Rutaria mkati

Rutarias amadziwika kuti ndi njira yatsopano yosinthira maluwa, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu ndi njira zamakonzedwe apadera. Anabadwa kuchokera ku fanizo la kapangidwe ka mawonekedwe a dziko lapansi komanso luso lopeka maluwa. Munda womwe uli pachiwombankhanga kapena mizu - choyambirira, chofotokozera, nthawi ina unkawoneka ngati chinthu wamba cha dimba, ndiye - ngati lingaliro lamkati mwakunja, koma lero yakhala njira yapamwamba osati yogwiritsa ntchito mbewu mkati, komanso kupanga chida chonse ndi iwo.

Rutarium wa zomera zamkati. © WoS

Rutaria - mbewu pamizu, kusuntha kuchokera kumunda kupita kuchipinda

Ma Rutarias ndi nyimbo zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mizu, stump, nthambi za mitengo yayikulu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokongoletsera zokongola kwambiri. Poyamba, rutarium inali dzina laderali, lokongoletsedwa ndi mbewu zokongoletsera ndi mizu yamatabwa (ngakhale dzina lake limachokera ku Chizungu "muzu" - "muzu"). Iyi ndi njira yopangira mawonekedwe, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a malo pakupanga malo a malo achitetezo ndi malo achisangalalo. Koma malo okhalitsa pang'ono komanso okongoletsa kwambiri m'munda wamasiku ano akutenga chidwi cha maluwa, kusintha mawonekedwe - kuchokera mawonekedwe kupita kunyumba. Mu mawonekedwe amchipindacho, rutarium ndi mawonekedwe a mbewu zobzalidwa pamatabwa, kuwonjezera pazokongoletsedwa ndikusintha kukhala chosema.

Chimodzi mwamaubwino amasimu onse ndi kuphatikiza. Kubwereza nyimbo kawiri, kupanganso mitundu yofananira kwathunthu ndizosatheka. Kuphatikizika uku kumafotokozedwa mophweka: rutarium imakonzedwa kokha pamtundu wa zidutswa za mtengo, koma m'chilengedwe simungathe kukumana ndi mizu iwiri yofanana. Monga mbewu zomwezo zomwe mizu idakongoletsedwa. Zosiyanasiyana, zosiyana ndi zosaiwalika, rutaria ndizithunzi zojambulidwa komanso ntchito zenizeni zojambulajambula zopangidwa pa fanizoli la kapangidwe ka malo, chosema ndi maluwa. Ndipo ayenera kuwoneka ngati kudzipatulira, njira yachilengedwe ndi kukongola kwake. Zosawoneka bwino komanso zosangalatsa, akuwoneka kuti amakakamiza luso lokongoletsa pazachilengedwe mwapadera komanso chosafikirika.

Rutaria ndi imodzi mwazosankha zomwe malingaliro ndi gawo lazinthu zauzimu ndizosafunikira kwenikweni. Sachita nawo masewera othandiza, koma amangokopa zokongoletsa ndi kupangitsa kuti azisangalala, kupangitsa chidwi cha moyo wathu. Lodzala ndi chiphiphiritso, rutarium imatibwezera kumizu, ku chilengedwe, chikuyimira chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha magwero ake, kufunikira kosunga zachilengedwe, kukonda zachilengedwe mu ukulu wake wonse.

Mwachikhalidwe, rutaria imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa malo omanga, malo osungirako malo, ndi zipinda zazikulu, zazikulu, momwe dimba loterali pamizu limasewera zokongoletsera zokongola, zofanana ndi chosema mkati. Nthawi zambiri, rutarium imasankhidwa kuti ikhale yamkati mwamkati komanso mwamakono.

Driftwood pakukula bza nyumba. © Lyndsey Matthews

Momwe mungapangire rutarium ndi manja anu?

Mizu ndi matabwa ena - maziko a rutaria

Maziko a rutaria ndi mizu ndi zidutswa zina za mtengo wouma. Zopopera, mitengo yotumphukira, zidutswa zokongola za mizu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kapena m'magulu, kutengedwa kuchokera mumtengo womwewo kapena kuyimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu. Masiku ano, mwayiwo umaperekedwa ndendende ndi mizu, popeza maimidwe awo odabwitsa, mawonekedwe osazolowereka pawokha amawoneka apadera. Maziko otchuka kwambiri a rutaria ndi bromeliad ndi zidutswa zosiyanasiyana za mizu ndi nthambi zosiyidwa pambuyo pa kufa kwa mitengo, mkuntho, ndi mkuntho. M'mabromeliad, mitundu yodabwitsa ndizophatikiza, ndipo kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe achilengedwe kumathandizira kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe okongola azomera zokongoletsera ngati kapangidwe kamtengo. Koma mutha kukwanitsa zomwezo ndi mitengo yodziwika bwino.

Kusankha maziko a rutaria, yesani kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe osangalatsa kwambiri ndi chithunzi chovuta. Mu rutaria, zidutswa zamapulogalamu, zosanja zambiri, zosagwirizana ndizolandiridwa. Chowoneka bwino ndi chosangalatsa chomwe cholengedwa chikhala, ndichabwino. Koma musaiwale za kutengera mawonekedwe ndi mizere yamkati: ngakhale zokongola kwambiri zimayenera kulowa m'chipinda chanu ndi malo omwe mudawagawira. Wunikirani kukhudzika kwa maziko a rutaria, mizere ndi malo omwe ali patali ndi patali: rutarium yeniyeni iyenera kupanga mawonekedwe okukulira malire, mawonekedwe atsopano, kukopa maso, koma osapondereza kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa chake, lingalirani chilichonse: kutalika kwa denga, ndi mizere yotchuka, komanso mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a mipando.

Zidutswa za mtengo mu rutaria zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso mwapadera. Mutha kuzigula m'magawo kapena m'masitolo omanga, sankhani nokha m'nkhalango, paki pakatha mkuntho, m'munda wanu. Koma musaiwale zakufunika kwa mankhwalawa ndi ma antiseptics ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, omwe amachotsa tizilombo, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa khungwa. Ngati mukukonzekera maziko a rutarium nokha, ndiye kuti nkhuni zomwe zasankhidwa zidzafunika:

• kuyeretsa kuchokera m'nthaka, ndipo ngati mukufuna - ndi khungwa;
• kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'magazi a scalding, chithandizo ndi nthunzi kapena antiseptics;
• ating kuyamwa ndi kuphatikiza kwapadera ndi zolengedwa;
• kuphimba ndi varnish kapena zinthu zina zomalizira (mafuta ndi mafuta a wax nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsindika kapangidwe kake).

Ngati mungafune, nkhuni zilizonse zimatha kuphatikizidwa, kuwupatsa kukhala wamtundu kapena mawu ozungulira kuti agwirizane bwino ndi mawonekedwe amkati. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chokongoletsera chowonjezerachi chamkati chamakono. Kukonzanso kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa nkhuni - azure, mafuta, kuphatikiza, varnish.

Kusankhidwa kwa maziko okongola kwambiri sikumaliza kukhazikitsidwa kwa maziko a rutaria: muyenera kuganizira momwe mungakhazikitsire ndikukonza. Ngati m'munda wamaluwa simungaganize za izi, kuwaika pamalo abwino okhala ndi zokutira kapena zofewa, ndiye kuti muzipinda zodyeramo ndikofunikira kulingalira zambiri. Pansi pa rutaria iyenera kukhala yokhazikika, iyenera kuyima mwamphamvu pansi kapena patebulo. Ngati zidzachitike popanda kukhazikika, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita popanda phata loyambira. Koma nthawi zambiri, rutarium imakhazikika mu chidebe kapena chidebe, chomata ndi cholimba komanso cholemera. Pansi pamizu ndi nthambi zimayikidwa ndi kupukutidwa kotero kuti zimayima modalirika ndikusewera pazifukwa zosagwedezeka kwa mbewu. Rutarias nthawi zambiri amamangiriridwa pabokosi lamatabwa kapena thope lolemera kwambiri, mumphika wokhala ndi guluu kapena chosindikizira, koma ngati ungafunike, ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamunsi komanso ndi zomangamanga zodalirika. Kusankhidwa kwa zotengera kapena ma pallets kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito mbewu m'munsi mwa rutaria, ndikuyiyika pazilumba zamiyala kapena "puddles" zamiyala ndi dothi la aquarium. Kukhalapo kwa maziko oterowo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kuyeretsa pamodzi ndi rutarium.

Ngati mulibe mizere yachilengedwe yokwanira kumizere yomwe mbewu zimatha kukhazikika, ndiye kuti mabowo omwe amatsata zachilengedwe amazikika mwapadera. Ganizirani kuyika mbewuzo musanalowetse rutaya, chifukwa kupeta mabowo pambuyo pake kumatha kukhala vuto.

Orchid ndi Succulents Rutary

Zomera za Rutaria

Poyamba, timasungitsa malo omwe mbewu zokongoletsera rutazi zomwe ndi mbewu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophatikizana ndizigawo zosiyanasiyana. Zomera zam'nyumba zimabzalidwe osati pamizu ndi stumps zokha, komanso m'nthaka pansi pa rutaria kapena chidebe momwe rutaria adayikiramo. Kuphatikizika kotere kumasankhidwa pakati pazomera zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, poganizira magawo awiri okha - kuthekera kokula pamlingo wowunikira komwe kukhazikitsidwa rutarium, ndi kulolerana kwachilala (mitundu yokonda chinyezi imafuna kuthirira pafupipafupi, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa nkhuni). Thandizo lotere:

• obzalidwa mumtundu wamba;
• atayikamo zodyera zingapo, ndikudzaza pakati pawo ndi mwala kapena mwala ndi kubisala, potero, pamunsi pa rutaria pamakhala dimba lokhalamo.

Kudzikongoletsa ma sna ndi chovuta kwambiri. Zomera zingabzalidwe mwachindunji mu mizu kapena mitsuko, koma nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa mosiyanasiyana: izi sizikuwononga maziko a rutaria, ndipo kukongoletsa kumafunikira kulimbikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yokhala ndi autowatering kapena hydroponics kumapangitsa kuti kukonza kukhale kosavuta momwe mungathere.

Paz kapangidwe ka rutaria, mbewu zimasankhidwa molingana ndi mfundo zophatikiza ndi kuzindikira kwambiri. Kukongoletsa, kukongola kwachilengedwe, kuzindikira kwazowona ndi mizu ndi nkhuni, kuwongolera ndikutchingira mtengo ndikofunikira kwambiri. Koma zosachepera mawonekedwe ena:

• kuthekera kwa mphukira kapena masamba kubisa tsatanetsatane wa phirilo ndi kuthekera ndi chomera;
• mapira olimba, kuthekera kwakukula m'malingaliro ang'onoang'ono;
• chisamaliro chosasunthika, kusowa kwa zofunika pakumera kwazovuta kapena kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe.

Zomera zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga rutaria zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:

1. Zikhalidwe za Ampel. Amasenda maziko, kufalikira bwino, kupukusa, kubisala, kupereka mawonekedwe achilengedwe.
2. Epiphytes. Zikhalidwe zomwe zimatha kumera osati munthaka, komanso kukhazikika pa khungwa, moss, kukhazikika, ndizabwino

Mwa zina mwazomera zofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe ka rutaria ndi:

• chisoni;
• Hoya
• ivy
• chlorophytum.

Mwa ma epiphytes, abwino kuposa ena oyenera minda yamizu, ndi awa:

• maluwa
• bromeliads;
• nkhalango ya cacti - Schlumbergera ndi ripsalis.

Atmospheric Tillandsia snags

Zowonjezera zazing'ono pakuwoneka bwino

Zokongoletsera zowonjezera za rutaria ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kukwanira kwake kwamapangidwe, kukhulupirika kwa chithunzichi kumaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito miyala, zoumba komanso zokongoletsera zina. Mizere yaying'ono kapena miyala yokhala ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe imasankhidwa pazifukwa zokongola, ziyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi zinthu zamatabwa ndi zomera, zodziwika ngati mwatsatanetsatane wachilengedwe. Zochita za ceramic ndi zopangira zimatha kukhala zokongoletsa, koma zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti mutsirize mawonekedwe a rutaria.