Kubzala moyenera ndikusamalira mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse

Boxwood (buxus, axlebox, mtengo wamwala) wakhala akudziwika ngati chitsamba chokongoletsera nthawi zonse kwa nthawi yayitali. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri zokometsa ndi kupanga mipanda. Ndi pulasitiki, limalekerera kumeta mosavuta, ndipo ngakhale nthawi yozizira imadzitamandira.

Zambiri pazomera

Boxwood ndi ya mtundu zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 100. Kuthengo, buchs amakula ku Mediterranean, East Africa, Asia Minor, Central America, ndi Caucasus.

Buchus ndi chitsamba chomwe chimamera chachilengedwe mpaka 15 mita, mchikhalidwe, nthawi zambiri sizikhala zapamwamba kuposa mamita 6. Chisoti chakuthwa cha chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi masamba owala, achikopa, onunkhira bwino. Mbali yakumwambayi ya masamba ndi yakuda bii, masamba pansi ndi achikasu - obiriwira.

M'masiku athu ano, ma buxus samakonda kuphuka. Chikasu chaching'ono, chonunkhira - maluwa obiriwira amawonekera mu Marichi - Epulo.

Mitundu ya boxwood

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri mdziko lathu ndi:

• wobiriwira nthawi zonse kapena wamba;
• ana aang'ono;
• Colchic kapena Caucasian;
• Balearic.

Box evergreen imapezeka kum'mwera kwa dzikolo monga chodzikongoletsera komanso chomera chamtchire (ku Caucasus). Kukula zotheka muzithunzi zochepa komanso dzuwa.

Kwawo ocheperako boxwood ndi Japan ndi Korea. Chifukwa chake, mtunduwu umakhala kugonjetsedwa ndi kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira ndipo ngakhale popanda pogona umatha kupirira chisanu kumathandizira madigiri 30. Colchis boxwood yalembedwa mu Red Book. Iye ndi chiwindi chachitali komanso zoyerekeza zimadziwika kuti zakhalapo pafupifupi zaka 600. Imakula msinkhu mpaka 20 metres ndi thunthu mulifupi mwake 30 cm.

Balearic boxwood ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri. Masamba ake ndiotalika mpaka 4 cm ndi 3 cm mulifupi. Osiyanasiyana pakukula msanga, mawonekedwe apamwamba okongoletsa. Zima nthawi yozizira zimatheka pokhapokha pamtunda wabwino.

Kubzala boxwood evergreen

Sankhani malo oyandikira pasadakhale: owala, koma opanda dzuwa lowongolera.

Buchus amalima pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa dothi, koma dothi ndi labwino kubzala:

• wodala;
• kusalowerera ndale;
• chotsekeramo madzi.

Makamaka chidwi chake chiyenera kulipidwa kuti madzi akumwa. Izi shrub ndi chabe sichidzakula m'dera lomwe madzi amasowa. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuti mukule bwino mumaluwa akuluakulu.

Nthawi yabwino yodzala mbande zazing'ono ku Moscow kapena Leningrad m'dzinja. Zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi kuti muzu wa nkhwangwa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yobzala iyenera kuwerengedwa kuti mmera udazike mizu isanayambe chisanu woyamba. Zomera zochepera zaka zitatu zitha kubzalidwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka kupatula nthawi yozizira.

Mukamagula mbande, zifufuzeni mosamala: masamba ndi mphukira azikhala opusa komanso wobiriwira. Masamba okhala ndi mawanga achikasu akuwonetsa kuti chitsamba chidzafa posachedwa.

Kulengera kumachitika dzuwa litalowa kapena tsiku lamitambo. Kukumba dzenje kukula kwake pafupifupi katatu kuchuluka kwa chikomokere chadothi mmera. Kudzala hedge, kumakumba ngalande. Denga lamadzi lakhazikitsidwa pansi. Ngati dothi silili bwino, mutha kuwonjezera nthaka yachonde kapena kompositi m'ngalande.

Kuchotsa mbewuyo mumtsuko pang'onopang'ono kufalitsa mizu yonse. Kuyika kwake ndi nthawi yake kukuzika kwake kumadalira. Kuti dothi lisungunuke, lipumike, mungathe kuwonjezera pansi. Ikani mmera mu dzenje, mudzazeni ndi dziko lapansi, mopepuka pang'ono ndi kutsanulira.

Kusamalira ndi kukula malamulo

Mukukula, chisamaliro ndizosavuta. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitika mwezi umodzi mutabzala. M'tsogolomu, kuvala pamwamba kumabwerezedwa kawiri pa mwezi pamwezi wonse mukukula. Chapakatikati, feteleza amakhala ndi nayitrogeni, nthawi yotentha komanso yophukira - phosphorous - potashi.

Mukathirira, amatsogozedwa ndi nyengo. Ngati mvula ilibe mvula, ndiye kuti muzithirira kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri ndi iwiri.

Nyengo yamvula isanayambe, nkhwangwa imathiriridwa mokwanira, dothi lozungulira thunthulo limaphika. Ngakhale kuti boxwood yobiriwira nthawi zonse imaloleza kutentha kwa subzero bwino, yayitali ozizira kwambiri amatha kuwononga mbewu. Tchifu tating'onoting'ono timakutidwa ndi zokoka zokhala ndi mabowo olowa mpweya wabwino. Udzuwo umakutidwa ndi nsalu yopanda pulani yomwe yapangidwira cholingachi.

Chapakatikati, osazengereza kusungitsa malo kuti muchepetse kukalamba kwa nkhwangwa kapena kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.

Kusunga mawonekedwe a boxwood muyenera kuchepetsa zopindulitsa zatsopano. Kuti tipeze tchire lokongola, kumeta tsitsi kumayenera kuchitika pakatha milungu 4 iliyonse.

Kuswana

Boxwood ikhoza kufalitsidwa:

• mbewu;
• kudula;
• masanjidwe.

Mbewu

Mbewu za Buchus zimafalikira chosowa kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbewu zake zimataya msanga.

M'madzi ofunda sungunulani kukula kopatsa mphamvu (Zircon kapena Epin) ndi mbewu zatsopano zomwe zanyowetsedwa munjira imeneyi kwa maola 24. Zitatha izi, zimayikidwa pakati pa zopukutira kapena zovala zapotoni. Mkati mwa masabata awiri kapena atatu mumakhala mphukira yoyera.

Mbewuzo ziziikidwa mchidebe chodzaza ndi peat ndi mchenga mosiyanasiyana. Poterepa, zikumera ziyenera kutumizidwa kunthaka. Valani chidebe ndi filimu kapenagalasi pamwamba ndikuyika malo otentha, abwino, osasinthika ndi dzuwa.

Pambuyo pakuphulika kwa masamba obiriwira, galasi kapena filimuyo imachotsedwa. Mutha kubzala pamalo otseguka kasupe pambuyo pake zikuwopsa bwanji chisanu.

Kudula

Njira yofala kwambiri yofalitsira bokosilo ndi kudula kwa masika. Kuchokera pachomera chachikulire kudula ngodya achinyamata osapindika pafupi 15 cm.

Masamba amachotsedwa pansi pa tsinde, ndikuviika kumapeto kwenikweni kwa Kornevin ndikuyika nthaka yopepuka, yopatsa thanzi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi botolo la pulasitiki.

Zofunika mpweya tsiku lililonse mbewu. Kudula kumathiriridwa madzi ndikumapopera madzi kuchokera kwa sapopera pa iwo. Mizu yoyamba imawonekera pakatha mwezi umodzi.

Kuyika

Pofalitsa pokonza masika mphukira kugwada pansi ndikugwetsa. Nyengo yachilimwe, mphukira yachinyengo imathiriridwa ndikuwadyetsa limodzi ndi chitsamba. Mphukira zikakula, zimalekanitsidwa ndikubzala.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Matenda ambiri a buxus amachitika chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera itatha kapena chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mbewuyo ndi tizirombo.

Zina mwa matenda omwe ndi zofala kwambiri ndi:

• kuvunda kwa mizu;
• kutaya masamba ndi mphukira;
• choipitsa mochedwa;
• tsamba loyera;
• cytosporosis;
• kuyanika kwa nthambi ndi masamba.

Zomera zowopsa za izi tizirombo:

• boxwood moto;
• ndulu midge;
• kapepala ka boxwood;
• kangaude;
• tinker;
• boxwood adamverera;
• chishango chaching'ono;
• nyongolotsi.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Kukula pang'ono, kupulastika, kusamalira mosavuta, kuzindikira, kukhalapo kwa masamba nthawi yozizira - machitidwe onsewa omwe amapezeka mu axylum amatsegulira mwayi wopanda pake kwa opanga mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito chomera ichi.

Tchire zobzalidwa payokha mothandizidwa ndi tsitsi lipatseni mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku geometric yosavuta mpaka mawonekedwe osavuta. Mitundu yomwe imakula pang'ono komanso yopanda pang'ono pang'onopang'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika mabedi a maluwa ndi udzu, ndikupanga malire. Kuchokera pamitundu yolimba komanso yayikulu kwambiri, mpanda wowuma wamtambo umapezeka womwe umateteza ku phokoso, mphepo ndi maso odulira.

Gwiritsani ntchito chitsamba ichi, kubisa zinthu zosawoneka bwino pamsika: zitini za zinyalala, milu ya kompositi. M'mabedi amaluwa, boxwood nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko azomera zina zamaluwa.

Kukula kwakumaso kapena mawonekedwe okongola obiriwira kudzakhala zokongoletsera za tsamba lililonse; muyenera kungoyeserera pang'ono pakuwongolera chomera chodabwitsa ichi.