Kubzala ndi kusamalira arabis panja: mitundu, chithunzi

Arabu ndi a gulu la osatha, kuyimira banja lopachikidwa. Malo ake achilengedwe ndi mapiri komanso matanthwe. Nthawi zambiri, zojambula zokongola izi zimapezeka kumapiri a ku Europe, North America ndi Asia.

Chidwi mu mtengowu ndiwokwera kwambiri, komabe, siolima onse oyamba kumene omwe amadziwa bwino za kulima ndi kusamalira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalepheretsa mbewu kuti iwonetse zokongoletsa zake zonse.

Arabis: Kufotokozera ndi mitundu

Chomera chomwe chimapezeka pansi, chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi nkhaka, ndi cha gulu laling'ono komanso lalitali masentimita 30. Chifukwa chake, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapezeka pamunda wamdima arboretum, rockery ndi rock rock.

Chomera ichi chimawoneka chachilendo chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kodabwitsa masamba a emarodi owala ndi pinki, kirimu, lilac komanso oyera-chipale inflorescence, yomwe ili zokongoletsera zazikulu za arabis.

Mtengowo ndi wodabwitsa chifukwa umasunga utoto wowoneka nthawi zonse pamtenthedwe komanso nyengo yotentha. Ngati pali chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa, arabis amasangalala ngakhale kutentha kwambiri kwa chisanu.

Sizodziwika kuti chomera ichi chimadziwika ndi dzina lotere, chifukwa chinachipeza chifukwa chachilendo. Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu ya masamba omwe alipo Tsitsi lolimbaamatha kuvulaza manja mosavuta.

Chomera cham'mapiri chino chimadziwika ndi ambiri ngati "bunny dzuwa"Dzinali limawoneka bwino kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo, ndilabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kununkhira bwino kwa kapeti wamaluwa.

Pakadali pano, zoyeserera za obereketsa zakwanitsa kupanga mitundu 200 ya mbewuyi, yomwe yoposa zana - Mitundu yosakanizidwaokhala ndi matchulidwe okongoletsa, motero ndi ofunikira kwambiri mwa wamaluwa.

Chosangalatsa kwambiri pakati pawo ndi mitundu iwiri ya arabis:

• Caucasus
• mapiri.

Arabis waku Caucasian

Chofunikira kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengoyi ndi kukhalapo kwake mizu yamphamvu. Tili othokoza kuti zipatso zam'madzi za Caucasus zimamera bwino m'mapiri, pomwe mizu yake imapeza malo okhala mkati mwake.

Tchire lomwe limakongoletsedwa ndi masamba a emarodi ndilobiriwira ndipo ndilotalika osaposa masentimita 15. Monga lamulo, amakula mpaka kutalika kwa 30- 40 cm.

Panthawi imeneyi, mumatha kumva fungo labwino kwambiri, komanso kusangalala pang'ono maluwa ofiira ndi oyera. Caucasian arabis imawonetsedwa pamtunda wamtchire, komanso mtundu wamakhalidwe, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu ziwembu komanso malo obiriwira.

Arabis alpine

Mtunduwu umathanso kugunda wam'munda aliyense waluso. Amadziyang'ana yekha ndi fungo lachilendo, komanso kupezeka pachitsamba chachikulu masamba oyera ndi ofiira.

Nthawi zambiri limamasula mkati mwa Epulo. Imatha kupezeka pansi pa ming'alu ya m'mapiri komanso pakati pa miyala, pomwe imakhalapo mosavuta. Mitundu ya achikulire imatha kukula mpaka 18−20 cm.

Mitundu ya ma arabis omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa si okhawo, kupatula iwo, pali mitundu ina yambiri yoyenera kuyang'aniridwa.

Mndandandawu ukhoza kuphatikiza mitundu iyi: ma bryophytes arabis atha (amakula ku Balkan), odala ndi mbewu zina zamapiri zokongola.

Maluwa oyamba amatulutsa mu Meyi, ndipo ambiri a iwo amapangidwa, koma chithunzicho sichikhala motalika - masiku 20-30 okha.

Ma brashi inflorescences, omwe amabweretsa chisangalalo chosayiwalika, amayimiridwa ndi chiwerengero chachikulu maluwa osavuta komanso awiriokhala ndi mandimu, ofiirira kapena otuwa. Pambuyo maluwa, arabis amayamba kubala zipatso, ndikupanga nyemba zosankhika zomwe zimakhala ndi njere zofiirira.

Kubzala mbewu za arabis panthaka

Nthawi zambiri, pofufuza mbewu za mapira a mapiri, alimi ambiri amachita izi mophweka ndikutengera m'misika yamaluwa. Komabe, musanagule mbewu, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yabwino kubzala.

• Mphindi yabwino kwambiri ya izi imachitika mu kugwa komanso pakati pa masika. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa ayenera kuti adakonza kale zodzaza panthawiyi. Pakadali pano, dothi liyenera kutentha mpaka madigiri 20 Celsius.
• Mukabzala, sikulimbikitsidwa kukumba mbewu zakuya kwambiri. Itha kuyikika 5 mm pamwamba pa nthaka.
• Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mbeu zam'mera, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro chomwe chimakwirira malo ofesedwa.

Ngakhale kupezeka kwakukulu kwa njirayi, imakupatsani mwayi wokwaniritsa zotsatira zapamwamba ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo. Zotsatira zake, muyenera kuthirira mbewuzo pafupipafupi, osaganiza zopanga ngalande.

Muzochitika zotere, mbewu sizimamera zokha zokha, komanso pachimake mofulumira. Kuti mumvetsetse kuti mbande zitha kuikidwa kumalo okhazikika, ndizotheka ndikuwoneka masamba awo awiri kapena atatu.

Kuti tchire la arabis limere kukula kwake, liyenera kuyikidwa mukadzala osachepera 40 cm kupatula wina ndi mnzake. Mwina wina akufuna kujambula zokongola zamaluwa kuchokera ku arabis. Pakadali pano, mbewu zitatu kapena zinayi ziyenera kubzalidwe pachitsime chimodzi.

Komabe, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima, chifukwa ma arabis adzayamba kuphuka chaka chamawa. Ngakhale, ngati mukufunitsitsa kudziwa momwe mbande zomwe mudabzala zikuwoneka, mutha kusankha mitundu yapadera yomwe ingathe kutulutsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

Mukakhala ndi zitsamba zokhwima za arabis, mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pobereka. Chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kudula. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungachepetsa tchire, musataye nthambi zodulidwa.

Kusamalira mbewu

Kuti chitukuko chikhale bwino, chimakhala chofunikira kuthirira. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimangofunika chinyezi nthawi ya chilala. Ngakhale arabis imatha kumera panthaka iliyonse, imamva bwino ngati mutachoka kumasula dothi pafupipafupi.

Kuti mutabzala mbewu posachedwa kusintha, ndikupanga masamba atsopano, mukadzala muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kusakaniza kwa dothi ndi mchenga. Kenako pakangotha ​​miyezi iwiri kapena itatu mudzakhudzidwa ndi fungo lokhala ndi maluwa komanso losayiwalika.

Chiarabu ndi chomera chonyansa ndipo poganiza kuti saopa matenda ndi tizilombo tina. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa akumva bwino osati m'mundamo, komanso m'mapanga aku mapiri.

Pozolowera kukulira m'mapiri, Alpine arabis amawonetsa kusasamala m'mundamo, popanda kudzipangitsa chidwi chokha.

Komabe, ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa zowoneka bwino komanso kulemera kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira nthawi yonse ya chilimwe kudyetsakugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wa mchere. Ndipo kwanthawi yoyamba iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka mutabzala.

Kuswana kwachiArabu

Mwa alimi ambiri, njira yolimidwira nthawi zambiri imabzala mbeu. Komabe, pamitundu yake ya terry imaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina - kufalitsa ndi kudula kapena kugawa chitsamba.

1. Pofalitsa pofesa mbewu, ndikofunikira koyamba kudziwa nthawi yoyenera kufesa. Ngakhale kulima mbewu zamtundu wa Arabia ndi njira yodziwika bwino, ndibwino kuchita izi kumapeto kwa mvula kapena kugwa.
2. Njira yothandizira kuswana arabis ndikugawa chitsamba. Kukula patsamba lanu 3-4 chitsamba cha Arabu kungakupatseni magawo 20 okhwima. Ndikofunika kuchita ndikusintha kwawo m'nthaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kuwona momwe masanjidwe azomera 30 × 30 cm.
3. Arabis alpine imatha kufalitsidwa ndi zodula tsiku lililonse kuyambira Meyi mpaka June. Mphukira zomwezo zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikololedwe kuchokera pamwamba pa chitsamba. Izi zikuyenera kukhala nthambi zazitali masentimita 7-8. Mapepala awiri omwe ali kumapeto kwa tsinde ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo tsinde liyenera kusinthidwa kupita kudzenje lomwe lakonzedwa.

Mizu yamaluwa imachitika mwachangu, nthawi zambiri sizitengera milungu itatu. M'nyengo yotentha, amapanga mizu yopanga bwino, kotero m'dzinja mumatha kumuyang'ana malo okhazikika.

Arabis ndiyotchuka ndi wamaluwa osati chifukwa chamaluwa okongola. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zosakulitsa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kukongoletsa zinthu zina za munda.

Poganizira kuti m'malo azachilengedwe, arabis amakula m'mphepete mwa mapiri, ngakhale woyambitsa sangakhale ndi mavuto akakulanso m'munda.

Yofunika kubzala makamaka pofesa, chifukwa ndi nthawi imeneyi yomwe mbewu zam'tsogolo zimapangidwa. Koma mtsogolo sizidzafunika chisamaliro chachikulu, chifukwa arabis amataya mtima modekha ndi kuvala pafupipafupi komanso kuthirira.