Noble Laurel - mtengo wachipembedzo womwe umalumikizidwa ndi Greece wakale, ndi chithunzi chopanda tanthauzo cha mulungu wakale Apollo, chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha kukongola kwa amuna. Ndipo laurel ndi amodzi mwa zonunkhira zotchuka, zogwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse kuphika ndi kusunga. Mu wowerengeka mankhwala ntchito yabwino laurel, tinctures, kupukusira ndi decoction mogwira matenda osiyanasiyana zakonzedwa. Timalima anthu wamba m'mundamo (kum'mwera) komanso m'nyumba. Nkhaniyi ikutiuza za zomwe kukula kwa laurel ndi kagwiritsidwe kake kazamankhwala ndi kuphika.
Laurel olemekezeka
Chomera cha Laurel m'mbiri, nthano ndi nthano
Ovid wodziwika mu "Metamorphoses" yake akutiuza kuti Apollo, yemwe amakhala pakati pa anthu, adakondana ndi nymph Daphne ndipo amamuthamangitsa. Nthawi ina, atagonjetsa njokayo, Python, Apollo adakumana ndi Mulungu wachinyamata wa chikondi Eros ndi uta ndi muvi ndipo adamnyoza: "Chifukwa chiyani iwe, mwana, uta ndi mivi? Kodi ukuganiza kuti ungandipambanitse mu luso la kuwombera?" Kunyoza kumeneku kunakwiyitsa Eros, ndipo adatumiza mivi iwiri kuti abweze. Loyamba, muvi wachikondi, unabaya Apollo, ndipo chachiwiri - chikondi chakupha - chinagunda Daphne.
Kuyambira pamenepo, Daphne nthawi zonse amathawa Apollo. Palibe zinyengo zomwe zidamuthandiza. Atatopa ndi kuzunzika, chizunzo chamuyaya, Daphne adatembenukira kwa abambo ake Peeneus ndi Earth kuti amutengere fano. Pambuyo pa mawu awa, adasandulika kukhala chitsamba cha laurel (ndizodabwitsa kuti ku Russia mpaka m'zaka za zana la XVIII tsamba lotchedwa bay dasnia limatchedwa "daphnia" ("laurel" m'Chigiriki - "daphne"). Apollo wachisoni kuyambira pamenepo adayamba kuvala nkhata ya wobiriwira wobiriwira nthawi zonse.
Ku Greece, nyumba zinali zokongoletsedwa ndi masamba oyambira kuti zitsitsimutse m'chipindacho. Nthambi za Laurel zinayikidwa matiresi kuti maloto aulosi amalokere. Amakhulupirira kuti laurel amapulumutsa kuchokera ku mphezi. Chifukwa chake, chowonadi chimadziwika kuti wolamulira wachiroma Tiberius panthawi ya bingu adavala cholembera chamadzi ndipo adakwawa pansi pa bedi.
Laurel olemekezeka (Laurus nobilis) - mtengo wakutali kapena shrub, mtundu wamtundu wa Laurus (Laurus) Banja la Laurel.
Nthambi ya laurel, monga laurel wreath, imawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha ulemerero, kupambana ndi mtendere. Kuchokera pa dzina la chomera ichi:
- Mayina: Laurel, Lawrence, Laura, Lorentz;
- Mawu oti "laureate" otanthauza "kuvekedwa korona ndi laurel";
- Mafotokozedwe: "kotani okwera" - gwiritsani ntchito zipatso zakuchita bwino, "pumulani pazokongoletsa zanu" - siyani kuyesetsa kupambana zina, kondweretsani.
Khwalala lotchedwa laurel limawonedwa ngati mtengo wopatulika, maukonde a zovala zapamwamba anali okongoletsa mitu ya omwe adapambana ku Greece wakale. Masamba a laurel otchuka amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse ngati zonunkhira (tsamba lotchedwa bay).
Kufotokozera kwa apamwamba otchuka
Malo omwe anthu abwino amapezekako ndi ku Mediterranean. Pa gawo la Russia limakula kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Krasnodar Territory. Mtengo wotsika kwambiri wabanja la laurel mpaka 8-10 m wamtali, komanso itha kukhala ngati chitsamba. Nthawi zina m'nkhalango mumakhala mitengo mpaka 18 m.
Thunthu la mitengo mpaka 40 cm mulifupi mwake ndi makungwa amdima wakuda. Korona wowonda, nthawi zambiri amakhala wa piramidi. Masamba okhala ndi petioles yachidule, yosavuta, yosinthika, yofewa, yonyezimira, yolimba, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka, yolowera m'mwamba, komanso yopindika kumunsi. Amakhala obiriwira pamtunda, komanso opepuka pansipa, ali ndi malo owoneka bwino a cirrus, pang'ono pang'ono. Ali ndi fungo lamphamvu lamunthu.
Laurel olemekezeka
Laurel ndi mbewu yokongola ndipo maluwa ake ndi gay. Pamitengo ina, maluwa ang'onoang'ono olimba amatengedwa mu ma axillary inflorescence a 6-12 ma PC., Kupanga kwawo sikophweka, kokhala ngati kapu, masamba anayi achikasu oyera kapena oyera. Pamitengo ina, maluwa apistillate okha, omwe ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa maluwa olimba, amatengedwa m'makwerero a masamba. Zipatso - zakuda-zabuluu, yowutsa mudyo, zonunkhira bwino mpaka 2 cm, ovoid kapena elliptical mawonekedwe, okhala ndi fupa lalikulu. Limamasula mu Marichi-Epulo, ndipo zipatso zimacha mu Okutobala-Novembala.
Mtengo wa tsamba la bay ndizosatheka chifukwa uli ndi mafuta ofunikira (4.5%), cineole, acetic, valerianic, caproic acid. M'masamba muli pinene, geraniol, eugenol. Zipatso ndi masamba zimakhala ndi ma tannins, kuwawa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza cholecystitis, cholelithiasis. Zodzikongoletsera zamasamba amtundu wam'mimba zimasintha chimbudzi, zimalimbikitsa chidwi cha kudya, zimathandizira ziwalo zambiri. Kuchokera pamasamba, zipatso ndi maluwa amapeza mafuta ofunika pamakampani ogulitsa. Mwapang'ono ntchito
Kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba la Bay pophika
Tsamba la Bay limakhala ndi fungo lokomoka komanso kukoma kowawa. Monga zonunkhira, masamba (owuma ndi obiriwira), zipatso ndi ufa wopangidwa kuchokera masamba owuma, komanso mabulosi, omwe nthawi zina ufa umapanikizika, umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika ndi kumalongeza.
Tsamba la Bay nthawi zina limatchedwa zonunkhira, nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imagwira ndi kununkhira komanso mafuta onunkhira makamaka acidic mbale (sauces, gravy). Onjezerani ku mbale zoyambirira - sopo (nyama, masamba, nsomba, ndi zina), msuzi wa kabichi, borscht. Tsamba la Bay limapereka piquancy ku maphunziro achiwiri a mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe, nkhumba, kuphatikiza ndi nsomba yophika ndi stewed. Zimagwirizana ndi mbale zamasamba kuchokera nyemba, nandolo, nyemba, kabichi, kaloti.
Masamba a Bay, mosiyana ndi zonunkhira zina zambiri, amatha kuwonjezeredwa mphindi 5 musanaphike koyamba ndi maminitsi 7-10 mu maphunziro achiwiri. Malingaliro amakalabu ndi masamba 1-2 mpaka 3-4 pa mbale iliyonse. Atayika zonunkhira, chivundikirocho chimatsekedwa, pepalalo limachotsedwa mbale yotsirizidwa.
Bay tsamba - zonunkhira zofunika kwambiri zowongolera kununkhira ndi kununkhira kwa zakudya, zonyansa zakumwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani ogulitsa zakudya popanga tchizi, soseji, ma bedi, ma sosi, masoseji, marinade, zopangira nsomba zamkati, pokonzekera mayonesi, ketchup, etc. Ndi gawo la zosakanikirana zambiri: Hops Suneli, Garni Bouquet "ndi ena
Pophika panyumba, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mukamakomola tomato, nkhaka, squash, beets, kabichi, nyemba, bowa. Kuphatikiza ndi zonunkhira zina ndi zonunkhira, zimapatsa marinade kukoma kosangalatsa kokometsera komanso fungo labwino. Amagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwalawa, pomwe amagwira ntchito ina yosiyanako, ndikupatsa makinawo kukoma kosavuta.
Ku Western Europe, mwambo wowonjezera masamba amtundu wina kupanikizana ndi zakudya zina zotsekemera, zakumwa ndi zakumwa zozizilitsa bwino zasungidwa.
Kukula laurel yabwino
Laurel amamva bwino m'malo omwe amawunikira, koma amatha kulekerera pakuwala. Imalekerera kuchepa kwakanthawi kochepa kutentha mpaka madigiri 10-12 chisanu. Imalekerera chilala ndipo sioyenera kusankha dothi. Feteleza zachilengedwe ndi mchere zimakhudza bwino kukula ndi kukhazikika kwa laurel. Monga chikhalidwe cha mafakitale, laurel yakhala ikukula m'malo amodzi pafupifupi zaka 60.
Pamabyala, zovala zam'madzala zimabzalidwa madera otentha, momwe kutentha kochepa sikumatsika madigiri 12. Asanafesere mbewu, dothi limafesedwa mpaka 40-55 cm. organic (4-6 kg / m²) ndi mineral (muyeso wathunthu) feteleza umalowetsedwa. Pambuyo pa izi, chiwembucho chimasungidwa ndikukhazikika katatu mpaka katatu. Kubzala kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira kapena koyambirira kwa kasupe wokhala ndi mipata pakati pa mizere ya 1-2 m, pomwe pali mipata pakati pa mbewu 1-1,5 mita.
Pobzala, laurel amayang'aniridwa ndi udzu, kulima, kuthirira komanso kusamalira tizilombo. Laurel amathanso kukhala wamkulu m'nyumba.
Masamba ochokera laurel amatengedwa kuyambira Novembala mpaka Febere kuchokera pamitengo yomwe wafika zaka zitatu mpaka zinayi. Dulani nthambi zokhala ndi masamba ndi zouma masiku 7 mpaka 10 mumthunzi. Kenako masamba amachotsedwa, osanjidwa ndikuwanyamula, omwe amasungidwa m'zipinda zouma. Pofuna kupeza mafuta ofunikira, masamba amatumizidwa kuti akonzedwe mwatsopano.
Kufalikira kwa laurel ndi zodula
Laurel zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, kudula ndi layering. Njira yofala kwambiri ndikufalitsa mabulidwe odula pang'ono. Kudula laurel kumachitika mchaka (Marichi-Epulo) kapena nthawi yotentha (June-Julayi). Yokolola zodula pogwiritsa ntchito chaka chilichonse (kukhwima, koma osati lign) mphukira za laurel. Akadula (kutalika kwa 6-8 masentimita, ndi ma infode atatu), otengedwa pakati kapena pansi pa mphukira za chitsamba cha laurel, amadulidwa mosayang'aniridwa ndi gawo lachitatu. Pepala pansi limachotsedwa, ndipo apamwamba amawadula pakati.
Laurel olemekezeka
Mchenga wowuma, kapena chisakanizo cha moss ndi mchenga, kapena pansi pa malo ndi mchenga umatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo loyambira mizu ya laurel: gawo la ngalande limatsanuliridwa mumphika, kenako dothi lozungulira (pafupifupi 4 cm), ndi danga (pafupifupi 3 cm) pamwamba. moisturize ndi chomera cuttings kuti akuya 1-1,5 cm.
Mizu yodulira mizere imachitika bwino mu "bag greenhouse", kapena cuticle, kapena pansi pa mtsuko wagalasi. Zidutswa zokumba mizu mwachangu zimapoperedwa ndikuwulutsa tsiku lililonse. Kutentha kwa zomwe zidutswa 16-16 madigiri, amazika mu mwezi umodzi.
Kubwezeretsa mbewu za laurel
Zomera zobzala zimamera pamera mu nazale kapena mbewu zofesedwa mwachonde. Mbeu zomwe zimakololedwa pamitengo yapadera ya chiberekero zimataya mphamvu msanga, ndichifukwa chake zimafesedwa mukangoyamba kukolola m'dzinja mpaka masentimita 4-5. Mbewu zikaonekera, mbewuzo zimadulidwedwa motalikirana ndi 6-8 cm.
Mbeu za Laurel ndizazikulu, zowumbika bwino, mpaka 2cm kutalika, ndi mawonekedwe owonda a minofu omwe amawalepheretsa kuphukira ndi kumera msanga. Mbewu zodziwika bwino za laurel, monga laurel yonse, sizilekerera kuyimitsa ndikusunganso mphamvu kwa miyezi 3-5, ngati izisungidwa m'chipinda chofewa.
Asanafesere nthangala, ayenera kumasulidwa ku chipolopolo, apo ayi zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kuwabzala nthawi yomweyo m'miphika umodzi ndi mphamvu imodzi kapena pansi, nthawi yomweyo mpaka malo okhazikika. Mbewu zimamera kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti. Zimachitikanso kuti mbewu za m'modzi zimatha kumera mu Januware, koma kenako, zikagwa kwambiri zipatso, mbande zotere nthawi zambiri zimafa.
Kukula laurel m'nyumba
Ndikofunika kuti mbewuzo zizikhala m'zipinda nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa madigiri 10 Celsius, pomwe nthawi ya masika mbewuyo imangotengedwa kunja. M'chaka choyamba, mbande zimachita bwino popanda kuvala pamwamba, koma kuyambira chaka chachiwiri cholimidwa, mutha kuthira feteleza aliwonse amaminidwe amaminidwe ngati njira yothetsera mavitamini ang'onoang'ono. Laurel amalolera kwambiri pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadothi, samalolera kokha konyowa.
Popeza mwakula laurel kunyumba, mudzapeza chomera chokongola nthawi zonse. Ndipo pambali pake, mwayi wokha wokonzekera izi zonunkhira - Bay tsamba.
Laurel mankhwala wowerengeka
Kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a bay: thira 1 chikho cha madzi otentha 2 tbsp. l wosemedwa pepala, kunena 1-2 maola, kukulunga kutentha, kupsyinjika. Mukatulutsa khutu, muzimutsuka m'makutu ndikumakumba khutu kulowetsa kutentha kwa masamba a Bay. Mukamaliza, ikani chotsegula makutu ndi swab thonje. Ndondomeko amachitika katatu patsiku kapena nthawi 1 - usiku.
Kulowetsedwa masamba a laurel: brew 300 ml ya madzi otentha 5 g wa masamba ophwanyika, onjezani mu thermos kwa maola atatu, tsanulira kudzera m'magawo atatu a gauze, mubweretse kuchuluka kwake koyambirira. Tengani pakamwa ndi kupweteka kwamankhwala pang'ono kumayamwa muyeso yonse kwa maola 12. Njira ya mankhwalawa ndi masiku awiri.
Laurel olemekezeka
Kulowetsedwa masamba a laurel: Thirani magalasi atatu amadzi otentha ndi masamba 10 oyera a laurel, onjezerani kwa maola awiri mu thermos. Tengani pafupipafupi 1 chikho 3 katatu patsiku matenda a shuga.
Laurel tsamba decoction: brew 300 ml ya madzi otentha 5 g of bay bay, wiritsani kutentha pang'ono kapena kusamba kwa madzi kwa mphindi 5, tsimikizani mu thermos kwa maola 4-5, kupsyinjika. Imwani msuzi wokonzedwa m'ming'ono yaying'ono kwa maola 12 kuti mutsuke mafupa. Bwerezani izi kwa masiku atatu. Pakatha sabata - mubwereze masiku ena atatu. Patsiku lamankhwala, zakudya zamasamba zokha. Maulalo ayenera kutsukidwa kwa chaka choyamba katatu, kenako kamodzi pachaka ndipo nthawi zonse ukatsuka matumbo. Ngati izi sizichitika, matumbo osayera chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masamba a bay amatha kukhala magwero oyipa.
Laurel tsamba tinctureThirani 0,5 malita a vodika mu 1 chikho cha odulidwa Bay tsamba ndikupatsa kwa masiku 14 m'malo otentha, ofunda, nthawi ndi nthawi kugwedeza zomwe zili, kenako mavuto. Tengani 1 tbsp. l Katatu patsiku kwa maola 0,5 musanadye mankhwala musanadye mankhwala.
Kuchokera pa zipatso zakupsa za laurel, mafuta onunkhira kwambiri amapezeka, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ngati antiseptic akunja kwa zotupa ndi zotupa pakhungu, komanso motsutsana ndi kupweteka kwa minofu, kutupa kwa minofu, ndi sprains ndi dislocations, chifukwa chowotcha ndi ziwalo, rheumatism. Mankhwala wowerengeka, mafuta a laurel amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a cholecystitis ndi matenda a gallstone. Pa zolinga zomwezi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangidwa kuchokera masamba a laurel.
Mafuta a Bay Itha kukonzedwa motere: ikani mbale 30 g ya masamba osadulidwa oyamba, kuwathira ndi 200 ml ya mafuta opendekera kapena mpendadzuwa ndikumawalimbikitsa m'malo otentha kwa masiku 7, kenako amafinya ndikufinya.
Masamba a laurel otafuna omwe amamangidwa ndi mabala amathandizira kuluma ndi tizilombo touluka ndi njoka. Masamba atsopano a laurel ndi othandiza m'njira yovala mankhwalawa kuluma kwa mauna ndi njuchi. Malinga ndi akatswiri akale, laurel ndi njira yothetsera vutoli. Ngati chidutswa cha mitengo yabwino ya lalel chamangidwa pamimba, mwana amasiya kulira ndikugona.
Magawo onse amtengowo ali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndi kudzimbidwa, muyenera kumwa madontho 4-5 a msuzi wa laurel, wotsukidwa ndi madzi. Momwemonso, kupweteka m'makutu ndi ugonthi kumathandizidwa, ndipo mawanga amachotsedwa pamaso. Masamba a Laurel, atavala thupi, limaletsa kuyerekezera zinthu.
Kodi mumalima zovala? Mukuyembekezera nkhani zanu!
