Dracaena (Dracaena) - Chimodzi mwazomera zokongoletsa bwino kwambiri. Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 150, yomwe kwawo ndi kotentha komanso kotentha ku Africa komanso zilumba za Southeast Asia. Posachedwa, akatswiri ambiri amalumikizidwe am'mimba azomera amakonda dracaena. Mitundu ya maluwa iyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake mawonekedwe ake, masamba ndi maluwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti dracaena amatha "kumveka" mosiyana kwambiri mkati. Momwe tingasamalire Dracaena kunyumba, kufalitsa, kufalikira ndikuthana ndi matenda ake, tanena m'nkhaniyi.
Dracaena.
Dzina Lachilatini la mtunduwu ndi Dracaena, kutanthauza "chinjoka chachikazi." Mawu akuti "dracaena", nthawi zina "chinjoka" kapena "mtengo wa chinjoka", nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dzina la Russia la mtundu.
Momwe mungasiyanitsire ma dracaena ku cordilina
M'mbuyomu m'gululi gulu la Dracaena, komanso mtundu wa Cordilina ndi Yucca ndi a banja la Agave (Agavaceae), koma zitatha izi banja la Dracene (Dracaenaceae) Gulu latsopanoli (APG III) limaphatikizapo mtundu wa Dracaena mu banja la Asparagus (Asparagaceae).
Ena mwa ma dalaena achikulire amatchedwa mitengo ya kanjedza molakwika, yosokonezeka ndi yucca, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa kuti cililina dracaena, komanso mosemphanitsa. Asayansi mwatsatanetsatane adaganiziratu za kukhazikika kwa dracen ndi cacilin. Kuti mupewe zolakwika posamalira mbewuzi, muyenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa dracaena ndi cordilina.
Pokongoletsa zamaluwa, ma dracaena ndi cordilin amasiyanitsidwa ndi mizu yawo. Mu dracaena, mizu yake ndi ya malalanje achikasu komanso yosalala, ndipo ma colilins, ma rhizomes ndi oyera komanso amakhuthala. Masamba a dracaena ndi owoneka bwino (ndiye kuti, osadulidwa), ozungulira, achikopa, okhala ndi mitsempha yofanana. M'mitundu ina ya dracaena, masamba amatengedwa ndi mulu pamwamba pa tsinde, ndipo ena amapezeka mozungulira tsinde ndi whorls kapena spirals.
Kusamalira Panyumba kwa Dracaena
Malo
Pakati pa dracaena pali mbewu zambiri zokhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Madrakaya oterowo amayenera kukhala owala bwino kuti masamba awo asatayike. Dracaena wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira ali pamalo owala, koma amatetezedwa ndi dzuwa.
Ambiri amaganiza kuti dacao ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda mthunzi, koma m'malo mwake chimafota. Kukula bwino ndikukula kumafunikira kuunika kwambiri. Ngati kuwala kwakwanira m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira dracaena iyenera kukonzedwanso pafupi ndi zenera, chifukwa nthawi yachisanu nthawi zambiri pamakhala palibe kuwala kokwanira.
Kutentha
Zapakati, osati poyerekeza ndi + 15 ° С, ma dracenes ambiri amakonda nyengo yozizira yozizira pa kutentha kwa + 10- + 12 ° С.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa chilimwe kwa dracaena ndi + 18- + 25 ° C. Hardy dracaena (chinjoka, onunkhira bwino, Hooker dracaena) akumva bwino mu mpweya wabwino, pamalo otetezedwa kuti asalembe. Izi ndi mbewu za malo obiriwira ozizira; M'nyengo yozizira, amalekerera kutentha + kwa 12 ° C ngakhale kutsika.
Kuthirira
Ndikofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muzikhala chinyezi chaching'ono mumphika ndi dracaena, koma osalola kuti zigwedezeke. Kuyanika dongo kumakhala kosafunanso. Pa kutentha kochepa, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuthirira kwa dracaena, ndikusintha ndi kumasula pang'ono nthaka. Mpweya mchipindacho uyenera kukhala wonyowa komanso wotentha; ikatentha kwambiri, muyenera kupopera mbewuzo kamodzi pa tsiku.
Kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi kwa mtundu wa dracaena ndi mtundu woletsa kupewa mawonekedwe a kangaude. Nthawi ndi nthawi konzani malo ofunda kuti chomera ndichotsere fumbi ndikutsitsimutsa, koma ndikofunikira kutseka pansi ndi thumba la pulasitiki kuti lisanyowe.
Malangizo owuma a tsamba loyera nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu dracaena akasungidwa nthawi yozizira mzipinda zomwe zimatentha pakati.
Feteleza
Munthawi ya kukula kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti, milungu iwiri iliyonse, Dracaena amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wapadera wazomera zam'nyumba. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, ma dracaena amayenera kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi.
Dracaena.
Kugulitsa Dracaena
Dracaena amathanso kuiwika m'ngululu zaka ziwiri zilizonse kapena, ngati ikukula msanga, chaka chilichonse. Pothira mowa wa dracaena, mumphika wokulirapo umatengedwa, shards kapena timiyala timayikidwa pansi ngati ngalande, kenako osakaniza wozikidwa padziko lapansi kapena peat. Akasakaniza dothi losasinthika: ntchentche zofanana, tsamba lamasamba, humus, peat ndi mchenga. Mizu ya dracaena imafuna malo; mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi 15 masentimita oyenerera chomera cha masentimita 40.
Kufalitsa kwa Dracaena
Dracaena amafalizidwa ndi zodula, maudzu, kapena zidutswa za tsinde zozika pansi pa filimu m'nthaka pa kutentha kwa 25 ° C. Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira:
1. Apical odulidwa: Mbali yam'mera yachikale imadulidwa ndikuzula tsinde la apical pogwiritsa ntchito ma phytohormones ndikuwotcha pang'ono.
2. Zoyikika: kulandira magawo am'mweya kuchokera pachimake cha mbewu, chomwe chimadulidwa.
3. Phesi lodulidwa: mbali za tsinde 5-7 masentimita amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodula zodula. Magawo a mizu ya tsinde pansi pa filimuyi pa kutentha kwa + 25 ° C. Kulera ma dracaenas si kovuta, chifukwa zidutswa za zimayambira zimalekerera bwino mayendedwe ndikugwirira ntchito ngati chodzala. Zolimbikira ndizomera zomwe zili ndi masamba obiriwira. Dracaena wokhala ndi masamba owonda a xiphoid amafunika chisamaliro chowonjezereka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, a Dracaena samadwala.
Dracaena amatha kupukuta masamba ndikasamwetsa madzi osakwanira, ndikuwala, malo owuma amawoneka masamba atayatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kukonza kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikupeza malo abwino pazomera.
Mwa tizirombo, dracaena nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo (zolembera zofiirira zakumapeto kwa tsamba) kapena kangaude (kachilombo kakang'ono komwe kamakhala pansi theka la tsamba). Mbali yakumtunda kwa tsamba lomwe lakhudzidwalo limakutidwa ndi masamba achikasu, ndipo kangaude umaoneka pakati pamasamba.
Chikalacho chimachotsedwa ndi madzi amchere, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kuthandiza chomera ndi tizilombo, ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda takhudzidwa kwambiri, mankhwalawa amayenera kubwerezedwa sabata iliyonse. Ma spider nthata amawongoleredwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi acaricide. Koma ndikofunikira kubwereza kuti ndi kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse ndikusisita masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa, tizirombo ta Dracaena nthawi zambiri samakhudzidwa.
Dracaena.
Ndimagawana ndi zomwe ndakumana nazo: tili ndi dracaena pafupifupi zaka 5-6 kale. Chomera chosasinthika kwathunthu, tsopano chakula bwino. Palibe mawonekedwe osamalidwa apadera - kuthirira kochulukirachulukira ndikusintha nthawi yake! Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti imakula bwino kwambiri, monga m'nkhalango!
