Gynostemma ndi woimira dzungu lautundu. Kuphatikiza pa dzina lake lalikulu, chikhalidwechi chimatchedwanso zitsamba za kusafa, ginseng lakumwera ndi giaogulan. Imakhala ndi nthawi yotalika pafupifupi 8 metre, kutalika pafupifupi 20 mitundu.
Zambiri
Kuthengo, nthambi za chikhalidwe ndizopatsidwa ulemu. Masamba a mbewuyo ndi akulu, ali ndi mawonekedwe amkati a kanjedza ndipo amagawika magawo asanu olekanitsidwa ndi lanceolate okhala ndi malembedwe abwino. M'chilimwe, amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira ndipo kumapeto kwake amakhala ofiira. Kunja, gynostemma amafanana ndi mphesa zamtchire.
Nthawi yamaluwa yomwe mbewuyi imagwa mu Julayi ndipo imatha mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa, okhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa oyera kapena azitona. Ndi isanayambike chisanu choyamba, gawo lapadziko lapansi lachikhalidwe limafa lisanachitike kutentha. Nthawi yonse yokukula, nthambi ndi masamba a chomera amatha kudulira ndikuwapangira mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Gynostemma imakulidwa ngati bwalo, yolumikizika pozungulira. M'mbuyomu adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikhalidwe chokhazikika cham'nyumba, komabe, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, mbewuyo idasinthidwa kukhala mabedi amunda.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Gynostemma Asanu wokhala ndi ana - Malo omwe mbewuyo ndi China. Chikhalidwe chake chimakhala chophukira, chopyapyala, chokhala ndi masamba amamphukira kufikira kutalika kwa mita 8. Masamba a masamba ndi apakatikati, ovuta-kanjira ndi ma serated m'mphepete mwa petioles. M'chilimwe, amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, ndipo pofika m'dzinja, mtundu umasinthika kukhala wofiyira. Zomera zimayambira mu Julayi mpaka Ogasiti. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa, amatengedwa m'mabichi akulu a oyera kapena oyera a maolivi. Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso zazing'ono zakuda zimapangidwa ndi nthanga pakati.
M'banja la chikhalidwe ichi, pali mitundu 20, yomwe ilipo gynostemma blumei, chissoides, pedatum, siamicum ndi trigynum. Popeza chomera sichimawoneka kwenikweni ngati munda wobalidwa, ndiye kuti palibe chidziwitso pa mitundu yake.
Kubzala kwa gynostemma ndi kusamalira poyera
Podzala, ndikofunikira kusankha madera omwe ali ndi dzuwa ndi mthunzi wowala. Popeza chikhalidwechi ndi mpesa ndipo chimaluka, chimafuna kuthandizidwa, pachifukwa ichi chibzalidwe pafupi ndi mpanda, gazebo kapena mauna otambasulidwa, pomwe amatha kuluka. M'chilimwe, gynostemma imakula mpaka 10 metres.
Ndikofunikira kubzala mbewuyo panthaka yopepuka pakati pa Meyi. Musanadzalemo gynostemma, muyenera kukonzekera dzenje lalikulu, ndikupanga dothi labwino la mchenga wowuma ndikudzaza ndi kusakaniza kwa nthaka, komwe kuphatikiza dothi lachonde losakanizika ndi kompositi pakukula kwa 1: 1.
Dzenje likakonzedwa, ndikofunikira kuti mupangiremo kanthu, muchotsere mmera muchombo chomwe mudakuliramo, ndikuwusamutsira kudzenje ndikuwuthira pansi, ndikuwudzaza ndi dothi lotsalira ndikusenda pang'ono. Nthawi yobzala ikamalizidwa, mbewuyo iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri ndipo kamaama uyenera kuzikiridwa ndi nyemba kapena kompositi.
Mphesa za atsikana ndilinso chomera chokongoletsera chomwe chili ndi masamba okongola. Amabzalidwa nthawi yobzala ndi kusamalira poyera popanda zovuta, ngati mumatsatira malamulo aulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira Gynostemma
Thirani mbewuyo pafupipafupi, pafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka. Iyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi chomeracho siyiyenera kupukuta, ikangokhala yonyowa pang'ono, koma yopanda chinyezi.
Ngati dzinja lili lotentha komanso louma, ndiye kuti wolima mundawo azichita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa m'mawa ndi madzulo. Mukathirira kapena mvula, dothi lomwe lili pabedi lokhala ndi gynostemma liyenera kumasulidwa, ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Dothi la Gynostemma
Musanabzalire mbeu pamunda, ndikofunikira kukumba kabedi posakaniza dothi lanthumba ndi manyowa, kompositi ndi dothi lakuda.
Chisamaliro chimayenera kuthandizanso pokoka ngalande. Itha kupangidwa kuchokera ku dongo labwino kwambiri kapena mchenga wowuma. Chifukwa cha zomwe dziko lapansi lidzadutse komanso kukhala chinyezi, osalola kuti zigwirizane ndi mizu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke.
Kupatsira kwa Gynostemma
Pochulukitsa, chomera chomera pamalo osafunikira sichifunikira. Chifukwa chake, pasadakhale muyenera kusankha malo abwino oti mubzalemo ndi nthaka yachonde komanso ngalande zabwino.
Ndi zikhalidwe zazikulu zokha zomwe zimamera kunyumba zomwe zimasinthidwa pomwe mphika utaphwa chifukwa cha mizu.
Feteleza wa Gynostemma
M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, mmera suyenera kudyetsedwa. M'nyengo yotsatira, alimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza "Kemira", yemwe ali ndi zofunikira zonse za kufufuza gynostemma. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse pamafunika kuthira 30-30 magalamu a umuna kamodzi pa nyengo.
Wogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikiza ndi manyowa, omwe sangangokhala giaogulan ndi zinthu zofunikira, komanso kupewa kuyanika dothi.
Maluwa gynostemma
Zomera zimayamba kuchokera mu Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu mu mawonekedwe a brushes otayirira azithunzi zoyera kapena azitona okhala ndi fungo labwino. Chithunzichi chitatha, mbewu zimayamba kukhazikika.
Amayimiridwa ndi zipatso zozungulira, zazing'ono, zamtundu wakuda wokhala ndi njere mkati. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula mbande ndikufalitsa gynostemma ndi njira yambewu.
Kuyesa kwa Gynostemma
Zomera sizifunikira kupanga kudulira. Nthambi zokhala ndi masamba zimadulidwa makamaka pokonzekera mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Kudulira kumachitidwanso musanakonzekere nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, mphukira zonse zomwe zimapezeka zimadulidwa kumizu pamodzi ndi masamba, muyenera kusiya chitsa chokha.
Kukonzekera kwa Gynostemma nthawi yozizira
Chikhalidwe chimapirira chisanu mpaka madigiri 18 ndipo chimatha kuzizira popanda mavuto pansi pa chipale chofewa popanda pogona. Komabe, nyengo yotentha kapena yozizira kwambiri, mizu yake imatha kuzizira popanda pogona.
Kuti mupewe vutoli, muyenera kudula gawo lomalirolo kumapeto kwa Okutobala ndikuwaphimba ndi masamba owuma, nthambi za spruce kapena peat. Chapakatikati, chisanu chikasowa, gynostemma imatsegulidwa ndipo mphukira zake zobiriwira zimayamba kukula ndikupindika.
Kulima mbewu ya Gynostemma
Njira yofalitsira mbewu imaphatikizapo kufesa mbewu pomera mbande. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewu zimatengedwa ndikunyowa kwa maola 24 m'madzi ofunda. Kutenga kwawo kumachitika mu February m'miphika wothira humus ndi mchenga. Mbewu zitha kubzalidwe pamalo oyambira mbande.
Afunika kuzilitsidwa ndi mainchesi atatu. Mutabzala, dothi mumaphika limasungunuka ndikuphimbidwa ndi kanema kuti apange greenhouse. Kamodzi patsiku, mbande ziyenera kupitilizidwa kwamphindi 15.
Kuti mbande zikulire mwachangu ziyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chofunda. Zikamera zitatuluka, filimuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa. Akazika mizu ndikulimbikitsidwa, amathanso kuikidwa munthaka ndikusinthana ndi digger.
Kufalikira kwa gynostemma ndi masamba odulidwa
Njira yovutirapo kwambiri ndiyo kupanga gynostemma pogwiritsa ntchito pepala ndi chogwirira. Kuti muchite izi, dulani nthambi yayitali ndikusankha mphukira yopangidwa bwino komanso yathanzi. Kenako, kudula kokhotera kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja ndipo kwinako pansi pa pepalako kumapangidwira pamwamba pa pepalalo, atachotsa masentimita 1.5. Zotsatira zomwe zimayamwa zimabzyala m'nthaka, ndikuziwonjezera mpaka tsamba.
Mutabzala zidutswazo, nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi yankho ndikufinya dothi mozungulira mphukira. Kenako malo ozungulira mbandewo akuyenera kuwumbika ndi kompositi. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mpaka mbewuyo itazika mizu, muyenera kuwunika kutentha ndi chinyezi cha zosakaniza za dothi.
Tizilombo ta Gynostemma
Popeza mbewuyo ndi yaungu dzungu, imatha kuwonongeka ndi tizilombo ndi matenda omwewo monga mbewu zonse zungu. Tizilombo zoyipa kwambiri za mbeuyo zimaganiziridwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude.
Ngati gynostemma idayamba pukuta masamba, ndipo mphukira zimakutidwa ndi ma cobwebs, ndiye uwu ndi umboni wa matenda omwe ali ndi akangaude. Mukapanda kuyamba chithandizo chanthawi yake, ndiye kuti chomera chimafa.
Popeza majeremusi amakula nthawi yotentha komanso youma, chikhalidwecho chimayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri, chotsani namsongole ndi zinyalala zouma momwe zimakhazikika. Mukadwala kachilombo, mbewuyo imatha kuthira ndi kulowetsedwa kwa ma anyezi kapena kuthandizidwa ndi "Aktara" tizirombo.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa aphid gynostemma, Masamba adakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima ndikuyamba kupindika, komanso poyang'ana masamba, tizirombo titha kuwapeza mkati mwawo. Kuwawononga kudzathandiza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo ndi mankhwala "Karbofos".
Matenda a Gynostemma
Mwa matenda, chiwopsezo cha mbewu ndi zovuta za bacteriology. Bacteriosis imadziwoneka yokha mawonekedwe a mawanga amdima pamasamba. Kuti athetse matenda, giaogulan amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena mkuwa wa chloride.
Zomera zikakhudzidwa ndi zowola zoyera, chidacho choyera chimapezeka pamasamba, masamba, ndi mizu. Kuti muchotse matendawa, ndikofunikira kudula malo owonongeka pachikhalidwe ndikuwaza malo omwe amadulira ndi makala, pambuyo pake amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mkuwa wamkuwa.
Mizu imawonekera kuzika kwa mizu ndi zimayambira. Tsoka ilo, kuthetsa matenda awa sikugwira ntchito. Chomera chodwala chiyenera kukumbidwa ndikuwonongedwa. Komabe, matenda oopsa ngati amenewa atha kupewedwa ndikuchotsa maudzu ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wosakhala muzu.
At mawonekedwe a potyoka potayira masamba, titha kuyankhula zakugonjetsedwa kwa mbewuyo ndi powdery mildew. Kuthana ndi matendawa kungathandize kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi sodium phosphate kapena colloidal sulfure.
Ngati mlimi akufuna kupanga gynostemma ngati chomera, ndiye kuti ayenera kupewa matenda ndi tizilombo tosakhazikika, popeza mbewu zopangidwa ndi mankhwala sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukolola.
Gynostemma masamba asanu masamba opindulitsa
Popeza chomera ichi sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu pharmacology, sichinapangidwe pamankhwala achikhalidwe chothandizira matenda, omwe sanganenedwe panjira zina zamankhwala, pomwe amatchuka kwambiri chifukwa ali ndi chilengedwe chofanana ndi ginseng.
Zoti gynostemma ili ndi zambiri zothandiza zimadziwika kwawo kwawo ku China, komwe amagwiritsa ntchito popanga mankhwala azachipatala. Masamba a chomera amalola aku China kuti azikhala ndi thanzi, unyamata komanso kugwira ntchito mpaka zaka zana limodzi. Pazakuchiritsa kwazikhalidwe, anthu adaphunzira zaka mazana awiri zapitazo atayamba kuzigwiritsa ntchito pochiritsa matenda osiyanasiyana.
Masamba achichepere ndi mphukira za gynostemma zimakoma pang'ono. Chomera chili ndi mavitamini, calcium, magnesium, zinc, potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi selenium, zomwe ndizofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa thupi la munthu. Nthambi ndi masamba a giaogulan zimakhala ndi saponins oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu, pomwe mu ginseng muli pafupifupi makumi atatu okha.
Kutenga pafupipafupi mankhwala a giaogulan, mutha kuwonjezera mphamvu, kugwira ntchito ndi thanzi. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi kuti ndalama zomwe zimaphatikizapo chikhalidwe ichi zimayenera kutengedwa ndi osewera komanso anthu omwe amalimbikira kugwira ntchito.
Gynostemma mu mankhwala achikhalidwe ku China
Anthu achi China amaperekabe msonkho kwa mankhwala achikhalidwe. M'maphikidwe awo, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito gynostemma koyambirira kwa zaka khumi ndi zitatu. Oyamba kuwona zotsatira za chomera anali amfumu ndi olimbikitsidwa awo. Amakonda komanso amakonda kupanga tiyi kuchokera masamba, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ziwathandiza kukhala ndi moyo wautali.
Chinese phytotherapists amalangizidwa kutenga gynostemma ndalama zolimbitsa thupi ndi malingaliro. Pali zokonzekera zambiri komanso tiyi pamsika waku China womwe umaphatikizapo giaogulan. Njira zochokera pachomerazi zimatha kuchiritsa matenda ambiri, kutsitsa thupi, kusintha dongosolo lamkati, kuchepetsa kuchepa, kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe kachakudya kagulidwe kazinthu ndi ma oxygen.
Ginostemma imakhala ndi zopindulitsa pamatumbo, pakubala, pakulimbana ndi chitetezo chamthupi komanso machitidwe amanjenje. Mankhwala akum'mawa, zakudya zamagetsi zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku mbewu iyi pofuna kulimbitsa thupi ndizovuta zake.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali kuyambira ku giaogulan monga gawo la chithandizo chovuta, ndikotheka kusintha mkhalidwe wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, matenda oopsa, kunenepa kwambiri komanso atherosulinosis. Gynostemma imathandizira kuthana ndi zovuta izi chifukwa zimachepetsa chiwopsezo cha glycemic, zimakhazikitsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, zimakhazikitsa njira za metabolic komanso zimathandizira kulemera, komanso zimatsuka makoma a cholesterol.
Chomera ndichabwino kwambiri kupewera magazi, khansa, chitukuko cha matenda oopsa, kuwopsa kwa mtima ndi stroko. Tiyi ya Gynostemma imalimbikitsidwa kumwa kwa anthu omwe akuchita mkangano, wamaganizo kapena olimbika.
Kupanga tiyi kwa Gynostemma
Kupanga tiyi wathanzi pachomera ichi, muyenera kuthira supuni 1.5 zamasamba owuma a jiaogulan ndi kapu yamadzi otentha. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito masamba atsopano a gynostemma, koma adzafunika supuni zitatu.
Tiyi iyenera kupukutidwa kwa mphindi zisanu, pambuyo pake izikhala yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chomera chimatha kupangidwa maulendo 6 motsatana. Kuti mupereke zotsatira zoyenera, muyenera kumwa magalasi atatu a tiyi tsiku limodzi.
Contraindication pa gynostemma
Palibe zotsutsana pakugwiritsa ntchito gynostemma, chifukwa chake aliyense angagwiritse ntchito. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakusala chomera, ndibwino kuti asatenge ndalama pokhazikapo.
Odwala othamanga ayenera kusamala akamamwa tiyi kuchokera ku giaogulan, chifukwa nthawi zina amathandizira magazi. Omwe ali ndi vuto la kusowa tulo ayenera kumwa tiyi kutengera mbewuyo asanadutse maola anayi asanagone.
Amayi am'tsogolo komanso omata sayenera kutenga ndalama malinga ndi gynostemma, chifukwa sizikudziwika momwe angakhudzire matupi awo.
Pomaliza
M'minda yathu yotentha, mbewuyi imatha kupezeka pafupipafupi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito onse kukongoletsa komanso mankhwala, ngati mukufuna kupeza mtengo wapadera uwu komanso wothandiza kukwera, onetsetsani kuti mukuchita.
