Zamage ndi imodzi mwazomera zofala kwambiri zokongoletsera, ulimi komanso zamkati. Mwina, sizingatheke kutchulapo chomera chimodzi chomwe mitundu ina ya tizilombo sizingadye. Panthawi yamafamu akuluakulu obiriwira pafupi ndizovuta kuwononga. Mwabwino kwambiri, ziwerengero zawo zimasungidwa pamlingo womwe sungakhudze msika wazogulitsa (maluwa, kapena zipatso).
Ma thrips, kapena bubbly (lat. Thysanoptera).
Mbali za zopondera ngati tizirombo tomera
Ma thrips, kapena bubbly (Lat. Thysanoptera) - tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Pafupifupi mitundu 2000 ya mitundu yopitilira zana imadziwika. Pamalo atatha Soviet, pali mitundu yopitilira 300.
Thupi la thrips limakhala lalitali, kutalika kuchokera ku 0,5 mpaka 14 mm (nthawi zambiri 1-2 mm). Zilonda zapakhomo zokhala ngati zamkamwa. Miyendo ya mitundu yambiri ndi yochepa, kuthamanga. Ma paws amakhala ndi dzino komanso chida chovutikira. Kukula kumachitika motere: dzira, mphutsi, pronymph, nymph, imago. Mabuu ndi nymph ali ndi mibadwo ingapo.
Makalidwe a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi kopanda chidwi: Mitundu yakuda, imvi ndi yofiirira imakhala yayikulu. Ming'alu yopondera ndi yoyera-chikasu, imaso.
Kuzindikiritsa mitundu ya thrips ndizovuta chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kocheperako komanso kusinthika kwakanthawi. Ambiri omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zokongoletsera, ma dracenic, rosé, fodya, babu ndi mitundu ina ya kuponyera.
Tsamba la Microcarp ficus lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi kupindika.
Mitundu ingapo yaming'onoting'ono yaying'ono yamtundu wa herbivorous tsopano imatengedwa ngati tizirombo owopsa azomera zobzalidwa. Amayamwa madzi kuchokera pamasamba, maluwa ndi zipatso, amanyamula mavairasi, ndi kuipitsa mbewu ndi masamba awo. Mitundu yambiri ya ma thrips imadziwika ndi moyo wobisika komanso kukula kwa gulu la mphutsi. Ma throut amatha kukhala pachomera chimodzi pakati pa gulu lonse, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kudziwa zoyambirira za maonekedwe awo.
Chikhalidwe cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewu ndi ma thrips
Mphutsi ndi achikulire kuponyera kuyamwa kuyamwa cell kuchokera chomera. Poyamba, izi zimayambitsa kuwoneka ngati mawanga achikaso kapena osatulutsa, mikwingwirima kapena chingwe chachilendo; pang'onopang'ono mikwingwirima iyi ndi mawanga zimaphatikizana. Zomera zowonongeka zimafa, mabowo amapanga zotsatira; masamba amasowa ndikugwa. Maluwa amataya kukongoletsa kwawo ndikugwa msanga.
Pakumera kambiri pazomera, mitengo yam "silvery" imawoneka, kupindika kwa phesi kumadziwika. Kuwonongeka kwa maluwa kumapangitsa maluwa. Zotsatira za kuponya ziwonetsero zimafotokozera.
Zizindikiro zakunja zoponyera pa ficus wa microcarp.
Ma throut nawonso ndi oopsa chifukwa ndiwonyamula matenda oopsa a chomera. Zopindulitsa zambiri ndi ma polyphages, ndiko kuti, zimawononga pafupifupi mbewu zonse.
Kupewa
Kuuma kwambiri kwa mpweya m'chipindamo kapena wowonjezera kutentha kuyenera kupewedwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi ndi nthawi muzikonza zofunikira kusamba.
Yang'anani pafupipafupi maluwa ndi masamba a mbewu. Pamunsi pa tsamba mungathe kuwona masamba (oyera-achikasu kapena oyera otuwa) opindika, pomwe, amatha kusuntha mwachangu kwambiri. Mutha kupezanso achikulire, mtundu wa nondescript brownish kapena wachikasu, nthawi zina wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa.
Zisoti zomatira - mikwingwirima ya buluu kapena yachikaso yopendekera pakati pazomera - zimangothandiza kuti muzitha kudziwa nthawi yochepa, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake.
Zofunika: mphukira zimasunthidwa mosavuta kuchoka pachomera chodwalacho ndikupita zamtundu woyima pafupi.
Njira zothanirana ndi kuponyera
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda! Amaswana mwachangu kwambiri - pamatenthedwe oyenera kwa iwo (ndipo kwa mitundu yambiri iyi ndi kutentha chabe kwa chipinda - + 20 ... + 25 ° C) amatha kubwereza manambala awo m'masiku 4-6.
Ngati timitengo timapezeka pazomera, ndikofunikira kupenda mbewu zapafupi, chifukwa kupindika kumatha kusunthidwa mosavuta kuzomera zoyandikana.
Maluwa a zukini adakhudzidwa ndi kupindika.
Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kupatula mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zathanzi. Patulani mbewu mosamala: mukasuntha mbewu zomwe zasinthidwa, mphutsi zimatha kuphuka ndipo akuluakulu amatha mosavuta kusiya masamba ndipo amatha kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuti akhazikikenso pazomera.
Pomwe mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matchero ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino, ndipo dothi losakanizika kwambiri la dothi m'miphika liyenera kuchotsedwa pazomera zomwe zimakonzedwa.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala Ngati pakadali pano mulibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiye kuti mutha kutsuka chomera ndi chinkhupule ndi sopo wochapira, komabe, uku ndi kwakanthawi, ndipo sikupereka kuchotsera.
Ma thrips amawongolera mankhwala
- Fitoverm: sungunulani 2ml mu 200 ml ya madzi. Kuthira mbewu yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi yankho lake, mutapopera, kuyika thumba la pulasitiki pamtengowo, limatha kuchotsedwa tsiku limodzi.
- Vertimek: Sungunulani 2.5 ml ya mankhwalawa mu 10 l madzi. Kuthira mbewu yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi yankho lake, mutapopera, ikani thumba la pulasitiki loonekera pamalowo, thumba limatha kuchotsedwa tsiku limodzi.
- Agravertine: Mulingo wa kumwa: 5 ml pa 0,5 lita ya madzi. Pamatenthedwe pansi pa +18 madigiri, imalowa molakwika m'matipi a chomera. Kuthira mbewu yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi yankho lake, mutapopera, ikani thumba la pulasitiki loonekera pamalowo, thumba limatha kuchotsedwa tsiku limodzi.
- Actelik: Sungunulani madzi okwanira mu madzi okwanira 1 litre (ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri). Kuthira mbewu yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi yankho lake, mutapopera, ikani thumba la pulasitiki loonekera pamtengowo, thumba limatha kuchotsedwa tsiku limodzi.
- Karate: Mulingo wa kumwa: 0,5 ml pa malita 2,5 a madzi (mu muloule wa 2 ml).
- Chinsinsi: njira yothetsera mavutowa siyenera kuthiridwa madzi, koma kuthira pamtunda wa chomera chodwala.
- Karbofos: kuchuluka kwake: 15 g pa 2 malita. madzi (mapaketi a 60 ndi 30 magalamu).
- Malowedwe: kuchuluka kwa piritsi: 1 piritsi losungunuka 10 malita. madzi. Kuthira mbewu yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi yankho lake, mutapopera, ikani thumba la pulasitiki loonekera pamtengowo, thumba limatha kuchotsedwa tsiku limodzi.
Akuluakulu komanso amasangalatsa mphutsi.
Makonzedwe akuyenera kuchitidwa kawiri kawiri ndi masiku 7-10, pamene mphutsi zimang'amba pang'onopang'ono kuchokera mazira omwe adayikidwa masamba a dzira.
Zithandizo za anthu zimatha kupindika
Zithandizo zingapo za anthu zimathandizira pang'onopang'ono chomera chokhala ndi kupindika, koma ngati chotupa chikhale chachikulu, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizirana ndi tizirombo tomwe timalowera pamalowo ndikuchita chomera.
Malingaliro amagwiritsidwa ntchito: mpiru zokwawa, mpiru wa Sarepta, tsabola wa chilli, fodya weniweni, yarrow, celandine wamkulu.
Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, polimbana ndi kuponyera, nthata zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito: Amblyseius cucumeris, Amblyseius barken, Amblyseius degenerans, bugs Orius laevigatus, Orius majusculus.
