Momwe mungadyetse bwino ndowe za nkhuku, mbewu ndi nthawi yanji

Chinsinsi chopezera zokolola zabwino zamasamba, zipatso ndi zipatso ndizochikhalidwe chokhazikika m'dothi ndi michere. Manyowa a nkhuku agwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza kuyambira nthawi zakale, apereka zovuta pakukonzekera kwamakono komwe kumapezeka pakugulitsa malonda a maluwa. Ngati zitha kuchitidwa molondola, mbewuzo zimakhala ndi zida zingapo zomwe zimathandizira kuti zikule.

Nkhaniyi imafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira yodzikonzera ndi kuthira feteleza malinga ndi manyowa a nkhuku.

Momwe mungaphikire manyowa a nkhuku

Kuti mukonze zowirira kuti muzitha kuvala zovala zamadzimadzi, sonkhanitsani ndowe mumtsuko waukulu, mudzaze ndi gawo lachitatu ndikudzaza madzi ndi theka. Lekani zinyalala kwa milungu iwiri, makamaka kuphimba.

Pamene matalala akhathamira, mutha kukonzekera njira yodyetsera: tengani 0,5 l yokhazikika ndikuchepetsa mu madzi 10 l. Kudyetsa zakonzeka.

Kukula kwa mayankho a mbewu zosiyanasiyana kumadalira kukula kwa mbewu zomwe:

• Pansi pa tomato, biringanya, tsabola, mutha kupanga malita 2-3 a umuna.
• Ndowa zisanu ndi imodzi zitha kuthiridwa pansi pa mphesa zachikulire.
• Mbande zamasamba ndi sitiroberi ndizokwanira 1 litre pansi pa chitsamba.
• Mbande za maluwa zidzakwanira 0,5 malita a yankho pansi pa chitsamba.

Pafupifupi kumwa: m'malo oterowo, kuponya nkhuku zonyansa sikumavulaza. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti mutha kuwatsanulira m'nthaka yonyowa ikagwedezeka pang'ono madzi atangotsiriza kapena mvula. Kudyetsa nkoletsedwa konse mu nthaka youma.

Kodi kudyetsedwa nkhuku ndowe mu yophukira ndi masika

Zomwe mungadyetse mu kugwa ndi zitosi za nkhuku ndi momwe

Manyowa a nkhuku zodyetsa "adzasangalatsidwa" ndi masamba ambiri azomera ndi zipatso. Pakati pawo: anyezi ndi adyo; kabichi, tomato, biringanya, mbatata; rasipiberi, sitiroberi, mitengo ya m'munda, komanso maluwa.

Mitundu

Mukadyetsa adyo, anyezi ndi zitsamba zina, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti feteleza ayenera kuyikidwiratu mpiru musanayambe kupanga kapena masabata atatu amadyera asanadulidwe. Ndipo ndibwino kudyetsa nthaka nthawi yakugwa: pa 1 m² timatenga makilogalamu 3.5 a zinyalala kapena 2 kg za zinthu zopanda zinyalala. Zomera zotsalazo zimatha kudyetsedwa kangapo munyengo ndi nthawi iliyonse.

Zomwe sizingadyetsedwe nkhuku zankhuku

Musadyetse zitosi za nkhuku ku zomera zomwe zikuwopa kuchuluka kwa mchere wa sodium m'nthaka. Izi zikuphatikizapo rhododendron, heather, blueberries, azaleas, camellias.

Momwe mungadyetsire maluwa a maluwa ndi nkhuku

Timakonzekereranso yankho lomweli: 0,5 l wa konkire kukhazikika pa 10 l madzi ndi kuthirira maluwa pa nthaka yonyowa.

• Tchire tating'ono 1 chaka sitidyetsa nkhuku.
• Pansi pa tchire chachikulire, mutha kuthira madzi 1 ndowa.
• Kwa nyengo yochepa, mavalidwe apamwamba a 2-3 oterowo ndi okwanira: kasupe asanafike maluwa, nthawi yamaluwa ndi kumapeto kwa chirimwe mu Ogasiti.
• Kwa nthawi yozizira, mutha kuwonjezera 2,5 makilogalamu a zopangira pa 1 sq. M ndi mulch pamwamba ndi udzu, utuchi, masamba adagwa.

Momwe mungadyetsere mitengo yazipatso ndi ndowe

Kwa mitengo yazipatso (ma plums, ma apricots, mapeyala, mitengo ya maapulo, ndi zina zotere), ndowe zowola zimayambira limodzi ndi mulch kuchokera pakumwa 4-5 makilogalamu a zitosi zovunda pa sq m. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho (kudyetsa mtengowo, kutsanulira njira yankhuku ya nkhuku ya 5%, kudyetsa katatu pa nyengo, osagwiritsa ntchito thunthu, koma kuthira m'mphepete mwa thunthu).

Pakudyetsa kabichi, biringanya, phwetekere, beetroot, dzungu, zitosi za nkhuku ndizovomerezeka.

Kabichi

Kuti mukonze dzikolo kuti mubzale kabichi yoyera, muyenera 2 makilogalamu kapena zinyalala 3, kuwola zinyalala pa 1 m². Zitowe zatsopano za nkhuku zimayambitsidwa kuchokera nthawi yophukira pansi pokumba. Nthawi yakula mutabzala mbande za kabichi, dyetsani chikhalidwecho nthawi zina 2-3 ndi yankho pogwiritsa ntchito 1 lita imodzi ya 5% kuvala chomera chilichonse.

Dzungu ndi tomato

Chokwera dzungu ndi tomato imatha kukonzedwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kuwononga 1 m² wa 4 makilogalamu zatsopano zopanda zinyalala zampangidwe kake koyera kapena pafupifupi makilogalamu 6 a zinyalala. Zomera izi zimawopa kuti ziwotche - mtsogolo mutha kudyetsa feteleza m'madzi mawonekedwe, koma osawononga zoposa malita 5 a yankho la 5% pa 1 m².

Momwe mungadyetse rasipiberi ndi othandizira ndi nkhuku

Wagwa

Mukadyetsa mabulosi mbewu, musagwiritse ntchito feteleza watsopano pa maluwa ndi maluwa.

• Dera lomwe lili pansi pa raspberries kapena currants liyenera kukumziridwa mukugwa kapena miyezi 3-4 musanabzale. Kuchita koteroko kudzateteza mbewu ku mavuto ammonia ndi methane.
• Mukugwa kwake, zitosi za nkhuku zimabweretsedwa mu raspberries pomazungulira mzere wofanana ndi ndowa imodzi pa 10 mzere wamamita.
• Mu nthawi yophukira, pansi pa tchire lopindika, 2-3 makilogalamu a nkhuku womwazikana amabalalika pa 1 sq. M ya thunthu bwalo.

Chapakatikati

Musanafike maluwa, mutha kudyetsa rasipiberi ndi ma currants ndi yankho la zinyalala zoyambira pamlingo wa 1 lita imodzi yokhazikika pama 10 malita a madzi. Thirani pang'ono pansi pa chitsamba, onetsetsani kuti mwanyowa.

Zomera zozikika

Musanabzale mizu, konzani nthaka mu kugontha: mita imodzi iliyonse, gwiritsani ntchito 2 kg zinyalala popanda zinyalala, ndi 3 kg za zinyalala. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokukula, onjezerani 4 L ya madzi 5% yankho ku 1 m² pabedi.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa ndi ndowe za nkhuku

Manyowa a nkhuku ndi olemera kwambiri mu nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu: chinthu choyamba chimalimbikitsa kukula ndi kukonzekera kwa mphesa, chachiwiri - kumawonjezera kukana matenda ndi nyengo zina zoyipa. Zitsamba za mphesa kuti mumalize zakudya zanu zimafunikira zovala zingapo zapamwamba. Bwereranani kuchokera kuthengo mamita 0.5, pangani ma grooves, ikani chovala chowuma kapena chamadzimadzi ndi kuwaza ndi nthaka. Kuphatikiza apo, onjezerani feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous ndikuwonjezera phulusa. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi alimi ambiri. Werengani zambiri za kudyetsa mphesa m'nkhaniyi.

Mavalidwe a mbatata

Pakumera kwa mbande, ndibwino kuthira feteleza mbatata pogwiritsa ntchito ndowa. Kuchepetsa chidwi, kumachepetsa chiopsezo chovulaza mbewu. Sakani zinyalala za nkhuku kwa masiku angapo, ndiye muzisungunula 1 lita imodzi ya madzi mumalita 15 a madzi ndikuthira 1 litre pansi pa chomera chilichonse. Ndikofunika kuthira manyowa panthaka yonyowa (ikagwa mvula kapena kuthirira). Feteleza imayambitsa kukula, zomwe zimakhudza bwino zipatso ndikukulitsa kukula. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetsere mbatata pano.

Momwe mungadyetsere sitiroberi ndi ndowa

Mu nthawi yophukira, pamene mabulosi amatsirizika mu fruiting, kubwezeretsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu zidzafunika. Mukamapanga nkhuku dzira m'dzinja mulibe vuto loipitsa zipatso zake, ndipo mbewuyo singalolere kuzizira mosavuta.

Mu nyengo yanyengo, sitiroberi imatha kudyetsedwa ndowe mutabzala, kufalikira ndi kugawa njira. Gwiritsani kumavala amadzimadzi apamwamba. Timaweta kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuku ndi madzi m'chiyerekezo cha 1 mpaka 20 ndikuthira 1 litre pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Mwa njira, kuwonjezera kwa potaziyamu humate kumathandiza kuteteza fungo losasangalatsa. Gawani yankho pakati pa mizere kuti musavulaze mizu ndi masamba. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungadyetsere sitiroberi.

Momwe mungadyetsere maluwa ndi zitosi za nkhuku

Timakonza yankho la 1:20 (pafupifupi, 5 l ya mphamvu yovutikira pa 10 l yamadzi) ndikuthilira maluwa ponyowa. Ndikofunika kuti muchite izi pansi pa muzu, kuti chotsalira chotsalira sichikhala pamasamba. Kapena yambitsani yankho: ndiye mutha kuthirira pamasamba, omwe ndi othandiza kwambiri ndipo adzakhala akumavala apamwamba nthawi yomweyo.

Njira zopangira manyowa a nkhuku

Momwe mungadyetsere mbewu ndi ndowe za nkhuku molondola

Momwe mungadyetsere ndowa manyowa

Ndowa, zouma kapena zothimbirira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera kuvala kwapamwamba. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane njira zonse.

Ngati mukufuna kuyesa kuvala pamwamba pamsika wonse kuti muthe manyowa osiyanasiyana, osangogwiritsa ntchito musanabzale mbande kapena kufesa mbewu, konzani yankho lozikika. Itha kukonzedwa mchaka ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyengo yonse, chifukwa sichidzawola. Ngati feteleza sanakonzekere moyenera, pamakhala chiwopsezo chowononga mizu yazomera.

• Timatenga mbiya ya malata yokhala ndi malita 50, kudzaza 1/3 ndi zitosi za nkhuku ndikuidzaza ndi madzi mpaka pamwamba.
• Kuti muthane ndi fungo, onjezani 750 g wa potaziyamu humate.
• Phimbani ndi chivindikiro ndi kupsya mu kutentha.
• Zoyenera, osakaniza ayenera kupsa kwa masiku 10-14. Kukonzekera yankho, tikuthira madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa 1 mpaka 20, mutha kutenga madzi ambiri, mpaka kuchuluka kwa 1 mpaka 50. Kuti mukhale osavuta, tsanulirani madzi okwanira m'matumba ndikuwonjezera madzi. Nthawi zambiri, kunyengerera kumakhala pansi, komwe ambiri amaopa kugwiritsa ntchito, koma palibe chowopsa mu izi, ingoonjezerani madzi.

Kuti akonze feteleza wocheperako, ndowa ya lita 10 iyenera kudzaza theka ndowe ndikuthirira ndi madzi. Lolani kuti zitheke kwa masiku 1-2 m'malo otentha. Musanagwiritse ntchito, kuchepetsa 0,5-1 malita a kulowetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi.

Njira yachangu kwambiri yophikira ndikumumitsa kusakaniza. Kuti ndidyetse mbewuzo pompopompo, ndowe zowuma zimaphatikizidwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1 mpaka 15 kapena 1 mpaka 20 ndikuwonjezera 0,5-1 l pazomera.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kapena kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe apamwamba kuti tipewe kuwonongeka kwa mizu komanso kuchuluka kwa zipatso ndi nitrate.

• Mphindi 30 mpaka ola limodzi musanapangire zovala zamadzimadzi, muyenera kuthirira mbewu kapena kuwadyetsa mvula, kudzakhala bwino.
• Ngati muwona kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri, kudyetsa nkhuku kumathandizanso masamba: vutani njira kudzera mu zigawo zingapo za gauze ndikugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masamba. Kavalidwe kabwinoko kabowoka kamatengeka mwachangu ndi mbeu ndikuchita mwachangu: masamba a mbewu amasanduka obiriwira, miyendo ya mbande imakulitsidwa, njira zonse zam'munda zimakulitsidwa: kukula, maluwa, zipatso.

Kompositi

Kuti mupange manyowa, onjezani manyowa a nkhuku 20cm pansi pa dzenje la kompositi (mutha kuwasakaniza ndi ng'ombe, nkhumba, ndi zina), onjezani utuchi, udzu ndi peat pamwamba - makulidwe osanjikiza ndi pafupifupi 30 cm. oposa 1 mita kutalika. Kuti tifulumizane njira yowonongeka ndikuchotsa fungo losasangalatsa, timaphimba ndi filimu pamwamba. M'nyengo yozizira, osakaniza adzawonongeka kwathunthu.

Kompositi yoyambira imayambitsidwa yolima m'mundawo kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira, ndowa imodzi pa sq m. Amabalalanso mumayendedwe okhala ndi chosalala.

Maonekedwe okongola

Ngati palibe malo oti mbalame zithe, mwanjira imodzi zitha kugulidwa mwa ma granular. Chida chotere ndi chosavuta kuchipeza. Ubwino wosakayikira ndikuti pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha, mphutsi za helminth, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mbewu za udzu zimawonongeka. Ma granules amasungidwa nthawi yayitali, yaying'ono komanso yopanda fungo losasangalatsa. Poyerekeza ndi zitosi zatsopano za nkhuku, zomwe zimawola mu milu ya kompositi ndipo zimataya nitrogen mwachangu, micronutrients yamtengo wapatali imasungidwa m'miyala kwa zaka 5.

Zingwe zopangira nkhuku zomwe zakonzedwa motere zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito muuma, koma pewani kulumikizana ndi mizu - gawanani kuvala pakati pa mizere. Mutha kupanga 100-300 g pansi pa mitengo ndi zitsamba, njira ina: koyambirira kwammawa, gawani malowa pamlingo wa 100-150 g pa 1 m².

Ndi yabwino kukonzekera chovala chamadzimadzi chamadzimadzi kuchokera kumagulu. Kuti muchite izi, sinthani ndi madzi muyezo wa 1 mpaka 50 ndikuthira mbande ndi yankho mutabzala poyera. Kudyetsa akulu akulu, konzekerani gawo la 1 mpaka 100 ndi madzi.

Ma granules angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji m'maenje obzala. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti kuvala pamwamba kumatha kubwezeretsa kuchepetsedwa kwa chinyontho m'nthaka.

Feteleza wa M'munda

Monga feteleza wachilengedwe wa mabedi, ndowe za nkhuku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa mukakolola. Kubzala feteleza kumathandizira kudzaza kuchepa kwa michere yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawiyo, yomwe mtsogolomo ingasinthe zipatso ndi zipatsozo.

Pachifukwa ichi, phatikizani ndowe zatsopano nkhuku ndi madzi ndikugawa pamalowo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 3-4 kg pa 5 m². Pangani zosanjikiza ngakhale, sizivuta kuwonjezera manyowa, phulusa la nkhuni. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumakhala mpaka masika, kudikirira kukumba. M'nyengo yozizira, michere imapita m'nthaka.

Momwe mungasungire ndikusungira ndowe za nkhuku

Momwe mungasungire ndowe za nkhuku

Njirayi ikufunika kuwonetsetsa mosamalitsa ndikulondola kwanu, kuti musavulaze thanzi lanu. Ndisonkhanitsa ndowe, zomwe zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera feteleza wazipatso zamasamba ndi zipatso, m'malo okhalamo mbalame - m'malo ogulitsira nkhuku. Tengani nthawi yakuyeretsa, ndiyotheka limodzi ndi zosayera zamatayala.

Tsatirani malangizowo:

1. Kuti mudziteteze ku mazira a helminth, omwe muunyinji wawo amatha kupezeka kuti samangokhala zinyalala zokha, komanso m'chipindacho, muyenera kutsatira njira zotetezeka. Valani suti yotsekedwa ndi magolovesi amanja.
2. Kutola zopakidwa, gwiritsani ntchito chingwe ndi fosholo, ndikumwaza zinyalala zonse, zidebe, migolo, mabokosi, kwakukulu, ndi zotengera zilizonse zomwe zingasungidwe.
3. Ndowe zouma zimasunganso michere yambiri ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo pakuwola, zimaperewera feteleza wambiri. Chifukwa chake, yesani kuyisunga pamalo owuma m'malo mwa chonyowa.

Chonde dziwani kuti ndowe za nkhuku zili ndi methane ndi ammonia, zomwe zimatha kumasulidwa nthawi yosungidwa. Onjezani peat pang'ono kuti muthane ndi fungo;

Kuti musunge kwambiri, muyenera kupanga dzenje la kompositi. Ndowa zitha kusakanikirana ndi kalulu, mahatchi ndi manyowa agalu (osanjikiza pafupifupi 10 cm), ndiye kuti ndizothandiza kwambiri. Muluwo mumayenda kwa miyezi 1.5-6.

Kubzala masamba ndi zipatso mbewu zitha kuchitika mu nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira, kwa ena ngakhale mu chirimwe. Biringanya, tomato, kabichi ndi mitengo yazipatso zimayankha kwambiri kuvala kwapamwamba. Kuwonjezereka kwa chakudya chochuluka kwa manyowa nkhuku kumatha kukonza zokolola ndi mbatata, sitiroberi, mphesa. Pokhudzana ndi amadyera (adyo, anyezi), feteleza akuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, kuvala zovala zapamwamba pokhapokha gawo loyambirira lakula.

Kodi zakudya za nkhuku manyowa zimagwira bwanji? Amakongoletsa dothi ndi zovuta zina zofunikira, zimapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kofunika (mpweya ndi madziwo, mphamvu ya mankhwala). Komabe, kuti maubwinowo asasanduke vuto, ndikofunikira kutsatira mlingo. Ammonia wopatsa mphamvu amatha kuwononga mbewu.

Ubwino wodyetsa manyowa a nkhuku

Kavalidwe kachilengedwe kameneka kamakhala ndi minyewa yathunthu yomwe imathandizira kukula komanso kukula. Chifukwa chake, ndowe za nkhuku zili ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium, nayitrogeni, mkuwa, chitsulo, mulinso zinc, cobalt, manganese. Kuwerengera kwa zinthu zomwe ndizakutsata ndikokwanira, kuvala pamwamba kumatha kusintha ndikuthira feteleza wamtengo wapatali. Zigawozo zimayamba kuyamwa sabata pambuyo pa ntchito, ndipo mpaka pamapeto zimawola pafupifupi zaka 4.

Manyowa a nkhuku ndi oyenera kulima mbewu zambiri (zipatso, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu za mizu), zimathandizira pakukula bwino kwa mbande ndikuwonjezera zokolola za mbewu zachikulire.Zakudya zam'madzi zimasungunuka m'nthaka ndipo zimayamwa ndi mizu; sizitsukidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe ndi nthaka amatukuka bwino:

• Palibe chiopsezo cha salinization, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mavalidwe apamwamba amamineral
• Nthaka imakhala yotayirira, yowumbika, yamadzi komanso yopumira.
• Zamoyo zimathandizira kuti pakhale microfauna yopindulitsa padziko lapansi, komanso kufalitsa kwa nyongolomera
• Loweruka limachitika ndi ma setiyumu angapo omwe amavuta kuti apange mwanjira ina

Ubwino wa Kudyetsa Nkhuku

Kafukufuku wambiri wa sayansi watsimikizira kufunika kwa manyowa odyetsa nkhuku:

• Mwa kapangidwe kazinthu zofufuza, manyowa a nkhuku ndi olemera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zimbudzi zina (mullein, manyowa a akavalo, nkhumba, ndi zina);
• Feteleza kumizidwa mwachangu, zinthu zofunikira zimakhala m'nthaka kwa zaka zingapo;
• Mphamvu yodyetsa imawonetsedwa mu kukula kwamachulukidwe makumi anayi;
• Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mkuwa ndi chitsulo pakuphatikizidwa, mbewuzo zimayamba kulimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya (mwachitsanzo, kuvunda kwa mizu, nkhanambo, vuto lakachedwa, etc.);
• Mitundu ya nkhuku imakhala ndi zamchere pang'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa mbewu m'nthaka yokhala acidified. Kuchulukitsa kwa phokoso la nkhuku kumasiyana pakati pa 6-8, zimatengera chakudya cha mbalame ndi kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kwa zitosi (motalika njira yowola, yochulukirapo ya alkali yotulutsidwa);
• Feteleza siopanda moto, osakhala poizoni;
• Pambuyo povala pamwamba, mbewu, tchire ndi mitengo ndizosavuta kulekerera nyengo;
• Maluwa ndi kuyika zipatso zimayenda bwino, ndipo kusintha kwabwino kumaonekera kuyambira chaka choyamba chogwiritsa ntchito ndikupitilira nyengo zingapo;
• Kuthira manyowa sikuwotcha mizu ya mbewu, koma mlingo uyenera kutsatira;
• Nthawi yakucha ya zipatso imachepetsedwa, mbewuyo imadzaza ndi mapuloteni ndi mavitamini;
• Malo okhala ndi dothi amasunthika bwino (wosanjikiza ndi humus amayala);
• Kudyetsa mtengo wotsika, ndipo ngati muli ndi famu yanu - yaulere kwathunthu.