Duwa lanyumba kapena lamkati ndi kakang'ono kakang'ono (mpaka 50cm kutalika), chomera choyambira, champhika, chomwe muli mitundu 250, koma pali mitundu yambiri. Mu chithunzi cha maluwa am'nyumba mutha kuwona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe a masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa nyumba iyi kukhala yokongola kwambiri kuti ikule bwino kunyumba.
Pakati pa mitundu yamaluwa akunyumba omwe ali oyenera kwambiri kumera ngati mbewu zamkati, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa monga Miss Rowena Tom, Gruss en Teplitz kapena La France kuchokera pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa a tiyi osakanizidwa, Madame Falco, Marshal Niel kapena Nifetos ochokera ku maluwa osiyanasiyana a tiyi, Orand Triumph kuchokera ku maluwa osiyanasiyana a polyanthus, Bourbon Souvenir de la Malmaison, kapena mitundu yambiri ya maluwa ofiira a Bengal.
Malangizo pakukula maluwa
Kukhazikika ndi kutsimikiza kwa maluwa a kunyumba ndikudziwika bwino ndipo zimatha kuwopsa m'maluwa oyamba, komabe ndikofunikira kuyesa kukula maluwa m'nyumba m'miphika, chifukwa ndizokongoletsa kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuphuka kwanthawi yayitali.
Ndipo kuti pali mafunso ochepa momwe mungasamalire nyumba yanyamuka, muyenera kukumbukira malingaliro ena:
- kukonza miphika ndi mbewuzi, muyenera kusankha malo akumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa ndi makonde;
- muyenera kubzala maluwa kunyumba m'nthaka yatsopano michere;
- M'nyengo yotentha, amafunika kupereka mpweya wabwino wokwanira;
- pakukula, maluwa am'nyumba amafunika kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo muziganizira kutentha komwe kumakhalapo komanso kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kwa dothi lakumtunda;
- munjira yosamalira duwa lanyumba, ndikofunikira kuchita kuvala kwa sabata, makamaka mosamala - nthawi yamaluwa ndi kukula mwachangu;
- Kusinthika kwa mbewu mumtsuko wokulirapo, koma pokhapokha pakufunika.
Zinthu zoyipa mukamakula maluwa m'nyumba zimafunikanso kuzilingalira. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- mpweya wouma ndi kuwongolera dzuwa, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa;
- madzi ozizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira;
- kusiya masamba owuma ndi zimayambira, masamba ophukira ndi tumphukira pachomera;
- kuvulala kwa mizu;
- nyengo yozizira m'chipinda chotentha kwambiri;
- kuchiza mwadzidzidzi ndikuwongolera matenda ndi tizirombo.
Roses kusamalira pakhomo kumafuna nthawi zonse komanso kugwira ntchito, koma kutengera chilengedwe ndi kukonza malo abwino kuti zikule, zimangochepetsedwa ndikungothirira komanso kuvala zovala zapamwamba.
Chisamaliro
Maluwa apanyumba akuyenera kusamalidwa kuyambira nthawi yogula. Njira yonseyi igawidwa panjira zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa:
- Kusintha - pomwe duwa likuzolowera kuchipinda chatsopano, ndikofunikira kubwereza momwe momwe mbewuyo idaliri nthawi yogula m'sitolo, kuphatikizapo kuthirira ndi kudyetsa zakudya. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kupatula zolemba ndikuwongolera dzuwa, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osamalidwa bwino kuti kuthirira, ndikuwaza masamba. Kuyika duwa lanyumba ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati lingasinthe.
- Kubwezeretsa - kumachitika chomera chikazolowera malo atsopano. Muyenera kuyika duwa latsopano ndi dothi, kumangotulutsa kansalu pang'ono ndi kuchotsa dothi lakale. Kuika kuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti mizu ikhale yolimba. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza a turf ndi humus land osakanikirana ndi mchenga (m'chiyerekezo cha 4: 4: 1) ndi zochepa feteleza wazovuta. Poto wothaniramo uyenera kukhala wokulirapo mulifupi ndi masentimita angapo ndi 5-7 masentimita kuposa chidebe chomwe duwa linapangidwira. Chofunika ndi kupezeka kwa dzenje. Pansi pa mphikawo ayenera kuphimba dongo lokwanira. Pambuyo pakuyika, duwa liyenera kusiyidwa mumthunzi tsiku lonse m'malo abwino, ndikuzikhazikitsanso pawindo loyatsa bwino, koma osati pansi pa zowongolera, ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Kuthirira - maluwa a m'nyumba amafunikira kwambiri kuthirira ndipo mwina angayambe kuuma chifukwa chosakwanira chinyezi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuthirira madzi pafupipafupi, munthawi yozizira, pansi pa muzu, m'masiku otentha nthawi zambiri, pamene nthaka yapamwamba ikuma. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala oyera, osakhazikika, kutentha kwa chipinda.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba - ayeneranso kukhala okhazikika, osachepera 2 pamwezi. Potere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta mogwirizana ndi malangizo kapena mullein. Kuphatikiza pakuphatikiza dothi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito maofesi apadera osungunuka pakudya mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Odwala ndi maluwa okhomera okha osadyetsa.
- Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu ndi gawo lofunikira chisamaliro, monga maluwa a kunyumba nthawi yozizira ngati "abale" awo am'munda, ndipo mitundu ina imaponya masamba. Kuti m'nyumba muzikhala bwino nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kusunthira kuchipinda chozizira (15-17 ° C) ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso wopanda nyumba. Komanso, nyengo yachisanu isanayambe, maluwa amawadulira, ndikusiya masamba asanu pa nthambi iliyonse.
- Zima nyengo yozizira - nthawi yophukira-nyengo yachisanu, maluwa amafunika kusamalidwa bwino, monga kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kusunga chinyezi wamba.
Maluwa akunyumba ndizomera zokongola zamkati, ndipo, ngakhale akufunika chisamaliro, amatchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa.
