira ziwiri zokulira mbande za mbewu, wosamalira mundawo amasankha yekha ndipo, kutsatira malamulo onse, azitha kusangalala ndi maluwa otentha m'chilimwe.
Kubzala ndikusamalira mbewu
Mukabzala, ndizofunikanso Ganizirani zamaluwa. Lobularia wokongola amatanthauza mbewu zambiri, choncho ziyenera kubzalidwa m'malo abwino. Mukabzala mbande, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbewuyo siyilekerera zokolola ndipo mbewu zimafunikira kukhala zochepa, apo ayi alissum idzaphuka bwino. Patatha masiku 40 mutabzala chomera, wolima munda amayembekezera maluwa.
Mukutentha, lobularia wokongola ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri. Ndikofunika, pamene dimba la alissum limamasula, kudula mphukira zake zowola, kotero kukula kwatsopano kudzachitika mwachangu ndipo chomera chokongola chopanda posachedwa chidzakondweretsanso maso ndi maluwa ake okongola.
Zinsinsi zazikulu za bwino lobularia:
- Kupereka dzuwa lofunikira.
- Pewani madzi osefukira komanso kununkhira.
- Chotsani mphukira zomwe zinafota.
- Kuchita munthawi yake feteleza ndi feteleza nthawi ya maluwa ndikudulira.
Mitundu ina ya mbewu perekani kudzilimbitsa bwino kwambirichifukwa chake, kufesa kamodzi, maluwa akuthengo azaphukira masika otsatirawa, chinthu chachikulu sikuti kuwawononga iwo mu nthawi yakulima nthaka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Monga mbewu zonse za m'munda, alissum imayamba kutenga matenda ndi tizirombo. Kuti maluwa atalikike kwa nthawi yayitali, duwa loyenera kumayang'aniridwa pafupipafupi kuti isafe.
Matenda ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a lobularia:
Powdery Mildew Zikaoneka, masamba amasanduka bulauni ndipo masamba a duwa amagwa. Kuti muchepetse kufa kwa chomera, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbali zodwala za lobularia, pambuyo pake duwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi sopo.- White dzimbiri ndi zowola zofiirira. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mphukira yomwe ili ndi kachilombo ndikuwotcha, pofuna kupewa kufalikira.
- Pakakhala mbozi pamaluwa yamaluwa, kukonza ndi tizipatala tofunikira kumafunika.
- Ma nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ma cicadas amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa alissum. Nkhondo yolimbana nawo, monga lamulo, imagwiridwa ndi njira zamankhwala, komanso zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe amawawopsa (mwachitsanzo, decoction ya zipatso za zipatso).
Powdery Mildew Zikaoneka, masamba amasanduka bulauni ndipo masamba a duwa amagwa. Kuti muchepetse kufa kwa chomera, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbali zodwala za lobularia, pambuyo pake duwa liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi sopo.Kukolola nthangala za lobularia mutatha maluwa
Munthawi yomwe dimba limamaliza nthawi yamaluwa (koyambirira kwa Okutobala), ndikofunikira kuyamba kutola mbewu munyengo yamvula komanso yotentha. Pamafunika izi atenge nsalu ndikuzifalitsa pansi pa inflorescence ya m'munda alissum, mokoka kupukutira maluwa mabulangete ndi dzanja lanu lopukutira. Mbewu zonse zikaisonkhanitsidwa, zimayenera kutengedwera kumalo owuma, owuma komanso owuma. Mutayanika, pindani ndi thumba la nsalu ndi sitolo mpaka nthawi yamasika.
Ngati nthangala za lobularia zadzitchinjiriza zokha, ziyenera kusungidwa ndi tsache ndiye, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zakonzedwa kuti zisungidwe.
Kukonzekeretsa chomeracho nthawi yachisanu
Ngati mbewuyo ndi yosatha, pamafunika kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Garden lobularia imatha kulekerera chisanu osachepera 15 ° C, chifukwa chake, kuti tisunge chomera cha herbaceous, ndikofunikira kuwaza tchire ndi masamba owuma.
Kuchepetsa alissum pokonzekera nyengo yachisanu sikuyenera kukhala.
Ubwino wa lobularia ndiwosasamala ndi chisamaliro chokwanira ndi chisamaliro m'nthaka, momwe alissum imakula komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo, chithandizo cha matendawa, mutha kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe a chomera chomera. Alyssum ndi maluwa apadera, chifukwa ndi,, kapangidwe ka tsamba lanu kangapangidwe zachilendo. Ndipo gawo lomwe lobularia limadzalidwa limadzaza ndi mphalapala wake wabwino kwambiri.
